#include using namespace std; u_int64_t seed = 91; u_int64_t xor_shift(){ seed ^= seed << 1; seed ^= seed >> 3; seed ^= seed << 10; return seed; } class Time{ public: chrono::system_clock::time_point start_time; Time(){ start_time = now(); } chrono::system_clock::time_point now(){ return chrono::system_clock::now(); } int elapsed(){ auto cur = chrono::system_clock::now(); return chrono::duration_cast(cur - start_time).count(); } }; template class TSP{ vector> D; vector ans, A, v_to_cycle; vector> nearest; int n; T INF; public: TSP (vector> D, T INF): D(D), n(D.size()), INF(INF){ ans.resize(n); iota(ans.begin(), ans.end(), 0); v_to_cycle.resize(n); iota(v_to_cycle.begin(), v_to_cycle.end(), 0); A.resize(n); iota(A.begin(), A.end(), 0); nearest.assign(n, vector(n)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ vector> B(n); for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) B[j] = {D[i][j], j}; sort(B.begin(), B.end()); for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) nearest[i][j] = B[j].second; } }; vector solve_perm(){ vector P(n); iota(P.begin(), P.end(), 0); T best_score = INF; vector best = P; do { T s = calc_score(P); if (s < best_score){ best = P; best_score = s; } } while (next_permutation(P.begin(), P.end())); return best; } vector solve(int time_limit){ if (n < 10) return solve_perm(); Time time; // // initial 2-opt // while (true){ // bool updated = false; // for (int t1 = 0; t1 < n; t1++){ // int t2 = (t1 + 1) % n; // for (const auto &v: nearest[ans[t2]]){ // int t3 = v_to_cycle[v]; // if (dist(t1, t2) <= dist(t2, t3)) // break; // int t4 = (t3 - 1 + n) % n; // int i, j; // if (t2 <= t4) // tie(i, j) = {t2, t4}; // else // tie(i, j) = {t3, t1}; // const auto d = calc_two_opt_score(i, j); // if (d < 0){ // two_opt_swap(i, j); // updated = true; // } // } // } // if (!updated) // break; // } // kick (double bridge + 2-opt) auto best = ans; auto best_v_to_cycle = v_to_cycle; T score = calc_score(ans); int loop = 0; while (time.elapsed() < time_limit){ loop++; ans = best; v_to_cycle = best_v_to_cycle; // kick T diff = 0; { auto chosen = choose_k(4); sort(chosen.begin(), chosen.end()); diff = calc_double_bridge(chosen[0], chosen[1], chosen[2], chosen[3]); double_birdge(chosen[0], chosen[1], chosen[2], chosen[3]); } // // random 2-opt // for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++){ // const int a = xor_shift() % n; // const int b = xor_shift() % n; // diff += calc_two_opt_score(a, b); // two_opt_swap(a, b); // } vector Q(n); iota(Q.begin(), Q.end(), 0); // local optimization while (true){ bool updated = false; vector NQ; for (auto u: Q){ int t1 = v_to_cycle[u]; int t2 = (t1 + 1) % n; for (const auto &v: nearest[ans[t2]]){ int t3 = v_to_cycle[v]; if (dist(t1, t2) <= dist(t2, t3)) break; int t4 = (t3 - 1 + n) % n; int i, j; if (t2 <= t4) tie(i, j) = {t2, t4}; else tie(i, j) = {t3, t1}; const auto d = calc_two_opt_score(i, j); if (d < 0){ NQ.push_back(ans[(t1 - 1 + n) % n]); NQ.push_back(ans[t1]); NQ.push_back(ans[t2]); NQ.push_back(ans[(t2 + 1) % n]); NQ.push_back(ans[(t4 - 1 + n) % n]); NQ.push_back(ans[t3]); NQ.push_back(ans[t4]); NQ.push_back(ans[(t3 + 1) % n]); two_opt_swap(i, j); diff += d; updated = true; break; } } } if (!updated) break; Q = NQ; sort(Q.begin(), Q.end()); Q.erase(unique(Q.begin(), Q.end()), Q.end()); } if (diff < 0){ best = ans; best_v_to_cycle = v_to_cycle; score += diff; // cerr << score << endl; } } // cerr << "loop: " << loop << endl; // cerr << score << endl; return best; } T dist(int i, int j){ // こっちに%n押し付けたいだろ if (i < 0) i += n; if (i >= n) i -= n; if (j < 0) j += n; if (j >= n) j -= n; return D[ans[i]][ans[j]]; } T dist(int i, int j, const vector &ans){ return D[ans[i]][ans[j]]; } T calc_score(const vector &ans){ T res = 0; assert(ans.size() > 0); for (int i = 0; i < ans.size() - 1; i++) res += dist(i, i + 1, ans); res += dist(ans.size() - 1, 0, ans); return res; } T calc_two_opt_score(int i, int j){ T res = 0; if (i > j) swap(i, j); if (i == 0 and j == n - 1) return 0; res += dist((i - 1 + n) % n, j) - dist((i - 1 + n) % n, i); res += dist(i, (j + 1) % n) - dist(j, (j + 1) % n); return res; } void two_opt_swap(int i, int j){ if (i > j) swap(i, j); reverse(ans.begin() + i, ans.begin() + j + 1); for (int a = i; a <= j; a++) v_to_cycle[ans[a]] = a; } T three_opt_swap(int i, int j, int k){ assert(i < j and j < k); array d; i--; j--; k--; // バカ d[0] = dist(i, i + 1) + dist(j, j + 1) + dist(k, k + 1); d[1] = dist(i, j) + dist(i + 1, j + 1) + dist(k, k + 1); d[2] = dist(i, i + 1) + dist(j, k) + dist(j + 1, k + 1); d[3] = dist(i, j + 1) + dist(k, i + 1) + dist(j, k + 1); d[4] = dist(k + 1, i + 1) + dist(j, j + 1) + dist(k, i); i++; j++; k++; if (d[0] > d[1]){ reverse(ans.begin() + i, ans.begin() + j); return -d[0] + d[1]; } else if (d[0] > d[2]){ reverse(ans.begin() + j, ans.begin() + k); return -d[0] + d[2]; } else if (d[0] > d[4]){ reverse(ans.begin() + i, ans.begin() + k); return -d[0] + d[4]; } else if (d[0] > d[3]){ vector tmp(k - i); copy(ans.begin() + j, ans.begin() + k, tmp.begin()); copy(ans.begin() + i, ans.begin() + j, tmp.begin() + k - j); copy(tmp.begin(), tmp.end(), ans.begin() + i); return -d[0] + d[3]; } return 0; } T calc_double_bridge(int i, int j, int k, int l){ assert(i < j and j < k and k < l); T res = 0; res -= dist(i, i + 1) + dist(j, j + 1) + dist(k, k + 1) + dist(l, (l + 1) % n); res += dist(i, k + 1) + dist(j, (l + 1) % n) + dist(k, i + 1) + dist(l, j + 1); return res; } void double_birdge(int i, int j, int k, int l){ assert(i < j and j < k and k < l); assert(l < n); vector res(n); copy(ans.begin(), ans.begin() + i + 1, res.begin()); copy(ans.begin() + k + 1, ans.begin() + l + 1, res.begin() + i + 1); copy(ans.begin() + j + 1, ans.begin() + k + 1, res.begin() + i + l - k + 1); copy(ans.begin() + i + 1, ans.begin() + j + 1, res.begin() + i + l - j + 1); copy(ans.begin() + l + 1, ans.end(), res.begin() + l + 1); ans = res; for (int a = 0; a < n; a++) v_to_cycle[ans[a]] = a; } vector choose_k(int k){ const int m = A.size(); assert(k <= m); vector res(k); for (int i = 0; i < k; i++){ int r = i + xor_shift() % (m - i); swap(A[i], A[r]); res[i] = A[i]; } return res; } }; template pair, vector> k_means(vector X, vector Y, int k){ const int n = X.size(); vector C(n), cluster_size(k); for (auto &c: C){ c = xor_shift() % k; cluster_size[c]++; } vector prev_C; do { vector vx(k), vy(k); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ vx[C[i]] += X[i]; vy[C[i]] += Y[i]; } for (int i = 0; i < k; i++){ if (cluster_size[i] == 0){ vx[i] = xor_shift() % 1000; vy[i] = xor_shift() % 1000; continue; } vx[i] /= cluster_size[i]; vy[i] /= cluster_size[i]; } prev_C = C; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ T mi = (vx[0] - X[i]) * (vx[0] - X[i]) + (vy[0] - Y[i]) * (vy[0] - Y[i]); int mixi = 0; for (int j = 1; j < k; j++){ T d = (vx[j] - X[i]) * (vx[j] - X[i]) + (vy[j] - Y[i]) * (vy[j] - Y[i]); if (d < mi){ mi = d; mixi = j; } } C[i] = mixi; } fill(cluster_size.begin(), cluster_size.end(), 0); for (const auto &c: C) cluster_size[c]++; } while (C != prev_C); vector vx(k), vy(k); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ vx[C[i]] += X[i]; vy[C[i]] += Y[i]; } for (int i = 0; i < k; i++){ if (cluster_size[i] == 0) continue; vx[i] /= cluster_size[i]; vy[i] /= cluster_size[i]; } return {vx, vy}; } int n, m; vector A, B; constexpr int64_t alpha = 