#line 1 "test.cpp" //#pragma GCC target("avx2") //#pragma GCC optimize("O3") //#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include using namespace std; #ifdef LOCAL #include #define debug(...) debug_print::multi_print(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__) #else #define debug(...) (static_cast(0)) #endif using ll = long long; using ld = long double; using pll = pair; using pii = pair; using vi = vector; using vvi = vector; using vvvi = vector; using vl = vector; using vvl = vector; using vvvl = vector; using vpii = vector; using vpll = vector; using vs = vector; template using pq = priority_queue,greater>; #define overload4(_1, _2, _3, _4, name, ...) name #define overload3(a,b,c,name,...) name #define rep1(n) for (ll UNUSED_NUMBER = 0; UNUSED_NUMBER < (n); ++UNUSED_NUMBER) #define rep2(i, n) for (ll i = 0; i < (n); ++i) #define rep3(i, a, b) for (ll i = (a); i < (b); ++i) #define rep4(i, a, b, c) for (ll i = (a); i < (b); i += (c)) #define rep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, rep4, rep3, rep2, rep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rrep1(n) for(ll i = (n) - 1;i >= 0;i--) #define rrep2(i,n) for(ll i = (n) - 1;i >= 0;i--) #define rrep3(i,a,b) for(ll i = (b) - 1;i >= (a);i--) #define rrep4(i,a,b,c) for(ll i = (a) + ((b)-(a)-1) / (c) * (c);i >= (a);i -= c) #define rrep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, rrep4, rrep3, rrep2, rrep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define all1(i) begin(i),end(i) #define all2(i,a) begin(i),begin(i)+a #define all3(i,a,b) begin(i)+a,begin(i)+b #define all(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, all3, all2, all1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define sum(...) accumulate(all(__VA_ARGS__),0LL) template bool chmin(T &a, const T &b){ if(a > b){ a = b; return 1; } else return 0; } template bool chmax(T &a, const T &b){ if(a < b){ a = b; return 1; } else return 0; } template auto min(const T& a){ return *min_element(all(a)); } template auto max(const T& a){ return *max_element(all(a)); } template void in(Ts&... t); #define INT(...) int __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) string __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define CHR(...) char __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define DBL(...) double __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define LD(...) ld __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(type, name, size) vector name(size); in(name) #define VV(type, name, h, w) vector> name(h, vector(w)); in(name) ll intpow(ll a, ll b){ ll ans = 1; while(b){if(b & 1) ans *= a; a *= a; b /= 2;} return ans;} ll modpow(ll a, ll b, ll p){ ll ans = 1; a %= p;while(b){ if(b & 1) (ans *= a) %= p; (a *= a) %= p; b /= 2; } return ans; } ll GCD(ll a,ll b) { if(a == 0 || b == 0) return a + b; if(a % b == 0) return b; else return GCD(b,a%b);} ll LCM(ll a,ll b) { if(a == 0) return b; if(b == 0) return a;return a / GCD(a,b) * b;} namespace IO{ #define VOID(a) decltype(void(a)) struct setting{ setting(){cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false);fixed(cout); cout.precision(12);}} setting; template struct P : P{}; template<> struct P<0>{}; template void i(T& t){ i(t, P<3>{}); } void i(vector::reference t, P<3>){ int a; i(a); t = a; } template auto i(T& t, P<2>) -> VOID(cin >> t){ cin >> t; } template auto i(T& t, P<1>) -> VOID(begin(t)){ for(auto&& x : t) i(x); } template void ituple(T& t, index_sequence){ in(get(t)...);} template auto i(T& t, P<0>) -> VOID(tuple_size{}){ ituple(t, make_index_sequence::value>{});} #undef VOID } #define unpack(a) (void)initializer_list{(a, 0)...