/** * date : 2022-05-27 23:17:33 */ #define NDEBUG // 合ったと思ったら sample 3 が 22265 じゃなくて 22285 だった。助けてくれ! using namespace std; // intrinstic #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include // utility namespace Nyaan { using ll = long long; using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; template using V = vector; template using VV = vector>; using vi = vector; using vl = vector; using vd = V; using vs = V; using vvi = vector>; using vvl = vector>; template struct P : pair { template P(Args... args) : pair(args...) {} using pair::first; using pair::second; P &operator+=(const P &r) { first += r.first; second += r.second; return *this; } P &operator-=(const P &r) { first -= r.first; second -= r.second; return *this; } P &operator*=(const P &r) { first *= r.first; second *= r.second; return *this; } template P &operator*=(const S &r) { first *= r, second *= r; return *this; } P operator+(const P &r) const { return P(*this) += r; } P operator-(const P &r) const { return P(*this) -= r; } P operator*(const P &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; } template P operator*(const S &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; } P operator-() const { return P{-first, -second}; } }; using pl = P; using pi = P; using vp = V; constexpr int inf = 1001001001; constexpr long long infLL = 4004004004004004004LL; template int sz(const T &t) { return t.size(); } template inline bool amin(T &x, U y) { return (y < x) ? (x = y, true) : false; } template inline bool amax(T &x, U y) { return (x < y) ? (x = y, true) : false; } template inline T Max(const vector &v) { return *max_element(begin(v), end(v)); } template inline T Min(const vector &v) { return *min_element(begin(v), end(v)); } template inline long long Sum(const vector &v) { return accumulate(begin(v), end(v), 0LL); } template int lb(const vector &v, const T &a) { return lower_bound(begin(v), end(v), a) - begin(v); } template int ub(const vector &v, const T &a) { return upper_bound(begin(v), end(v), a) - begin(v); } constexpr long long TEN(int n) { long long ret = 1, x = 10; for (; n; x *= x, n >>= 1) ret *= (n & 1 ? x : 1); return ret; } template pair mkp(const T &t, const U &u) { return make_pair(t, u); } template vector mkrui(const vector &v, bool rev = false) { vector ret(v.size() + 1); if (rev) { for (int i = int(v.size()) - 1; i >= 0; i--) ret[i] = v[i] + ret[i + 1]; } else { for (int i = 0; i < int(v.size()); i++) ret[i + 1] = ret[i] + v[i]; } return ret; }; template vector mkuni(const vector &v) { vector ret(v); sort(ret.begin(), ret.end()); ret.erase(unique(ret.begin(), ret.end()), ret.end()); return ret; } template vector mkord(int N,F f) { vector ord(N); iota(begin(ord), end(ord), 0); sort(begin(ord), end(ord), f); return ord; } template vector mkinv(vector &v) { int max_val = *max_element(begin(v), end(v)); vector inv(max_val + 1, -1); for (int i = 0; i < (int)v.size(); i++) inv[v[i]] = i; return inv; } vector mkiota(int n) { vector ret(n); iota(begin(ret), end(ret), 0); return ret; } template T mkrev(const T &v) { T w{v}; reverse(begin(w), end(w)); return w; } template bool nxp(vector &v) { return next_permutation(begin(v), end(v)); } #define inV(T, v, n) \ vector v(n); \ in(v) #define inVV(T, v, h, w) \ vector> v(h, vector(w)); \ in(v); template using minpq = priority_queue, greater>; // 区間:半開区間 (ng, ok] または [ok, ng) template T binary_search(T ng, T ok, const F& f) { if constexpr (is_integral::value == true) { while (abs(ok - ng) > 1) { T x = (ok + ng) / 2; (f(x) ? ok : ng) = x; } return ok; } else { for (int iter = 0; iter < 60; iter++) { T x = (ok + ng) / 2; (f(x) ? ok : ng) = x; } return ok; } } // 解区間 (l, r) template void ternary_search(T l, T r, const F& f, bool greater = false) { if constexpr (is_integral::value == true) { while (abs(l - r) > 2) { T llr = (l * 2 + r * 1) / 3; T lrr = (l * 1 + r * 2) / 3; bool flag = f(llr) < f(lrr); if (flag != greater) { r = lrr; } else { l = llr; } } return (l + r) / 2; } else { for (int iter = 0; iter < 80; iter++) { T llr = (l * 2 + r * 1) / 3; T lrr = (l * 1 + r * 2) / 3; bool flag = f(llr) < f(lrr); if (flag != greater) { r = lrr; } else { l = llr; } } return (l + r) / 2; } } } // namespace Nyaan // bit operation namespace Nyaan { __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) inline int popcnt(const u64 &a) { return _mm_popcnt_u64(a); } inline int lsb(const u64 &a) { return a ? __builtin_ctzll(a) : 64; } inline int ctz(const u64 &a) { return a ? __builtin_ctzll(a) : 64; } inline int msb(const u64 &a) { return a ? 