#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <cassert> using namespace std; #define MAIN main #define TYPE_OF( VAR ) remove_const<remove_reference<decltype( VAR )>::type >::type #define UNTIE ios_base::sync_with_stdio( false ); cin.tie( nullptr ) #define CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE ) constexpr const LL BOUND = VALUE #define CIN( LL , A ) LL A; cin >> A #define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) assert( MIN <= A && A <= MAX ) #define CIN_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) CIN( TYPE_OF( MAX ) , A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) #define FOREQINV( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( TYPE_OF( INITIAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR >= FINAL ; VAR -- ) #define QUIT return 0 #define RETURN( ANSWER ) cout << ( ANSWER ) << "\n"; QUIT int g( const string& H ) { CEXPR( int , length , 100000 ); int size = H.size(); ASSERT( size , 2 , length ); static const string L = "("; int count_mex = 0; bool exceptional = false; int count_mex_exceptional = 0; int height = 0; FOREQINV( i , size - 1 , 0 ){ if( H.substr( i , 1 ) == L ){ height--; if( height == -1 ){ break; } else if( height > 0 ? H.substr( i - 1 , 1 ) == L : false ){ exceptional = true; height--; i--; while( height > 0 && i > 0 ? H.substr( i - 1 , 1 ) == L : false ){ count_mex_exceptional++; height--; i--; } break; } else { if( height > 0 ){ height = 1; } count_mex++; } } else { height++; } } if( exceptional ){ if( count_mex == 0 ){ return count_mex_exceptional % 2 == 0 ? 2 : 3; } else { return count_mex % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 0; } } return count_mex % 2 == 0 ? 0 : 1; } int MAIN() { UNTIE; CIN( string , H ); RETURN( g( H ) == 0 ? 1 : 0 ); }