#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

using uint = unsigned int;
using ll = long long;

#define UNTIE ios_base::sync_with_stdio( false ); cin.tie( nullptr ) 
#define CIN( LL , A ) LL A; cin >> A 
#define GETLINE( A ) string A; getline( cin , A ) 
#define GETLINE_SEPARATE( A , SEPARATOR ) string A; getline( cin , A , SEPARATOR ) 
#define FOR( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) for( remove_const<remove_reference<decltype( FINAL_PLUS_ONE )>::type >::type VAR = INITIAL ; VAR < FINAL_PLUS_ONE ; VAR ++ ) 
#define FOREQ( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( remove_const<remove_reference<decltype( FINAL )>::type >::type VAR = INITIAL ; VAR <= FINAL ; VAR ++ )  
#define FOR_ITR( ARRAY , ITR , END ) for( auto ITR = ARRAY .begin() , END = ARRAY .end() ; ITR != END ; ITR ++ ) 
#define REPEAT( HOW_MANY_TIMES ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT , 0 , HOW_MANY_TIMES ) 
#define QUIT return 0 
#define RETURN( ANSWER ) cout << ( ANSWER ) << "\n"; QUIT 
#define DOUBLE( PRECISION , ANSWER ) cout << fixed << setprecision( PRECISION ) << ( ANSWER ) << "\n"; QUIT 
#define MIN( A , B ) ( A < B ? A : B )
#define MAX( A , B ) ( A < B ? B : A )

template <typename T> inline T Absolute( const T& a ){ return a > 0 ? a : - a; }

int main()
{
  UNTIE;
  CIN( int , T );
  int X;
  int A;
  int A_r;
  int K;
  int answer0;
  int answer1;
  REPEAT( T ){
    cin >> X >> A;
    if( X == 0 ){
      cout << A << "\n";
    } else if( X == 1 ){
      cout << 2 * A << "\n";
    } else {
      K = 0;
      while( K * K < X ){
	K++;
      }
      K--;
      A_r = A % K;
      answer0 = A / K * ( K * K + X ) + ( A_r == 0 ? 0 : A_r * A_r + X );
      K++;
      A_r = A % K;
      answer1 = A / K * ( K * K + X ) + ( A_r == 0 ? 0 : A_r * A_r + X );
      cout << MIN( answer0 , answer1 ) << "\n";
    }
  }
  QUIT;
}