#include #ifndef CONSTANTS_H_ #define CONSTANTS_H_ // big = 2305843009213693951 = 2^61-1 ~= 2.3*10^18 const int64_t big = std::numeric_limits::max() / 4; #endif // CONSTANTS_H_ #ifndef DEBUG_H_ #define DEBUG_H_ #ifndef TYPE_TRAITS_H_ #define TYPE_TRAITS_H_ template struct is_dereferenceable : std::false_type {}; template struct is_dereferenceable())>> : std::true_type {}; template struct is_iterable : std::false_type {}; template struct is_iterable())), decltype(std::end(std::declval()))>> : std::true_type {}; template struct is_applicable : std::false_type {}; template struct is_applicable::value)>> : std::true_type {}; #endif // TYPE_TRAITS_H template void debug(std::ostream& os, const T& value, const Ts&... args); template void debug(std::ostream& os, const T& v) { if constexpr (std::is_same>::value) { if (v == big) { os << "big"; } else { os << v; } } else if constexpr (std::is_same>::value || std::is_same::value) { os << v; } else if constexpr (is_dereferenceable::value) { os << "{"; if (v) { debug(os, *v); } else { os << "nil"; } os << "}"; } else if constexpr (is_iterable::value) { os << "{"; for (auto it = std::begin(v); it != std::end(v); ++it) { if (it != std::begin(v)) os << ", "; debug(os, *it); } os << "}"; } else if constexpr (is_applicable::value) { os << "{"; std::apply([&os](const auto&... args) { debug(os, args...); }, v); os << "}"; } else { os << v; } } template void debug(std::ostream& os, const T& value, const Ts&... args) { debug(os, value); os << ", "; debug(os, args...); } #if DEBUG #define dbg(...) \ do { \ std::cerr << #__VA_ARGS__ << ": "; \ debug(std::cerr, __VA_ARGS__); \ std::cerr << " (L" << __LINE__ << ")\n"; \ } while (0) #else #define dbg(...) #endif #endif // DEBUG_H_ #ifndef FIX_H_ #define FIX_H_ template struct FixPoint { F f; template decltype(auto) operator()(Args&&... args) const { return f(std::ref(*this), std::forward(args)...); } }; template FixPoint> Fix(F&& f) { return {std::forward(f)}; } #endif // FIX_H_ #ifndef IO_H_ #define IO_H void read_from_cin() {} template void read_from_cin(T& value, Ts&... args) { std::cin >> value; read_from_cin(args...); } #define rd(type, ...) \ type __VA_ARGS__; \ read_from_cin(__VA_ARGS__); #define ints(...) rd(int, __VA_ARGS__); #define strings(...) rd(string, __VA_ARGS__); const char *yes_str = "Yes", *no_str = "No"; template void write_to_cout(const T& value) { if constexpr (std::is_same::value) { std::cout << (value ? yes_str : no_str); } else if constexpr (is_iterable::value && !std::is_same::value) { for (auto it = std::begin(value); it != std::end(value); ++it) { if (it != std::begin(value)) std::cout << " "; std::cout << *it; } } else { std::cout << value; } } template void write_to_cout(const T& value, const Ts&... args) { write_to_cout(value); std::cout << ' '; write_to_cout(args...); } #define wt(...) \ do { \ write_to_cout(__VA_ARGS__); \ cout << '\n'; \ } while (0) template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, std::vector& v) { for (T& vi : v) is >> vi; return is; } template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, std::pair& p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } #endif // IO_H_ #ifndef MACROS_H_ #define MACROS_H_ #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define eb(...) emplace_back(__VA_ARGS__) #define pb(...) push_back(__VA_ARGS__) #define dispatch(_1, _2, _3, name, ...) name #define as_i64(x) \ ( \ [] { \ static_assert( \ std::is_integral< \ typename std::remove_reference::type>::value, \ "rep macro supports std integral types only"); \ }, \ static_cast(x)) #define rep3(i, a, b) for (int64_t i = as_i64(a); i < as_i64(b); ++i) #define rep2(i, n) rep3(i, 0, n) #define rep1(n) rep2(_loop_variable_, n) #define rep(...) dispatch(__VA_ARGS__, rep3, rep2, rep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rrep3(i, a, b) for (int64_t i = as_i64(b) - 1; i >= as_i64(a); --i) #define rrep2(i, n) rrep3(i, 0, n) #define rrep1(n) rrep2(_loop_variable_, n) #define rrep(...) dispatch(__VA_ARGS__, rrep3, rrep2, rrep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define each3(k, v, c) for (auto&& [k, v] : c) #define each2(e, c) for (auto&& e : c) #define each(...) dispatch(__VA_ARGS__, each3, each2)(__VA_ARGS__) template bool chmax(T& a, U b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } template bool chmin(T& a, U b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } template auto max(T a, U b) { return a > b ? a : b; } template auto min(T a, U b) { return a < b ? a : b; } template auto max(const T& v) { return *std::max_element(v.begin(), v.end()); } template auto min(const T& v) { return *std::min_element(v.begin(), v.end()); } template int64_t sz(const T& v) { return std::size(v); } template int64_t popcount(T i) { return std::bitset::digits>(i).count(); } template bool hasbit(T s, int i) { return std::bitset::digits>(s)[i]; } template auto div_floor(T n, U d) { if (d < 0) { n = -n; d = -d; } if (n < 0) { return -((-n + d - 1) / d); } return n / d; }; template auto div_ceil(T n, U d) { if (d < 0) { n = -n; d = -d; } if (n < 0) { return -(-n / d); } return (n + d - 1) / d; } template bool even(T x) { return x % 2 == 0; } std::array, 4> adjacent(int64_t i, int64_t j) { return {{{i + 1, j}, {i, j + 1}, {i - 1, j}, {i, j - 1}}}; } bool inside(int64_t i, int64_t j, int64_t I, int64_t J) { return 0 <= i && i < I && 0 <= j && j < J; } template void sort(T& v) { return std::sort(v.begin(), v.end()); } template void sort(T& v, Compare comp) { return std::sort(v.begin(), v.end(), comp); } template void reverse(T& v) { return std::reverse(v.begin(), v.end()); } template typename T::value_type accumulate(const T& v) { return std::accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), typename T::value_type()); } using i64 = int64_t; using i32 = int32_t; template using low_priority_queue = std::priority_queue, std::greater>; template using V = std::vector; template using VV = V>; #endif // MACROS_H_ void Main(); int main() { std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); std::cin.tie(NULL); std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(20); Main(); return 0; } using namespace std; #define int i64 void Main() { ints(n); rep(i, n) { rep(j, n) { if (j) cout << " "; cout << ((i + j) % n + 1); } cout << endl; } }