#include #ifdef _MSC_VER # include #else # include #endif #include #include namespace suisen { // ! utility template using constraints_t = std::enable_if_t, std::nullptr_t>; template constexpr decltype(auto) constexpr_if(Then&& then, OrElse&& or_else) { if constexpr (cond_v) { return std::forward(then); } else { return std::forward(or_else); } } // ! function template using is_same_as_invoke_result = std::is_same, ReturnType>; template using is_uni_op = is_same_as_invoke_result; template using is_bin_op = is_same_as_invoke_result; template using is_comparator = std::is_same, bool>; // ! integral template >> constexpr int bit_num = std::numeric_limits>::digits; template struct is_nbit { static constexpr bool value = bit_num == n; }; template static constexpr bool is_nbit_v = is_nbit::value; // ? template struct safely_multipliable {}; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = long long; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = __int128_t; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = unsigned long long; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = __uint128_t; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = __uint128_t; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = float; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = double; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = long double; }; template using safely_multipliable_t = typename safely_multipliable::type; template struct rec_value_type { using type = T; }; template struct rec_value_type> { using type = typename rec_value_type::type; }; template using rec_value_type_t = typename rec_value_type::type; } // namespace suisen // ! type aliases using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; template using pq_greater = std::priority_queue, std::greater>; // ! macros (internal) #define DETAIL_OVERLOAD2(_1,_2,name,...) name #define DETAIL_OVERLOAD3(_1,_2,_3,name,...) name #define DETAIL_OVERLOAD4(_1,_2,_3,_4,name,...) name #define DETAIL_REP4(i,l,r,s) for(std::remove_reference_t>i=(l);i<(r);i+=(s)) #define DETAIL_REP3(i,l,r) DETAIL_REP4(i,l,r,1) #define DETAIL_REP2(i,n) DETAIL_REP3(i,0,n) #define DETAIL_REPINF3(i,l,s) for(std::remove_reference_t>i=(l);;i+=(s)) #define DETAIL_REPINF2(i,l) DETAIL_REPINF3(i,l,1) #define DETAIL_REPINF1(i) DETAIL_REPINF2(i,0) #define DETAIL_RREP4(i,l,r,s) for(std::remove_reference_t>i=(l)+fld((r)-(l)-1,s)*(s);i>=(l);i-=(s)) #define DETAIL_RREP3(i,l,r) DETAIL_RREP4(i,l,r,1) #define DETAIL_RREP2(i,n) DETAIL_RREP3(i,0,n) #define DETAIL_CAT_I(a, b) a##b #define DETAIL_CAT(a, b) DETAIL_CAT_I(a, b) #define DETAIL_UNIQVAR(tag) DETAIL_CAT(tag, __LINE__) // ! macros #define REP(...) DETAIL_OVERLOAD4(__VA_ARGS__, DETAIL_REP4 , DETAIL_REP3 , DETAIL_REP2 )(__VA_ARGS__) #define RREP(...) DETAIL_OVERLOAD4(__VA_ARGS__, DETAIL_RREP4 , DETAIL_RREP3 , DETAIL_RREP2 )(__VA_ARGS__) #define REPINF(...) DETAIL_OVERLOAD3(__VA_ARGS__, DETAIL_REPINF3, DETAIL_REPINF2, DETAIL_REPINF1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define LOOP(n) for (std::remove_reference_t> DETAIL_UNIQVAR(loop_variable) = n; DETAIL_UNIQVAR(loop_variable) --> 0;) #define ALL(iterable) std::begin(iterable), std::end(iterable) #define INPUT(type, ...) type __VA_ARGS__; read(__VA_ARGS__) // ! debug #ifdef LOCAL # define debug(...) debug_internal(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__) template void debug_internal(const char* s, T&& first, Args&&... args) { constexpr const char* prefix = "[\033[32mDEBUG\033[m] "; constexpr const char* open_brakets = sizeof...(args) == 0 ? "" : "("; constexpr const char* close_brakets = sizeof...