5; vector> calc_dist(vector vx, vector vy){ vector> D(n + m, vector(n + m)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) D[j][i] = D[i][j] = ((A[i] - A[j]) * (A[i] - A[j]) + (B[i] - B[j]) * (B[i] - B[j])) * alpha * alpha; for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) D[n + j][i] = D[i][n + j] = ((A[i] - vx[j]) * (A[i] - vx[j]) + (B[i] - vy[j]) * (B[i] - vy[j])) * alpha; } for (int i = 0; i < m; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) D[n + j][n + i] = D[n + i][n + j] = (vx[i] - vx[j]) * (vx[i] - vx[j]) + (vy[i] - vy[j]) * (vy[i] - vy[j]); } for (int k = 0; k < n + m; k++){ for (int i = 0; i < n + m; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < n + m; j++) D[i][j] = min(D[i][j], D[i][k] + D[k][j]); } } vector> res(n, vector(n)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) res[i][j] = D[i][j]; } return res; } pair> find_best_route(int start, int goal, const vector> &D){ using state = array; // d, v priority_queue, greater> Q; vector prev(n + m, -1); Q.push({0, start, start}); int dist; while (!Q.empty()){ auto [d, v, from] = Q.top(); Q.pop(); if (prev[v] != -1) continue; prev[v] = from; if (v == goal){ dist = d; break; } for (int to = 0; to < n + m; to++) Q.push({d + D[v][to], to, v}); } vector route; int cur = goal; while (cur != start){ route.push_back(cur); cur = prev[cur]; } route.push_back(start); reverse(route.begin(), route.end()); return {dist, route}; } vector> make_ans(vector tour, vector vx, vector vy){ vector> D(n + m, vector(n + m)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) D[j][i] = D[i][j] = ((A[i] - A[j]) * (A[i] - A[j]) + (B[i] - B[j]) * (B[i] - B[j])) * alpha * alpha; for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) D[n + j][i] = D[i][n + j] = ((A[i] - vx[j]) * (A[i] - vx[j]) + (B[i] - vy[j]) * (B[i] - vy[j])) * alpha; } for (int i = 0; i < m; i++){ for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) D[n + j][n + i] = D[n + i][n + j] = (vx[i] - vx[j]) * (vx[i] - vx[j]) + (vy[i] - vy[j]) * (vy[i] - vy[j]); } vector> res; int64_t d = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ auto [dist, route] = find_best_route(tour[i], tour[(i + 1) % n], D); for (const auto &r: route){ const int s = r >= n ? 2 : 1; const int to = r >= n ? r - n : r; if (res.size() > 0 and res.back() == make_pair(s, to)) continue; res.push_back({s, to}); } d += dist; } // cerr << "d: " << d << endl; return res; } int main(){ cin >> n >> m; A.resize(n); B.resize(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> A[i] >> B[i]; Time time; int64_t mi = 1e18; auto [mi_vx, mi_vy] = k_means(A, B, m); vector mi_tour; constexpr int kinbo = 25; while (time.elapsed() < 960){ auto vx = mi_vx; auto vy = mi_vy; for (int i = 0; i < m; i++){ vx[i] += xor_shift() % kinbo - kinbo / 2; vy[i] += xor_shift() % kinbo - kinbo / 2; vx[i] = min(1000, max(0, vx[i])); vy[i] = min(1000, max(0, vy[i])); } auto D = calc_dist(vx, vy); TSP tsp(D, int64_t(1e15)); auto tour = tsp.solve(1); const auto d = tsp.calc_score(tour); if (d < mi){ mi = d; mi_vx = vx; mi_vy = vy; mi_tour = tour; } } auto vx = mi_vx; auto vy = mi_vy; auto D = calc_dist(vx, vy); TSP tsp(D, int64_t(1e15)); auto tour = tsp.solve(20); const auto d = tsp.calc_score(tour); cerr << round(1e9/(1000 + sqrt(mi))) << endl; cerr << round(1e9/(1000 + sqrt(d))) << endl; mi = d; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++){ if (tour[i] == 0) rotate(tour.begin(), tour.begin() + i, tour.end()); } assert(tour[0] == 0); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) cout << vx[i] << " " << vy[i] << endl; auto ans = make_ans(tour, vx, vy); cout << ans.size() << endl; for (const auto &[a, b]: ans) cout << a << " " << b + 1 << endl; }