63 - __builtin_clzll(a) : -1; } template inline int gbit(const T &a, int i) { return (a >> i) & 1; } template inline void sbit(T &a, int i, bool b) { if (gbit(a, i) != b) a ^= T(1) << i; } constexpr long long PW(int n) { return 1LL << n; } constexpr long long MSK(int n) { return (1LL << n) - 1; } } // namespace Nyaan // inout namespace Nyaan { template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair &p) { os << p.first << " " << p.second; return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, pair &p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &v) { int s = (int)v.size(); for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) os << (i ? " " : "") << v[i]; return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector &v) { for (auto &x : v) is >> x; return is; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, __int128_t &x) { string S; is >> S; x = 0; int flag = 0; for (auto &c : S) { if (c == '-') { flag = true; continue; } x *= 10; x += c - '0'; } if (flag) x = -x; return is; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, __uint128_t &x) { string S; is >> S; x = 0; for (auto &c : S) { x *= 10; x += c - '0'; } return is; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, __int128_t x) { if (x == 0) return os << 0; if (x < 0) os << '-', x = -x; string S; while (x) S.push_back('0' + x % 10), x /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); return os << S; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, __uint128_t x) { if (x == 0) return os << 0; string S; while (x) S.push_back('0' + x % 10), x /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); return os << S; } void in() {} template void in(T &t, U &...u) { cin >> t; in(u...); } void out() { cout << "\n"; } template void out(const T &t, const U &...u) { cout << t; if (sizeof...(u)) cout << sep; out(u...); } void outr() {} template void outr(const T &t, const U &...u) { cout << t; outr(u...); } struct IoSetupNya { IoSetupNya() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(15); cerr << fixed << setprecision(7); } } iosetupnya; } // namespace Nyaan // debug namespace DebugImpl { template struct is_specialize : false_type {}; template struct is_specialize< U, typename conditional::type> : true_type {}; template struct is_specialize< U, typename conditional::type> : true_type {}; template struct is_specialize::value, void>> : true_type { }; void dump(const char& t) { cerr << t; } void dump(const string& t) { cerr << t; } void dump(const bool& t) { cerr << (t ? "true" : "false"); } void dump(__int128_t t) { if (t == 0) cerr << 0; if (t < 0) cerr << '-', t = -t; string S; while (t) S.push_back('0' + t % 10), t /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); cerr << S; } void dump(__uint128_t t) { if (t == 0) cerr << 0; string S; while (t) S.push_back('0' + t % 10), t /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); cerr << S; } template ::value, nullptr_t> = nullptr> void dump(const U& t) { cerr << t; } template void dump(const T& t, enable_if_t::value>* = nullptr) { string res; if (t == Nyaan::inf) res = "inf"; if constexpr (is_signed::value) { if (t == -Nyaan::inf) res = "-inf"; } if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 8) { if (t == Nyaan::infLL) res = "inf"; if constexpr (is_signed::value) { if (t == -Nyaan::infLL) res = "-inf"; } } if (res.empty()) res = to_string(t); cerr << res; } template void dump(const pair&); template void dump(const pair&); template void dump(const T& t, enable_if_t::value>* = nullptr) { cerr << "[ "; for (auto it = t.begin(); it != t.end();) { dump(*it); cerr << (++it == t.end() ? "" : ", "); } cerr << " ]"; } template void dump(const pair& t) { cerr << "( "; dump(t.first); cerr << ", "; dump(t.second); cerr << " )"; } template void dump(const pair& t) { cerr << "[ "; for (int i = 0; i < t.second; i++) { dump(t.first[i]); cerr << (i == t.second - 1 ? "" : ", "); } cerr << " ]"; } void trace() { cerr << endl; } template void trace(Head&& head, Tail&&... tail) { cerr << " "; dump(head); if (sizeof...