(args) == 0 ? "" : ")"; std::cerr << prefix << open_brakets << s << close_brakets << ": " << open_brakets << std::forward(first); ((std::cerr << ", " << std::forward(args)), ...); std::cerr << close_brakets << "\n"; } #else # define debug(...) void(0) #endif // ! I/O utilities // __int128_t std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& dest, __int128_t value) { std::ostream::sentry s(dest); if (s) { __uint128_t tmp = value < 0 ? -value : value; char buffer[128]; char* d = std::end(buffer); do { --d; *d = "0123456789"[tmp % 10]; tmp /= 10; } while (tmp != 0); if (value < 0) { --d; *d = '-'; } int len = std::end(buffer) - d; if (dest.rdbuf()->sputn(d, len) != len) { dest.setstate(std::ios_base::badbit); } } return dest; } // __uint128_t std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& dest, __uint128_t value) { std::ostream::sentry s(dest); if (s) { char buffer[128]; char* d = std::end(buffer); do { --d; *d = "0123456789"[value % 10]; value /= 10; } while (value != 0); int len = std::end(buffer) - d; if (dest.rdbuf()->sputn(d, len) != len) { dest.setstate(std::ios_base::badbit); } } return dest; } // pair template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::pair& a) { return out << a.first << ' ' << a.second; } // tuple template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::tuple& a) { if constexpr (N >= std::tuple_size_v>) return out; else { out << std::get(a); if constexpr (N + 1 < std::tuple_size_v>) out << ' '; return operator<<(out, a); } } // vector template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::vector& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end();) { out << *it; if (++it != a.end()) out << ' '; } return out; } // array template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::array& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end();) { out << *it; if (++it != a.end()) out << ' '; } return out; } inline void print() { std::cout << '\n'; } template inline void print(const Head& head, const Tail &...tails) { std::cout << head; if (sizeof...(tails)) std::cout << ' '; print(tails...); } template auto print_all(const Iterable& v, std::string sep = " ", std::string end = "\n") -> decltype(std::cout << *v.begin(), void()) { for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end();) { std::cout << *it; if (++it != v.end()) std::cout << sep; } std::cout << end; } __int128_t stoi128(const std::string& s) { __int128_t ret = 0; for (int i = 0; i < int(s.size()); i++) if ('0' <= s[i] and s[i] <= '9') ret = 10 * ret + s[i] - '0'; if (s[0] == '-') ret = -ret; return ret; } __uint128_t stou128(const std::string& s) { __uint128_t ret = 0; for (int i = 0; i < int(s.size()); i++) if ('0' <= s[i] and s[i] <= '9') ret = 10 * ret + s[i] - '0'; return ret; } // __int128_t std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, __int128_t& v) { std::string s; in >> s; v = stoi128(s); return in; } // __uint128_t std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, __uint128_t& v) { std::string s; in >> s; v = stou128(s); return in; } // pair template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::pair& a) { return in >> a.first >> a.second; } // tuple template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::tuple& a) { if constexpr (N >= std::tuple_size_v>) return in; else return operator>>(in >> std::get(a), a); } // vector template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::vector& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end(); ++it) in >> *it; return in; } // array template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::array& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end(); ++it) in >> *it; return in; } template void read(Args &...args) { (std::cin >> ... >> args); } // ! integral utilities // Returns pow(-1, n) template constexpr inline int pow_m1(T n) { return -(n & 1) | 1; } // Returns pow(-1, n) template <> constexpr inline int pow_m1(bool n) { return -int(n) | 1; } // Returns floor(x / y) template constexpr inline T fld(const T x, const T y) { return (x ^ y) >= 0 ? x / y : (x - (y + pow_m1(y >= 0))) / y; } template constexpr inline T cld(const T x, const T y) { return (x ^ y) <= 0 ? x / y : (x + (y + pow_m1(y >= 0))) / y; } template >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) constexpr inline int popcount(const T x) { return _mm_popcnt_u32(x); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) constexpr inline int popcount(const T x) { return _mm_popcnt_u64(x); } template >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_lz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_clz(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_lz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_clzll(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_tz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_ctz(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_tz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_ctzll(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template constexpr inline int floor_log2(const T x) { return suisen::bit_num - 1 - count_lz(x); } template constexpr inline int ceil_log2(const T x) { return floor_log2(x) + ((x & -x) != x); } template constexpr inline int kth_bit(const T x, const unsigned int k) { return (x >> k) & 1; } template constexpr inline int parity(const T x) { return popcount(x) & 1; } // ! container template auto priqueue_comp(const Comparator comparator) { return std::priority_queue, Comparator>(comparator); } template void sort_unique_erase(Container& a) { std::sort(a.begin(), a.end()); a.erase(std::unique(a.begin(), a.end()), a.end()); } template auto foreach_adjacent_values(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, BiConsumer f) -> decltype(f(*first++, *last), void()) { if (first != last) for (auto itr = first, itl = itr++; itr != last; itl = itr++) f(*itl, *itr); } template auto foreach_adjacent_values(Container &&c, BiConsumer f) -> decltype(c.begin(), c.end(), void()) { foreach_adjacent_values(c.begin(), c.end(), f); } // ! other utilities // x <- min(x, y). returns true iff `x` has chenged. template inline bool chmin(T& x, const T& y) { return y >= x ? false : (x = y, true); } // x <- max(x, y). returns true iff `x` has chenged. template inline bool chmax(T& x, const T& y) { return y <= x ? false : (x = y, true); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::string bin(T val, int bit_num = -1) { std::string res; if (bit_num != -1) { for (int bit = bit_num; bit-- > 0;) res += '0' + ((val >> bit) & 1); } else { for (; val; val >>= 1) res += '0' + (val & 1); std::reverse(res.begin(), res.end()); } return res; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector digits_low_to_high(T val, T base = 10) { std::vector res; for (; val; val /= base) res.push_back(val % base); if (res.empty()) res.push_back(T{ 0 }); return res; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector digits_high_to_low(T val, T base = 10) { auto res = digits_low_to_high(val, base); std::reverse(res.begin(), res.end()); return res; } template std::string join(const std::vector& v, const std::string& sep, const std::string& end) { std::ostringstream ss; for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end();) { ss << *it; if (++it != v.end()) ss << sep; } ss << end; return ss.str(); } namespace suisen {} using namespace suisen; using namespace std; struct io_setup { io_setup(int precision = 20) { std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false); std::cin.tie(nullptr); std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(precision); } } io_setup_{}; // ! code from here #include #include #ifdef _MSC_VER #include #endif #include #ifdef _MSC_VER #endif namespace atcoder { namespace internal { // @param m `1 <= m` // @return x mod m constexpr long long safe_mod(long long x, long long m) { x %= m; if (x < 0) x += m; return x; } // Fast modular multiplication by barrett reduction // Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrett_reduction // NOTE: reconsider after Ice Lake struct barrett { unsigned int _m; unsigned long long im; // @param m `1 <= m < 2^31` explicit barrett(unsigned int m) : _m(m), im((unsigned long long)(-1) / m + 1) {} // @return m unsigned int umod() const { return _m; } // @param a `0 <= a < m` // @param b `0 <= b < m` // @return `a * b % m` unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) const { // [1] m = 1 // a = b = im = 0, so okay // [2] m >= 2 // im = ceil(2^64 / m) // -> im * m = 2^64 + r (0 <= r < m) // let z = a*b = c*m + d (0 <= c, d < m) // a*b * im = (c*m + d) * im = c*(im*m) + d*im = c*2^64 + c*r + d*im // c*r + d*im < m * m + m * im < m * m + 2^64 + m <= 2^64 + m * (m + 1) < 2^64 * 2 // ((ab * im) >> 64) == c or c + 1 unsigned long long z = a; z *= b; #ifdef _MSC_VER unsigned long long x; _umul128(z, im, &x); #else unsigned long long x = (unsigned long long)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); #endif unsigned int v = (unsigned int)(z - x * _m); if (_m <= v) v += _m; return v; } }; // @param n `0 <= n` // @param m `1 <= m` // @return `(x ** n) % m` constexpr long long pow_mod_constexpr(long long x, long long n, int m) { if (m == 1) return 0; unsigned int _m = (unsigned int)(m); unsigned long long r = 1; unsigned long long y = safe_mod(x, m); while (n) { if (n & 1) r = (r * y) % _m; y = (y * y) % _m; n >>= 1; } return r; } // Reference: // M. Forisek and J. Jancina, // Fast Primality Testing for Integers That Fit into a Machine Word // @param n `0 <= n` constexpr bool is_prime_constexpr(int n) { if (n <= 1) return false; if (n == 2 || n == 7 || n == 61) return true; if (n % 2 == 0) return false; long long d = n - 1; while (d % 2 == 0) d /= 2; constexpr long long bases[3] = {2, 7, 61}; for (long long a : bases) { long long t = d; long long y = pow_mod_constexpr(a, t, n); while (t != n - 1 && y != 1 && y != n - 1) { y = y * y % n; t <<= 1; } if (y != n - 1 && t % 2 == 0) { return false; } } return true; } template constexpr bool is_prime = is_prime_constexpr(n); // @param b `1 <= b` // @return pair(g, x) s.t. g = gcd(a, b), xa = g (mod b), 0 <= x < b/g constexpr std::pair inv_gcd(long long a, long long b) { a = safe_mod(a, b); if (a == 0) return {b, 0}; // Contracts: // [1] s - m0 * a = 0 (mod b) // [2] t - m1 * a = 0 (mod b) // [3] s * |m1| + t * |m0| <= b long long s = b, t = a; long long m0 = 0, m1 = 1; while (t) { long long u = s / t; s -= t * u; m0 -= m1 * u; // |m1 * u| <= |m1| * s <= b // [3]: // (s - t * u) * |m1| + t * |m0 - m1 * u| // <= s * |m1| - t * u * |m1| + t * (|m0| + |m1| * u) // = s * |m1| + t * |m0| <= b auto tmp = s; s = t; t = tmp; tmp = m0; m0 = m1; m1 = tmp; } // by [3]: |m0| <= b/g // by g != b: |m0| < b/g if (m0 < 0) m0 += b / s; return {s, m0}; } // Compile time primitive root // @param m must be prime // @return primitive root (and minimum in now) constexpr int primitive_root_constexpr(int m) { if (m == 2) return 1; if (m == 167772161) return 3; if (m == 469762049) return 3; if (m == 754974721) return 11; if (m == 998244353) return 3; int divs[20] = {}; divs[0] = 2; int cnt = 1; int x = (m - 1) / 2; while (x % 2 == 0) x /= 2; for (int i = 3; (long long)(i)*i <= x; i += 2) { if (x % i == 0) { divs[cnt++] = i; while (x % i == 0) { x /= i; } } } if (x > 1) { divs[cnt++] = x; } for (int g = 2;; g++) { bool ok = true; for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { if (pow_mod_constexpr(g, (m - 1) / divs[i], m) == 1) { ok = false; break; } } if (ok) return g; } } template constexpr int primitive_root = primitive_root_constexpr(m); // @param n `n < 2^32` // @param m `1 <= m < 2^32` // @return sum_{i=0}^{n-1} floor((ai + b) / m) (mod 2^64) unsigned long long floor_sum_unsigned(unsigned long long n, unsigned long long m, unsigned long long a, unsigned long long b) { unsigned long long ans = 0; while (true) { if (a >= m) { ans += n * (n - 1) / 2 * (a / m); a %= m; } if (b >= m) { ans += n * (b / m); b %= m; } unsigned long long y_max = a * n + b; if (y_max < m) break; // y_max < m * (n + 1) // floor(y_max / m) <= n n = (unsigned long long)(y_max / m); b = (unsigned long long)(y_max % m); std::swap(m, a); } return ans; } } // namespace internal } // namespace atcoder namespace atcoder { namespace internal { #ifndef _MSC_VER template using is_signed_int128 = typename std::conditional::value || std::is_same::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_unsigned_int128 = typename std::conditional::value || std::is_same::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using make_unsigned_int128 = typename std::conditional::value, __uint128_t, unsigned __int128>; template using is_integral = typename std::conditional::value || is_signed_int128::value || is_unsigned_int128::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_signed_int = typename std::conditional<(is_integral::value && std::is_signed::value) || is_signed_int128::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_unsigned_int = typename std::conditional<(is_integral::value && std::is_unsigned::value) || is_unsigned_int128::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional< is_signed_int128::value, make_unsigned_int128, typename std::conditional::value, std::make_unsigned, std::common_type>::type>::type; #else template using is_integral = typename std::is_integral; template using is_signed_int = typename std::conditional::value && std::is_signed::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_unsigned_int = typename std::conditional::value && std::is_unsigned::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional::value, std::make_unsigned, std::common_type>::type; #endif template using is_signed_int_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; template using is_unsigned_int_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; template using to_unsigned_t = typename to_unsigned::type; } // namespace internal } // namespace atcoder namespace atcoder { namespace internal { struct modint_base {}; struct static_modint_base : modint_base {}; template using is_modint = std::is_base_of; template using is_modint_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; } // namespace internal template * = nullptr> struct static_modint : internal::static_modint_base { using mint = static_modint; public: static constexpr int mod() { return m; } static mint raw(int v) { mint x; x._v = v; return x; } static_modint() : _v(0) {} template * = nullptr> static_modint(T v) { long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(umod())); if (x < 0) x += umod(); _v = (unsigned int)(x); } template * = nullptr> static_modint(T v) { _v = (unsigned int)(v % umod()); } unsigned int val() const { return _v; } mint& operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } mint& operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { _v -= rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod(); return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { unsigned long long z = _v; z *= rhs._v; _v = (unsigned int)(z % umod()); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint x = *this, r = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { if (prime) { assert(_v); return pow(umod() - 2); } else { auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, m); assert(eg.first == 1); return eg.second; } } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } private: unsigned int _v; static constexpr unsigned int umod() { return m; } static constexpr bool prime = internal::is_prime; }; template struct dynamic_modint : internal::modint_base { using mint = dynamic_modint; public: static int mod() { return (int)(bt.umod()); } static void set_mod(int m) { assert(1 <= m); bt = internal::barrett(m); } static mint raw(int v) { mint x; x._v = v; return x; } dynamic_modint() : _v(0) {} template * = nullptr> dynamic_modint(T v) { long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(mod())); if (x < 0) x += mod(); _v = (unsigned int)(x); } template * = nullptr> dynamic_modint(T v) { _v = (unsigned int)(v % mod()); } unsigned int val() const { return _v; } mint& operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } mint& operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { _v += mod() - rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { _v = bt.mul(_v, rhs._v); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint x = *this, r = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, mod()); assert(eg.first == 1); return eg.second; } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } private: unsigned int _v; static internal::barrett bt; static unsigned int umod() { return bt.umod(); } }; template internal::barrett dynamic_modint::bt(998244353); using modint998244353 = static_modint<998244353>; using modint1000000007 = static_modint<1000000007>; using modint = dynamic_modint<-1>; namespace internal { template using is_static_modint = std::is_base_of; template using is_static_modint_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; template