// clang-format off #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using ld = long double; template using V = vector; using VI = V; using VL = V; using VS = V; template using PQ = priority_queue, greater>; using G = V; template using WG = V>>; #define overload4(_1,_2,_3,_4,name,...) name #define rep1(n) for(ll i=0;i<(n);++i) #define rep2(i,n) for(ll i=0;i<(n);++i) #define rep3(i,a,b) for(ll i=(a);i<(b);++i) #define rep4(i,a,b,c) for(ll i=(a);i<(b);i+=(c)) #define rep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__,rep4,rep3,rep2,rep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rrep1(n) for(ll i=n;i>0;--i) #define rrep2(i,n) for(ll i=n;i>0;--i) #define rrep3(i,a,b) for(ll i=b;i>a;--i) #define rrep4(i,a,b,c) for(ll i=(a)+((b)-(a)-1)/(c)*(c);i>=(a);i-=c) #define rrep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__,rrep4,rrep3,rrep2,rrep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define all(a) a.begin(),a.end() #define rall(a) a.rbegin(),a.rend() #define inside(h,w,y,x) (unsigned(y) inline bool chmax(T& a, const T& b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; }return false; } template inline bool chmin(T& a, const T& b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; }return false; } inline void init() { cin.tie(nullptr); cout.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(15); } template inline istream& operator>>(istream& is, V& v) { for (auto& a : v)is >> a; return is; } template inline istream& operator>>(istream& is, pair& p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } template inline V vec(size_t a) { return V(a); } template inline V defvec(T def, size_t a) { return V(a, def); } template inline auto vec(size_t a, Ts... ts) { return V(ts...))>(a, vec(ts...)); } template inline auto defvec(T def, size_t a, Ts... ts) { return V(def, ts...))>(a, defvec(def, ts...)); } template inline void print(const T& a) { cout << a << "\n"; } template inline void print(const T& a, const Ts&... ts) { cout << a << " "; print(ts...); } template inline void print(const V& v) { for (int i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i)cout << v[i] << (i == v.size() - 1 ? "\n" : " "); } template inline void print(const V>& v) { for (auto& a : v)print(a); } template inline constexpr const T cum(const V& a, int l, int r) { return 0 <= l && l <= r && r < a.size() ? a[r] - (l == 0 ? 0 : a[l - 1]) : 0; }//[l,r] template inline constexpr const auto min(const T& v) { return *min_element(all(v)); } template inline constexpr const auto max(const T& v) { return *max_element(all(v)); } template inline V& operator++(V& v) { for (T& a : v)++a; return v; } template inline V& operator--(V& v) { for (T& a : v)--a; return v; } // clang-format on #include using mint = atcoder::modint998244353; int main() { init(); int n; cin >> n; G g(n); rep(i, n - 1) { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; --a, --b; g[a].push_back(b); g[b].push_back(a); } auto DP = defvec(-1, n, 2); auto solve = [&](auto&& f, int cur, int par, bool cut) -> mint { if (DP[cur][cut] != -1) return DP[cur][cut]; int& ans = DP[cur][cut]; int m = g[cur].size(); rep(i, m) if (g[cur][i] == par) { swap(g[cur][i], g[cur][m - 1]); g[cur].pop_back(); break; } m = g[cur].size(); if (m == 0) { if (cut) return ans = 0; else return ans = 1; } auto dp = vec(m, 2); rep(i, m) { int to = g[cur][i]; dp[i][1] = f(f, to, cur, true); dp[i][0] = f(f, to, cur, false); } auto ldp = dp, rdp = ldp; rep(i, m - 1) ldp[i + 1][1] *= ldp[i][1]; rrep(i, 0, m - 1) rdp[i - 1][1] *= rdp[i][1]; mint res = 0; if (!cut) res += rdp[0][1]; rep(i, m) { mint tmp = dp[i][0]; if (i - 1 >= 0) tmp *= ldp[i - 1][1]; if (i + 1 < m) tmp *= rdp[i + 1][1]; res += tmp; } if (cut) { mint acc0 = 1, acc1 = 0; rep(i, m) { res += acc1 * dp[i][0] * (i + 1 < m ? rdp[i + 1][1] : 1); acc1 = acc1 * dp[i][1] + acc0 * dp[i][0]; acc0 *= dp[i][1]; } } ans = res.val(); return res; }; print(solve(solve, 0, -1, true).val()); return 0; }