(tail) != 0) cerr << ","; trace(forward(tail)...); } } // namespace DebugImpl #ifdef NyaanDebug #define trc(...) \ do { \ cerr << "## " << #__VA_ARGS__ << " = "; \ DebugImpl::trace(__VA_ARGS__); \ } while (0) #else #define trc(...) (void(0)) #endif // macro #define each(x, v) for (auto&& x : v) #define each2(x, y, v) for (auto&& [x, y] : v) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() #define rep(i, N) for (long long i = 0; i < (long long)(N); i++) #define repr(i, N) for (long long i = (long long)(N)-1; i >= 0; i--) #define rep1(i, N) for (long long i = 1; i <= (long long)(N); i++) #define repr1(i, N) for (long long i = (N); (long long)(i) > 0; i--) #define reg(i, a, b) for (long long i = (a); i < (b); i++) #define regr(i, a, b) for (long long i = (b)-1; i >= (a); i--) #define fi first #define se second #define ini(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define inl(...) \ long long __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define ins(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define in2(s, t) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i]); \ } #define in3(s, t, u) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i], u[i]); \ } #define in4(s, t, u, v) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i], u[i], v[i]); \ } #define die(...) \ do { \ Nyaan::out(__VA_ARGS__); \ return; \ } while (0) namespace Nyaan { void solve(); } int main() { Nyaan::solve(); } // template struct fps_fraction { using frac = fps_fraction; using mint = typename fps::value_type; fps p, q; fps_fraction(const fps& numerator = fps{0}, const fps& denominator = fps{1}) : p(numerator), q(denominator) {} friend frac operator+(const frac& l, const frac& r) { return frac{l.p * r.q + r.p * l.q, l.q * r.q}; } friend frac operator-(const frac& l, const frac& r) { return frac{l.p * r.q - r.p * l.q, l.q * r.q}; } friend frac operator*(const frac& l, const frac& r) { return frac{l.p * r.p, l.q * r.q}; } friend frac operator/(const frac& l, const frac& r) { return frac{l.p * r.q, l.q * r.p}; } frac& operator+=(const mint& r) { (*this).p += (*this).q * r; return *this; } frac& operator-=(const mint& r) { (*this).p -= (*this).q * r; return *this; } frac& operator*=(const mint& r) { (*this).p *= r; return *this; } frac operator+(const mint& r) { return frac{*this} += r; } frac operator-(const mint& r) { return frac{*this} -= r; } frac operator*(const mint& r) { return frac{*this} *= r; } frac operator/(const mint& r) { return frac{*this} /= r; } frac& operator+=(const frac& r) { return *this = (*this) + r; } frac& operator-=(const frac& r) { return *this = (*this) - r; } frac& operator*=(const frac& r) { return *this = (*this) * r; } frac operator-() const { return frac{-p, q}; } frac inverse() const { return frac{q, p}; }; void shrink() { p.shrink(), q.shrink(); } friend bool operator==(const frac& l, const frac& r) { return l.p == r.p && l.q == r.q; } friend bool operator!=(const frac& l, const frac& r) { return l.p != r.p || l.q != r.q; } friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const frac& r) { os << "[ " << r.p << ", " << r.q << " ]"; return os; } }; template struct FormalPowerSeries : vector { using vector::vector; using FPS = FormalPowerSeries; FPS &operator+=(const FPS &r) { if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i]; return *this; } FPS &operator+=(const mint &r) { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] += r; return *this; } FPS &operator-=(const FPS &r) { if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i]; return *this; } FPS &operator-=(const mint &r) { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] -= r; return *this; } FPS &operator*=(const mint &v) { for (int k = 0; k < (int)this->size(); k++) (*this)[k] *= v; return *this; } FPS &operator/=(const FPS &r) { if (this->size() < r.size()) { this->clear(); return *this; } int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1; if ((int)r.size() <= 64) { FPS f(*this), g(r); g.shrink(); mint coeff = g.back().inverse(); for (auto &x : g) x *= coeff; int deg = (int)f.size() - (int)g.size() + 1; int gs = g.size(); FPS quo(deg); for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) { quo[i] = f[i + gs - 1]; for (int j = 0; j < gs; j++) f[i + j] -= quo[i] * g[j]; } *this = quo * coeff; this->resize(n, mint(0)); return *this; } return *this = ((*this).rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev(); } FPS &operator%=(const FPS &r) { *this -= *this / r * r; shrink(); return *this; } FPS