fn calc(val: usize) -> usize {
    let cnt = (val as f64).sqrt().floor() as usize;
    let cnt = cnt + (val as f64 / 2.).sqrt().floor() as usize;
    cnt
} 

fn solve() -> usize {
    let mut lr = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut lr).ok();
    let lr: Vec<usize> = lr.trim().split_whitespace().map(|s| s.parse().unwrap()).collect();
    let l = lr[0];
    let r = lr[1];
    (calc(r) - calc(l-1)) % 2
}

fn main() {
    let mut t = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut t).ok();
    let t: usize = t.trim().parse().unwrap();

    let mut result = Vec::with_capacity(t);
    for _ in 0..t {
        result.push(solve());
    }
    for &v in result.iter() {
        println!("{}", v);
    }
    /*
    for i in 1..=100 {
        let mut factorsum = 0usize;
        for j in 1..=i {
            if i % j == 0 {
                factorsum += j;
            }
        }
        println!("{} {}", i, factorsum % 2);
    }
     */
}