} template void in(Ts&... t){ unpack(IO :: i(t)); } #undef unpack //constexpr int mod = 1000000007; constexpr int mod = 998244353; static const double PI = 3.1415926535897932; template struct REC { F f; REC(F &&f_) : f(forward(f_)) {} template auto operator()(Args &&...args) const { return f(*this, forward(args)...); }}; #line 2 "library/modint/LazyMontgomeryModint.hpp" template struct LazyMontgomeryModInt { using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt; using i32 = int32_t; using u32 = uint32_t; using u64 = uint64_t; static constexpr u32 get_r() { u32 ret = mod; for (i32 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret; return ret; } static constexpr u32 r = get_r(); static constexpr u32 n2 = -u64(mod) % mod; static_assert(r * mod == 1); static_assert(mod < (1 << 30)); static_assert((mod & 1) == 1); u32 a; constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt() : a(0) {} constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt(const int64_t &b) : a(reduce(u64(b % mod + mod) * n2)){}; static constexpr u32 reduce(const u64 &b) { return (b + u64(u32(b) * u32(-r)) * mod) >> 32; } constexpr mint &operator+=(const mint &b) { if (i32(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } constexpr mint &operator-=(const mint &b) { if (i32(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } constexpr mint &operator*=(const mint &b) { a = reduce(u64(a) * b.a); return *this; } constexpr mint &operator/=(const mint &b) { *this *= b.inverse(); return *this; } constexpr mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; } constexpr mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; } constexpr mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; } constexpr mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; } constexpr bool operator==(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } constexpr bool operator!=(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } constexpr mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); } constexpr mint pow(u64 n) const { mint ret(1), mul(*this); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } constexpr mint inverse() const { return pow(mod - 2); } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) { return os << b.get(); } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) { int64_t t; is >> t; b = LazyMontgomeryModInt(t); return (is); } constexpr u32 get() const { u32 ret = reduce(a); return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret; } static constexpr u32 get_mod() { return mod; } }; #line 86 "test.cpp" using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt; using vm = vector; using vvm = vector; using vvvm = vector; #line 2 "library/ntt/ntt.hpp" template struct NTT{ static constexpr uint32_t get_pr() { uint32_t _mod = mint::get_mod(); using u64 = uint64_t; u64 ds[32] = {}; int idx = 0; u64 m = _mod - 1; for(u64 i = 2;i * i <= m; ++i) { if(m % i == 0) { ds[idx++] = i; while(m % i == 0) m /= i; } } if (m != 1) ds[idx++] = m; uint32_t _pr = 2; while(1) { int flg = 1; for(int i = 0;i < idx; ++i) { u64 a = _pr, b = (_mod - 1) / ds[i],r = 1; while(b) { if(b & 1) r = r * a % _mod; a = a * a % _mod; b >>= 1; } if(r == 1) { flg = 0; break; } } if (flg == 1) break; ++_pr; } return _pr; }; static constexpr uint32_t mod = mint::get_mod(); static constexpr uint32_t pr = get_pr(); static constexpr int level = __builtin_ctzll(mod - 1); mint dw[level], dy[level]; void setwy(int k) { mint w[level],y[level]; w[k - 1] = mint(pr).pow((mod - 1) / (1 << k)); y[k - 1] = w[k - 1].inverse(); for(int i = k - 2;i > 0; --i) w[i] = w[i+1] * w[i+1],y[i] = y[i+1] * y[i+1]; dw[1] = w[1], dy[1] = y[1], dw[2] = w[2], dy[2] = y[2]; for(int i = 3;i < k;++i) { dw[i] = dw[i-1] * y[i-2] * w[i]; dy[i] = dy[i-1] * w[i-2] * y[i]; } } NTT() {setwy(level);} void fft4(vector &a,int k) { if((int)a.size() <= 1) return; if(k == 1) { mint a1 = a[1]; a[1] = a[0] - a[1]; a[0] = a[0] + a1; return; } if (k & 1) { int v = 1 << (k - 1); for(int j = 0;j < v; ++j) { mint ajv = a[j + v]; a[j + v] = a[j] - ajv; a[j] += ajv; } } int u = 1 << (2 + (k & 1)); int v = 1 << (k - 2 - (k & 1)); mint one = mint(1); mint imag = dw[1]; while(v) { { int j0 = 0,j1 = v; int j2 = j1 + v; int j3 = j2 + v; for(;j0 < v; ++j0,++j1,++j2,++j3) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1],t2 = a[j2],t3 = a[j3]; mint t0p2 = t0 + t2,t1p3 = t1 + t3; mint t0m2 = t0 - t2,t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag; a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j1] = t0p2 - t1p3; a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j3] = t0m2 - t1m3; } } mint ww = one,xx = one * dw[2],wx = one; for(int jh = 4;jh < u;) { ww = xx * xx,wx = ww * xx; int j0 = jh * v; int je = j0 + v; int j2 = je + v; for(;j0 < je;++j0,++j2) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v] * xx, t2 = a[j2] * ww,t3 = a[j2 + v] * wx; mint t0p2 = t0 + t2,t1p3 = t1 + t3; mint t0m2 = t0 - t2,t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag; a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j0 + v] = t0p2 - t1p3; a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j2 + v] = t0m2 - t1m3; } xx *= dw[__builtin_ctzll((jh += 4))]; } u <<= 2; v >>= 2; } } void ifft4(vector &a,int k) { if((int)a.size() <= 1) return; if(k == 1) { mint a1 = a[1]; a[1] = a[0] - a[1]; a[0] = a[0] + a1; return; } int u = 1 << (k - 2); int v = 1; mint one = mint(1); mint imag = dy[1]; while(u) { { int j0 = 0,j1 = v; int j2 = j1 + v; int j3 = j2 + v; for(;j0 < v;++j0,++j1,++j2,++j3) { mint t0 = a[j0],t1 = a[j1],t2 = a[j2],t3 = a[j3]; mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3; mint t0m1 = t0 - t1, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * imag; a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = t0p1 - t2p3; a[j1] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j3] = t0m1 - t2m3; } } mint ww = one,xx = one * dy[2],yy = one; u <<= 2; for(int jh = 4;jh < u;) { ww = xx * xx,yy = xx * imag; int j0 = jh * v; int je = j0 + v; int j2 = je + v; for(;j0 < je;++j0,++j2) { mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j2 + v]; mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3; mint t0m1 = (t0 - t1) * xx, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * yy; a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = (t0p1 - t2p3) * ww; a[j0 + v] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j2 + v] = (t0m1 - t2m3) * ww; } xx *= dy[__builtin_ctzll(jh += 4)]; } u >>= 4; v <<= 2; } if(k & 1) { u = 1 << (k - 1); for(int j = 0;j < u;++j) { mint ajv = a[j] - a[j+u]; a[j] += a[j+u]; a[j+u] = ajv; } } } void ntt(vector &a) { if((int)a.size() <= 1) return; fft4(a,__builtin_ctz(a.size())); } void intt(vector &a) { if((int)a.size() <= 1) return; ifft4(a,__builtin_ctz(a.size())); mint iv = mint(a.size()).inverse(); for(auto &x:a) x *= iv; } vector multiply(const vector &a,const vector &b) { int l = a.size() + b.size() - 1; if(min(a.size(),b.size()) <= 40) { vector s(l); for(int i = 0;i < (int)a.size();++i) for(int j = 0;j < (int)b.size();++j) s[i+j] += a[i] * b[j]; return s; } int k = 2, M = 4; while(M < l) M <<= 1, ++k; //setwy(k); vector s(M), t(M); for(int i = 0;i < (int)a.size();++i) s[i] = a[i]; for(int i = 0;i < (int)b.size();++i) t[i] = b[i]; fft4(s,k); fft4(t,k); for(int i = 0;i < M;++i) s[i] *= t[i]; ifft4(s,k); s.resize(l); mint invm = mint(M).inverse(); for(int i = 0;i < l;++i) s[i] *= invm; return s; } void ntt_doubling(vector &a) { int M = (int)a.size(); auto b = a; intt(b); mint r = 1, zeta = mint(pr).pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (M << 1)); for(int i = 0;i < M;++i) b[i] *= r,r *= zeta; ntt(b); copy(begin(b),end(b),back_inserter(a)); } }; #line 91 "test.cpp" #line 2 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp" template struct FormalPowerSeries : vector { using vector::vector; using