operator+(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; } FPS operator+(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; } FPS operator-(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; } FPS operator-(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; } FPS operator*(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; } FPS operator*(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; } FPS operator/(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; } FPS operator%(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; } FPS operator-() const { FPS ret(this->size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i]; return ret; } void shrink() { while (this->size() && this->back() == mint(0)) this->pop_back(); } FPS rev() const { FPS ret(*this); reverse(begin(ret), end(ret)); return ret; } FPS dot(FPS r) const { FPS ret(min(this->size(), r.size())); for (int i = 0; i < (int)ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i]; return ret; } FPS pre(int sz) const { return FPS(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), sz)); } FPS operator>>(int sz) const { if ((int)this->size() <= sz) return {}; FPS ret(*this); ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz); return ret; } FPS operator<<(int sz) const { FPS ret(*this); ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, mint(0)); return ret; } FPS diff() const { const int n = (int)this->size(); FPS ret(max(0, n - 1)); mint one(1), coeff(1); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * coeff; coeff += one; } return ret; } FPS integral() const { const int n = (int)this->size(); FPS ret(n + 1); ret[0] = mint(0); if (n > 0) ret[1] = mint(1); auto mod = mint::get_mod(); for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ret[i] = (-ret[mod % i]) * (mod / i); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] *= (*this)[i]; return ret; } mint eval(mint x) const { mint r = 0, w = 1; for (auto &v : *this) r += w * v, w *= x; return r; } FPS log(int deg = -1) const { assert((*this)[0] == mint(1)); if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size(); return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral(); } FPS pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const { const int n = (int)this->size(); if (deg == -1) deg = n; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if ((*this)[i] != mint(0)) { if (i * k > deg) return FPS(deg, mint(0)); mint rev = mint(1) / (*this)[i]; FPS ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg) * ((*this)[i].pow(k)); ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg); if ((int)ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, mint(0)); return ret; } } return FPS(deg, mint(0)); } static void *ntt_ptr; static void set_fft(); FPS &operator*=(const FPS &r); void ntt(); void intt(); void ntt_doubling(); static int ntt_pr(); FPS inv(int deg = -1) const; FPS exp(int deg = -1) const; }; template void *FormalPowerSeries::ntt_ptr = nullptr; /** * @brief 多項式/形式的冪級数ライブラリ * @docs docs/fps/formal-power-series.md */ template mint LinearRecurrence(long long k, FormalPowerSeries Q, FormalPowerSeries P) { Q.shrink(); mint ret = 0; if (P.size() >= Q.size()) { auto R = P / Q; P -= R * Q; P.shrink(); if (k < (int)R.size()) ret += R[k]; } if ((int)P.size() == 0) return ret; FormalPowerSeries::set_fft(); if (FormalPowerSeries::ntt_ptr == nullptr) { P.resize((int)Q.size() - 1); while (k) { auto Q2 = Q; for (int i = 1; i < (int)Q2.size(); i += 2) Q2[i] = -Q2[i]; auto S = P * Q2; auto T = Q * Q2; if (k & 1) { for (int i = 1; i < (int)S.size(); i += 2) P[i >> 1] = S[i]; for (int i = 0; i < (int)T.size(); i += 2) Q[i >> 1] = T[i]; } else { for (int i = 0; i < (int)S.size(); i += 2) P[i >> 1] = S[i]; for (int i = 0; i < (int)T.size(); i += 2) Q[i >> 1] = T[i]; } k >>= 1; } return ret + P[0]; } else { int N = 1; while (N < (int)Q.size()) N <<= 1; P.resize(2 * N); Q.resize(2 * N); P.ntt(); Q.ntt(); vector S(2 * N), T(2 * N); vector btr(N); for (int i = 0, logn = __builtin_ctz(N); i < (1 << logn); i++) { btr[i] = (btr[i >> 1] >> 1) + ((i & 1) << (logn - 1)); } mint dw = mint(FormalPowerSeries::ntt_pr()) .inverse() .pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (2 * N)); while (k) { mint inv2 = mint(2).inverse(); // even degree of Q(x)Q(-x) T.resize(N); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) T[i] = Q[(i << 1) | 0] * Q[(i << 1) | 1]; S.resize(N); if (k & 1) { // odd degree of P(x)Q(-x) for (auto &i : btr) { S[i] = (P[(i << 1) | 0] * Q[(i << 1) | 1] - P[(i << 1) | 1] * Q[(i << 1) | 0]) * inv2; inv2 *= dw; } } else { // even degree of P(x)Q(-x) for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { S[i] = (P[(i << 1) | 0] * Q[(i << 1) | 1] + P[(i << 1) | 1] * Q[(i << 1) | 0]) * inv2; } } swap(P, S); swap(Q, T); k >>= 1; if (k < N) break; P.ntt_doubling(); Q.ntt_doubling(); } P.intt(); Q.intt(); return ret + (P * (Q.inv()))[k]; } } template mint kitamasa(long long N, FormalPowerSeries Q, FormalPowerSeries a) { assert(!Q.empty() && Q[0] != 0); if (N < (int)a.size()) return a[N]; assert((int)a.size() >= int(Q.size()) - 1); auto P = a.pre((int)Q.size() - 1) * Q; P.resize(Q.size() - 1); return LinearRecurrence(N, Q, P); } /** * @brief 線形漸化式の高速計算 * @docs docs/fps/kitamasa.md */ template struct NTT { static constexpr uint32_t get_pr() { uint32_t _mod = mint::get_mod(); using u64 = uint64_t; u64 ds[32] = {}; int idx = 0; u64 m = _mod - 1; for (u64 i = 2; i * i <= m; ++i) { if (m % i == 0) { ds[idx++] = i; while (m % i == 0) m /= i; } } if (m != 1) ds[idx++] = m; uint32_t _pr = 2; while (1) { int flg = 1; for (int i = 0; i < idx; ++i) { u64 a = _pr, b = (_mod - 1) / ds[i], r = 1; while (b) { if (b & 1) r = r * a % _mod; a = a * a % _mod; b >>= 1; } if (r == 1) { flg = 0; break; } } if (flg == 1) break; ++_pr; } return _pr; }; static constexpr uint32_t mod = mint::get_mod(); static constexpr uint32_t pr = get_pr(); static constexpr int level = __builtin_ctzll(mod - 1); mint dw[level], dy[level]; void setwy(int k) { mint w[level], y[level]; w[k - 1] = mint(pr).pow((mod - 1) / (1 << k)); y[k - 1] = w[k - 1].inverse(); for (int i = k - 2; i > 0; --i) w[i] = w[i + 1] * w[i + 1], y[i] = y[i + 1] * y[i + 1]; dw[1] = w[1], dy[1] = y[1], dw[2] = w[2], dy[2] = y[2]; for (int i = 3; i < k; ++i) { dw[i] = dw[i - 1] * y[i - 2] * w[i]; dy[i] = dy[i - 1] * w[i - 2] * y[i]; } } NTT() { setwy(level); } void fft4(vector &a, int k) { if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return; if (k == 1) { mint a1 = a[1]; a[1] = a[0] - a[1]; a[0] = a[0] + a1; return; } if (k & 1) { int v = 1 << (k - 1); for (int j = 0; j < v; ++j) { mint ajv = a[j + v]; a[j + v] = a[j] - ajv; a[j] += ajv; } } int u = 1 << (2 + (k & 1)); int v = 1 << (k - 2 - (k & 1)); mint one = mint(1); mint imag = dw[1]; while (v) { // jh = 0 { int j0 = 0; int j1 = v; int j2 = j1 + v; int j3 = j2 + v; for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3]; mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3; mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag; a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j1] = t0p2 - t1p3; a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j3] = t0m2 - t1m3; } } // jh >= 1 mint ww = one, xx = one * dw[2], wx = one; for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) { ww = xx * xx, wx = ww * xx; int j0 = jh * v; int je = j0 + v; int j2 = je + v; for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v] * xx, t2 = a[j2] * ww, t3 = a[j2 + v] * wx; mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3; mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag; a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j0 + v] = t0p2 - t1p3; a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j2 + v] = t0m2 - t1m3; } xx *= dw[__builtin_ctzll((jh += 4))]; } u <<= 2; v >>= 2; } } void ifft4(vector &a, int k) { if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return; if (k == 1) { mint a1 = a[1]; a[1] = a[0] - a[1]; a[0] = a[0] + a1; return; } int u = 1 << (k - 2); int v = 1; mint one = mint(1); mint imag = dy[1]; while (u) { // jh = 0 { int j0 = 0; int j1 = v; int j2 = v + v; int j3 = j2 + v; for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3]; mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3; mint t0m1 = t0 - t1, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * imag; a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = t0p1 - t2p3; a[j1] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j3] = t0m1 - t2m3; } } // jh >= 1 mint ww = one, xx = one * dy[2], yy = one; u <<= 2; for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) { ww = xx * xx, yy = xx * imag; int j0 = jh * v; int je = j0 + v; int j2 = je + v; for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j2 + v]; mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3; mint t0m1 = (t0 - t1) * xx, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * yy; a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = (t0p1 - t2p3) * ww; a[j0 + v] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j2 + v] = (t0m1 - t2m3) * ww; } xx *= dy[__builtin_ctzll(jh += 4)]; } u >>= 4; v <<= 2; } if (k & 1) { u = 1 << (k - 1); for (int j = 0; j < u; ++j) { mint ajv = a[j] - a[j + u]; a[j] += a[j + u]; a[j + u] = ajv; } } } void ntt(vector &a) { if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return; fft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size())); } void intt(vector &a) { if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return; ifft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size())); mint iv = mint(a.size()).inverse(); for (auto &x : a) x *= iv; } vector multiply(const vector &a, const vector &b) { int l = a.size() + b.size() - 1; if (min(a.size(), b.size()) <= 40) { vector s(l); for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) for (int j = 0; j < (int)b.size(); ++j) s[i + j] += a[i] * b[j]; return s; } int k = 2, M = 4; while (M < l) M <<= 1, ++k; setwy(k); vector s(M), t(M); for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = a[i]; for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = b[i]; fft4(s, k); fft4(t, k); for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) s[i] *= t[i]; ifft4(s, k); s.resize(l); mint invm = mint(M).inverse(); for (int i = 0; i < l; ++i) s[i] *= invm; return s; } void ntt_doubling(vector &a) { int M = (int)a.size(); auto b = a; intt(b); mint r = 1, zeta = mint(pr).pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (M << 1)); for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) b[i] *= r, r *= zeta; ntt(b); copy(begin(b), end(b), back_inserter(a)); } }; template void FormalPowerSeries::set_fft() { if (!ntt_ptr) ntt_ptr = new NTT; } template FormalPowerSeries& FormalPowerSeries::operator*=( const FormalPowerSeries& r) { if (this->empty() || r.empty()) { this->clear(); return *this; } set_fft(); auto ret = static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->multiply(*this, r); return *this = FormalPowerSeries(ret.begin(), ret.end()); } template void FormalPowerSeries::ntt() { set_fft(); static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->ntt(*this); } template void FormalPowerSeries::intt() { set_fft(); static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->intt(*this); } template void FormalPowerSeries::ntt_doubling() { set_fft(); static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->ntt_doubling(*this); } template int FormalPowerSeries::ntt_pr() { set_fft(); return static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->pr; } template FormalPowerSeries FormalPowerSeries::inv(int deg) const { assert((*this)[0] != mint(0)); if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size(); FormalPowerSeries res(deg); res[0] = {mint(1) / (*this)[0]}; for (int d = 1; d < deg; d <<= 1) { FormalPowerSeries f(2 * d), g(2 * d); for (int j = 0; j < min((int)this->size(), 2 * d); j++) f[j] = (*this)[j]; for (int j = 0; j < d; j++) g[j] = res[j]; f.ntt(); g.ntt(); for (int j = 0; j < 2 * d; j++) f[j] *= g[j]; f.intt(); for (int j = 0; j < d; j++) f[j] = 0; f.ntt(); for (int j = 0; j < 2 * d; j++) f[j] *= g[j]; f.intt(); for (int j = d; j < min(2 * d, deg); j++) res[j] = -f[j]; } return res.pre(deg); } template FormalPowerSeries FormalPowerSeries::exp(int deg) const { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; assert((*this).size() == 0 || (*this)[0] == mint(0)); if (deg == -1) deg = this->size(); fps inv; inv.reserve(deg + 1); inv.push_back(mint(0)); inv.push_back(mint(1)); auto inplace_integral = [&](fps& F) -> void { const int n = (int)F.size(); auto mod = mint::get_mod(); while ((int)inv.size() <= n) { int i = inv.size(); inv.push_back((-inv[mod % i]) * (mod / i)); } F.insert(begin(F), mint(0)); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) F[i] *= inv[i]; }; auto inplace_diff = [](fps& F) -> void { if (F.empty()) return; F.erase(begin(F)); mint coeff = 1, one = 1; for (int i = 0; i < (int)F.size(); i++) { F[i] *= coeff; coeff += one; } }; fps b{1, 1 < (int)this->size() ? (*this)[1] : 0}, c{1}, z1, z2{1, 1}; for (int m = 2; m < deg; m *= 2) { auto y = b; y.resize(2 * m); y.ntt(); z1 = z2; fps z(m); for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) z[i] = y[i] * z1[i]; z.intt(); fill(begin(z), begin(z) + m / 2, mint(0)); z.ntt(); for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) z[i] *= -z1[i]; z.intt(); c.insert(end(c), begin(z) + m / 2, end(z)); z2 = c; z2.resize(2 * m); z2.ntt(); fps x(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min(this->size(), m)); x.resize(m); inplace_diff(x); x.push_back(mint(0)); x.ntt(); for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) x[i] *= y[i]; x.intt(); x -= b.diff(); x.resize(2 * m); for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; ++i) x[m + i] = x[i], x[i] = mint(0); x.ntt(); for (int i = 0; i < 2 * m; ++i) x[i] *= z2[i]; x.intt(); x.pop_back(); inplace_integral(x); for (int i = m; i < min(this->size(), 2 * m); ++i) x[i] += (*this)[i]; fill(begin(x), begin(x) + m, mint(0)); x.ntt(); for (int i = 0; i < 2 * m; ++i) x[i] *= y[i]; x.intt(); b.insert(end(b), begin(x) + m, end(x)); } return fps{begin(b), begin(b) + deg}; } /** * @brief NTT mod用FPSライブラリ * @docs docs/fps/ntt-friendly-fps.md */ template struct Matrix { using Array = array, H>; Array A; Matrix() : A() { for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) (*this)[i][j] = T(); } int height() const { return H; } int width() const { return W; } inline const array &operator[](int k) const { return A[k]; } inline array &operator[](int k) { return A[k]; } static Matrix I() { assert(H == W); Matrix mat; for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) mat[i][i] = 1; return (mat); } Matrix &operator+=(const Matrix &B) { for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) A[i][j] += B[i][j]; return (*this); } Matrix &operator-=(const Matrix &B) { for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) A[i][j] -= B[i][j]; return (*this); } Matrix &operator*=(const Matrix &B) { assert(H == W); Matrix C; for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) for (int k = 0; k < H; k++) for (int j = 0; j < H; j++) C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j]; A.swap(C.A); return (*this); } Matrix &operator^=(long long k) { Matrix B = Matrix::I(); while (k > 0) { if (k & 1) B *= *this; *this *= *this; k >>= 1LL; } A.swap(B.A); return (*this); } Matrix operator+(const Matrix &B) const { return (Matrix(*this) += B); } Matrix operator-(const Matrix &B) const { return (Matrix(*this) -= B); } Matrix operator*(const Matrix &B) const { return (Matrix(*this) *= B); } Matrix operator^(const long long k) const { return (Matrix(*this) ^= k); } bool operator==(const Matrix &B) const { for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) if (A[i][j] != B[i][j]) return false; return true; } bool operator!=(const Matrix &B) const { for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) if (A[i][j] != B[i][j]) return true; return false; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os,const Matrix &p) { for (int i = 0; i < H; i++) { os << "["; for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) { os << p[i][j] << (j + 1 == W ? "]\n" : ","); } } return (os); } T determinant(int n = -1) { if (n == -1) n = H; Matrix B(*this); T ret = 1; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int idx = -1; for (int j = i; j < n; j++) { if (B[j][i] != 0) { idx = j; break; } } if (idx == -1) return 0; if (i != idx) { ret *= T(-1); swap(B[i], B[idx]); } ret *= B[i][i]; T inv = T(1) / B[i][i]; for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { B[i][j] *= inv; } for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { T a = B[j][i]; if (a == 0) continue; for (int k = i; k < n; k++) { B[j][k] -= B[i][k] * a; } } } return (ret); } }; /** * @brief 行列ライブラリ(std::array版) */ template struct LazyMontgomeryModInt { using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt; using i32 = int32_t; using u32 = uint32_t; using u64 = uint64_t; static constexpr u32 get_r() { u32 ret = mod; for (i32 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret; return ret; } static constexpr u32 r = get_r(); static constexpr u32 n2 = -u64(mod) % mod; static_assert(r * mod == 1, "invalid, r * mod != 1"); static_assert(mod < (1 << 30), "invalid, mod >= 2 ^ 30"); static_assert((mod & 1) == 1, "invalid, mod % 2 == 0"); u32 a; constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt() : a(0) {} constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt(const