FPS = FormalPowerSeries; FPS &operator+=(const FPS &r) { if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i]; return *this; } FPS &operator+=(const mint &r) { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] += r; return *this; } FPS &operator-=(const FPS &r) { if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i]; return *this; } FPS &operator-=(const mint &r) { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] -= r; return *this; } FPS &operator*=(const mint &v) { for (int k = 0; k < (int)this->size(); k++) (*this)[k] *= v; return *this; } FPS &operator/=(const FPS &r) { if (this->size() < r.size()) { this->clear(); return *this; } int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1; if ((int)r.size() <= 64) { FPS f(*this), g(r); g.shrink(); mint coeff = g.back().inverse(); for (auto &x : g) x *= coeff; int deg = (int)f.size() - (int)g.size() + 1; int gs = g.size(); FPS quo(deg); for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) { quo[i] = f[i + gs - 1]; for (int j = 0; j < gs; j++) f[i + j] -= quo[i] * g[j]; } *this = quo * coeff; this->resize(n, mint(0)); return *this; } return *this = ((*this).rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev(); } FPS &operator%=(const FPS &r) { *this -= *this / r * r; shrink(); return *this; } FPS operator+(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; } FPS operator+(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; } FPS operator-(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; } FPS operator-(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; } FPS operator*(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; } FPS operator*(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; } FPS operator/(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; } FPS operator%(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; } FPS operator-() const { FPS ret(this->size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i]; return ret; } void shrink() { while (this->size() && this->back() == mint(0)) this->pop_back(); } FPS rev() const { FPS ret(*this); reverse(begin(ret), end(ret)); return ret; } FPS dot(FPS r) const { FPS ret(min(this->size(), r.size())); for (int i = 0; i < (int)ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i]; return ret; } FPS pre(int sz) const { return FPS(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), sz)); } FPS operator>>(int sz) const { if ((int)this->size() <= sz) return {}; FPS ret(*this); ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz); return ret; } FPS operator<<(int sz) const { FPS ret(*this); ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, mint(0)); return ret; } FPS diff() const { const int n = (int)this->size(); FPS ret(max(0, n - 1)); mint one(1), coeff(1); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * coeff; coeff += one; } return ret; } FPS integral() const { const int n = (int)this->size(); FPS ret(n + 1); ret[0] = mint(0); if (n > 0) ret[1] = mint(1); auto mod = mint::get_mod(); for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ret[i] = (-ret[mod % i]) * (mod / i); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] *= (*this)[i]; return ret; } mint eval(mint x) const { mint r = 0, w = 1; for (auto &v : *this) r += w * v, w *= x; return r; } FPS log(int deg = -1) const { assert((*this)[0] == mint(1)); if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size(); return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral(); } FPS pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const { const int n = (int)this->size(); if (deg == -1) deg = n; if (k == 0) { FPS ret(deg); if (deg) ret[0] = 1; return ret; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if ((*this)[i] != mint(0)) { mint rev = mint(1) / (*this)[i]; FPS ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg); ret *= (*this)[i].pow(k); ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg); if ((int)ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, mint(0)); return ret; } if (__int128_t(i + 1) * k >= deg) return FPS(deg, mint(0)); } return FPS(deg, mint(0)); } static void *ntt_ptr; static void set_fft(); FPS &operator*=(const FPS &r); void ntt(); void intt(); void ntt_doubling(); static int ntt_pr(); FPS inv(int deg = -1) const; FPS exp(int deg = -1) const; }; template void *FormalPowerSeries::ntt_ptr = nullptr; /** * @brief 多項式/形式的冪級数ライブラリ * @docs docs/fps/formal-power-series.md */ #line 2 "modulo/binomial.hpp" template struct Binomial { vector f, g, h; Binomial(int MAX = 0) { assert(T::get_mod() != 0 && "Binomial()"); f.resize(1, T{1}); g.resize(1, T{1}); h.resize(1, T{1}); while (MAX >= (int)f.size()) extend(); } void extend() { int n = f.size(); int m = n * 2; f.resize(m); g.resize(m); h.resize(m); for (int i = n; i < m; i++) f[i] = f[i - 1] * T(i); g[m - 1] = f[m - 1].inverse(); h[m - 1] = g[m - 1] * f[m - 2]; for (int i = m - 2; i >= n; i--) { g[i] = g[i + 1] * T(i + 1); h[i] = g[i] * f[i - 1]; } } T fac(int i) { if (i < 0) return T(0); while (i >= (int)f.size()) extend(); return f[i]; } T finv(int i) { if (i < 0) return T(0); while (i >= (int)g.size()) extend(); return g[i]; } T inv(int i) { if (i < 0) return -inv(-i); while (i >= (int)h.size()) extend(); return h[i]; } T C(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); return fac(n) * finv(n - r) * finv(r); } inline T operator()(int n, int r) { return C(n, r); } template T multinomial(const vector& r) { static_assert(is_integral::value == true); int n = 0; for (auto& x : r) { if (x < 0) return T(0); n += x; } T res = fac(n); for (auto& x : r) res *= finv(x); return res; } template T operator()(const vector& r) { return multinomial(r); } T C_naive(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); T ret = T(1); r = min(r, n - r); for (int i = 1; i <= r; ++i) ret *= inv(i) * (n--); return ret; } T P(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); return fac(n) * finv(n - r); } T H(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || r < 0) return T(0); return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r); } }; #line 4 "fps/taylor-shift.hpp" // calculate F(x + a) template FormalPowerSeries TaylorShift(FormalPowerSeries f, mint a, Binomial& C) { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; int N = f.size(); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) f[i] *= C.fac(i); reverse(begin(f), end(f)); fps g(N, mint(1)); for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) g[i] = g[i - 1] * a * C.inv(i); f = (f * g).pre(N); reverse(begin(f), end(f)); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) f[i] *= C.finv(i); return f; } template void FormalPowerSeries::set_fft() { if(!ntt_ptr) ntt_ptr = new NTT; } template FormalPowerSeries &FormalPowerSeries::operator*=(const FormalPowerSeries &r){ if(this->empty() || r.empty()) { this->clear(); return *this; } set_fft(); auto ret = static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->multiply(*this,r); return *this = FormalPowerSeries(ret.begin(),ret.end()); } template void FormalPowerSeries::ntt() { set_fft(); static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->ntt(*this); } template void FormalPowerSeries::intt() { set_fft(); static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->intt(*this); } template void FormalPowerSeries::ntt_doubling() { set_fft(); static_cast*>(ntt_ptr)->ntt_doubling(*this); } template int FormalPowerSeries::ntt_pr() { set_fft(); return static_cast*>(ntt_pr)->pr; } template FormalPowerSeries FormalPowerSeries::inv(int deg) const { assert((*this)[0] != mint(0)); if(deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size(); FormalPowerSeries res(deg); res[0] = {mint(1)/(*this)[0]}; for(int d = 1;d < deg;d <<= 1) { FormalPowerSeries f(2*d),g(2*d); for(int j = 0;j < min((int)this->size(),2*d);j++) f[j] = (*this)[j]; for(int j = 0;j < d;j++) g[j] = res[j]; f.ntt(); g.ntt(); for(int j = 0;j < 2 * d;j++) f[j] *= g[j]; f.intt(); for(int j = 0;j < d;j++) f[j] = 0; f.ntt(); for(int j = 0;j < 2 * d;j++) f[j] *= g[j]; f.intt(); for(int j = d;j < min(2 * d,deg);j++) res[j] = -f[j]; } return res.pre(deg); } template FormalPowerSeries FormalPowerSeries::exp(int deg) const { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; assert((*this).size() == 0 || (*this)[0] == mint(0)); if(deg == -1) deg = this->size(); fps inv; inv.reserve(deg + 1); inv.push_back(mint(0)); inv.push_back(mint(1)); auto inplace_integral = [&](fps &F) -> void { const int n = (int)F.size(); auto MOD = mint::get_mod(); while((int)inv.size() <= n) { int i = inv.size(); inv.push_back((-inv[MOD%i]) * (MOD/i)); } F.insert(begin(F),mint(0)); for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++) F[i] *= inv[i]; }; auto inplace_diff = [](fps &F) -> void { if(F.empty()) return; F.erase(begin(F)); mint coeff = 1,one = 1; for(int i = 0;i < (int)F.size();i++) { F[i] *= coeff; coeff += one; } }; fps b{1,1 < (int)this->size() ? (*this)[1]:0},c{1},z1,z2{1,1}; for(int m = 2;m < deg;m *= 2) { auto y = b; y.resize(2*m); y.ntt(); z1 = z2; fps z(m); for(int i = 0;i < m;++i) z[i] = y[i] * z1[i]; z.intt(); fill(begin(z),begin(z)+m/2,mint(0)); z.ntt(); for(int i = 0;i < m;++i) z[i] *= -z1[i]; z.intt(); c.insert(end(c),begin(z)+m/2,end(z)); z2 = c; z2.resize(2*m); z2.ntt(); fps x(begin(*this),begin(*this)+min(this->size(),m)); x.resize(m); inplace_diff(x); x.push_back(mint(0)); x.ntt(); for(int i = 0;i < m;++i) x[i] *= y[i]; x.intt(); x -= b.diff(); x.resize(2*m); for(int i = 0;i < m - 1;++i) x[m+i] = x[i],x[i] = mint(0); x.ntt(); for(int i = 0;i < 2 * m;++i) x[i] *= z2[i]; x.intt(); x.pop_back(); inplace_integral(x); for(int i = m;i < min(this->size(),2*m);++i) x[i] += (*this)[i]; fill(begin(x),begin(x)+m,mint(0)); x.ntt(); for(int i = 0;i < 2 * m;++i) x[i] *= y[i]; x.intt(); b.insert(end(b),begin(x)+m,end(x)); } return fps{begin(b),begin(b)+deg}; } /** * @brief 平行移動 * @docs docs/fps/fps-taylor-shift.md */ #line 5 "fps/fps-famous-series.hpp" template FormalPowerSeries Stirling1st(int N, Binomial &C) { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; if (N <= 0) return fps{1}; int lg = 31 - __builtin_clz(N); fps f = {0, 1}; for (int i = lg - 1; i >= 0; i--) { int n = N >> i; f *= TaylorShift(f, mint(n >> 1), C); if (n & 1) f = (f << 1) + f * (n - 1); } return f; } template FormalPowerSeries Stirling2nd(int N, Binomial &C) { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; fps f(N + 1), g(N + 1); for (int i = 0; i <= N; i++) { f[i] = mint(i).pow(N) * C.finv(i); g[i] = (i & 1) ? -C.finv(i) : C.finv(i); } return (f * g).pre(N + 1); } template FormalPowerSeries BernoulliEGF(int N, Binomial &C) { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; fps f(N + 1); for (int i = 0; i <= N; i++) f[i] = C.finv(i + 1); return f.inv(N + 1); } template FormalPowerSeries Partition(int N, Binomial &C) { using fps = FormalPowerSeries; fps f(N + 1); f[0] = 1; for (int k = 1; k <= N; k++) { long long k1 = 1LL * k * (3 * k + 1) / 2; long long k2 = 1LL * k * (3 * k - 1) / 2; if (k2 > N) break; if (k1 <= N) f[k1] += ((k & 1) ? -1 : 1); if (k2 <= N) f[k2] += ((k & 1) ? -1 : 1); } return f.inv(); } template vector Montmort(int N) { if (N <= 1) return {0}; if (N == 2) return {0, 1}; vector f(N); f[0] = 0, f[1] = 1; mint coeff = 2, one = 1; for (int i = 2; i < N; i++) { f[i] = (f[i - 1] + f[i - 2]) * coeff; coeff += one; } return f; }; /** * @brief 有名な数列 */ Binomial C; int main() { INT(n); mint ans; auto s1 = Stirling1st(n,C); rep(i,1,n+1) ans += s1[i] * i * i * i; cout << ans << '\n'; }