int64_t &b) : a(reduce(u64(b % mod + mod) * n2)){}; static constexpr u32 reduce(const u64 &b) { return (b + u64(u32(b) * u32(-r)) * mod) >> 32; } constexpr mint &operator+=(const mint &b) { if (i32(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } constexpr mint &operator-=(const mint &b) { if (i32(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } constexpr mint &operator*=(const mint &b) { a = reduce(u64(a) * b.a); return *this; } constexpr mint &operator/=(const mint &b) { *this *= b.inverse(); return *this; } constexpr mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; } constexpr mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; } constexpr mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; } constexpr mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; } constexpr bool operator==(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } constexpr bool operator!=(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } constexpr mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); } constexpr mint pow(u64 n) const { mint ret(1), mul(*this); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } constexpr mint inverse() const { return pow(mod - 2); } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) { return os << b.get(); } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) { int64_t t; is >> t; b = LazyMontgomeryModInt(t); return (is); } constexpr u32 get() const { u32 ret = reduce(a); return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret; } static constexpr u32 get_mod() { return mod; } }; template struct Binomial { vector f, g, h; Binomial(int MAX = 0) { assert(T::get_mod() != 0 && "Binomial()"); f.resize(1, T{1}); g.resize(1, T{1}); h.resize(1, T{1}); while (MAX >= (int)f.size()) extend(); } void extend() { int n = f.size(); int m = n * 2; f.resize(m); g.resize(m); h.resize(m); for (int i = n; i < m; i++) f[i] = f[i - 1] * T(i); g[m - 1] = f[m - 1].inverse(); h[m - 1] = g[m - 1] * f[m - 2]; for (int i = m - 2; i >= n; i--) { g[i] = g[i + 1] * T(i + 1); h[i] = g[i] * f[i - 1]; } } T fac(int i) { if (i < 0) return T(0); while (i >= (int)f.size()) extend(); return f[i]; } T finv(int i) { if (i < 0) return T(0); while (i >= (int)g.size()) extend(); return g[i]; } T inv(int i) { if (i < 0) return -inv(-i); while (i >= (int)h.size()) extend(); return h[i]; } T C(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); return fac(n) * finv(n - r) * finv(r); } inline T operator()(int n, int r) { return C(n, r); } template T multinomial(const vector& r) { static_assert(is_integral::value == true); int n = 0; for (auto& x : r) { if (x < 0) return T(0); n += x; } T res = fac(n); for (auto& x : r) res *= finv(x); return res; } template T operator()(const vector& r) { return multinomial(r); } T C_naive(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); T ret = T(1); r = min(r, n - r); for (int i = 1; i <= r; ++i) ret *= inv(i) * (n--); return ret; } T P(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); return fac(n) * finv(n - r); } T H(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || r < 0) return T(0); return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r); } }; // #include "fps/arbitrary-fps.hpp" // using namespace Nyaan; using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt<998244353>; // using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt<1000000007>; using vm = vector; using vvm = vector; Binomial C; using fps = FormalPowerSeries; using namespace Nyaan; mint dp[110][110][110]; void q() { inl(N); vl S(N), cnt(101); in(S); each(x, S) { if (x == 1) x = 0; cnt[x]++; } dp[101][0][0] = 1; for (int i = 100; i >= 1; i--) { rep(j, N + 1) rep(k, N + 1) { mint cur = dp[i + 1][j][k]; if (cur == 0) continue; trc(i + 1, j, k, cur); int c = cnt[i]; // s 個作る rep(s, N + 1) { int t = s + k; if (c >= t) { int nj = j + c - t, nk = k; dp[i][nj][nk] += cur; } else { int nj = j, nk = t + k - c; if (nk > N) break; // if ((1 << (i - 1)) * nk > N) break; dp[i][nj][nk] += cur; } } } } mint ans = 0; rep(j, N + 1) rep(k, N + 1) { if (dp[1][j][k] != 0 and j + cnt[0] >= k) { trc(j, k, dp[1][j][k]); ans += dp[1][j][k] * (j + cnt[0] - k + 1); } } ans -= 1; if (cnt[0] == 0) { // {0,x,x,x,x} {1,x,x,x,x} NG reg(i, 2, 101) if (cnt[i]) ans -= 2; } out(ans); } void Nyaan::solve() { int T = 1; // in(T); while (T--) q(); }