struct is_dynamic_modint : public std::false_type {}; template struct is_dynamic_modint> : public std::true_type {}; template using is_dynamic_modint_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; } // namespace internal } // namespace atcoder using mint = atcoder::modint998244353; std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, mint& a) { long long e; in >> e; a = e; return in; } std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const mint& a) { out << a.val(); return out; } #include #include namespace atcoder { // Implement (union by size) + (path compression) // Reference: // Zvi Galil and Giuseppe F. Italiano, // Data structures and algorithms for disjoint set union problems struct dsu { public: dsu() : _n(0) {} explicit dsu(int n) : _n(n), parent_or_size(n, -1) {} int merge(int a, int b) { assert(0 <= a && a < _n); assert(0 <= b && b < _n); int x = leader(a), y = leader(b); if (x == y) return x; if (-parent_or_size[x] < -parent_or_size[y]) std::swap(x, y); parent_or_size[x] += parent_or_size[y]; parent_or_size[y] = x; return x; } bool same(int a, int b) { assert(0 <= a && a < _n); assert(0 <= b && b < _n); return leader(a) == leader(b); } int leader(int a) { assert(0 <= a && a < _n); if (parent_or_size[a] < 0) return a; return parent_or_size[a] = leader(parent_or_size[a]); } int size(int a) { assert(0 <= a && a < _n); return -parent_or_size[leader(a)]; } std::vector> groups() { std::vector leader_buf(_n), group_size(_n); for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++) { leader_buf[i] = leader(i); group_size[leader_buf[i]]++; } std::vector> result(_n); for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++) { result[i].reserve(group_size[i]); } for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++) { result[leader_buf[i]].push_back(i); } result.erase( std::remove_if(result.begin(), result.end(), [&](const std::vector& v) { return v.empty(); }), result.end()); return result; } private: int _n; // root node: -1 * component size // otherwise: parent std::vector parent_or_size; }; } // namespace atcoder namespace suisen { template struct factorial { factorial() {} factorial(int n) { ensure(n); } static void ensure(const int n) { int sz = _fac.size(); if (n + 1 <= sz) return; int new_size = std::max(n + 1, sz * 2); _fac.resize(new_size), _fac_inv.resize(new_size); for (int i = sz; i < new_size; ++i) _fac[i] = _fac[i - 1] * i; _fac_inv[new_size - 1] = U(1) / _fac[new_size - 1]; for (int i = new_size - 1; i > sz; --i) _fac_inv[i - 1] = _fac_inv[i] * i; } T fac(const int i) { ensure(i); return _fac[i]; } T operator()(int i) { return fac(i); } U fac_inv(const int i) { ensure(i); return _fac_inv[i]; } U binom(const int n, const int r) { if (n < 0 or r < 0 or n < r) return 0; ensure(n); return _fac[n] * _fac_inv[r] * _fac_inv[n - r]; } U perm(const int n, const int r) { if (n < 0 or r < 0 or n < r) return 0; ensure(n); return _fac[n] * _fac_inv[n - r]; } private: static std::vector _fac; static std::vector _fac_inv; }; template std::vector factorial::_fac{ 1 }; template std::vector factorial::_fac_inv{ 1 }; } // namespace suisen namespace suisen { template class inv_mods { public: inv_mods() {} inv_mods(int n) { ensure(n); } const mint& operator[](int i) const { ensure(i); return invs[i]; } static void ensure(int n) { int sz = invs.size(); if (sz < 2) invs = {0, 1}, sz = 2; if (sz < n + 1) { invs.resize(n + 1); for (int i = sz; i <= n; ++i) invs[i] = mint(mod - mod / i) * invs[mod % i]; } } private: static std::vector invs; static constexpr int mod = mint::mod(); }; template std::vector inv_mods::invs{}; } int main() { inv_mods invs(300000); factorial fac(300000); INPUT(int, n, m); const int evn = n / 2, odd = n - evn; vector> ps(m); REP(i, m) { INPUT(int, l, r); --l; ps[i] = { l, r }; } while (true) { m = ps.size(); bool upd = false; REP(i, m) { REP(j, i) { auto [li, ri] = ps[i]; auto [lj, rj] = ps[j]; if (li <= lj and rj <= ri) continue; if (lj <= li and ri <= rj) continue; if (max(li, lj) < min(ri, rj)) { vector> nps; if (li != lj) nps.push_back(minmax(li, lj)); nps.emplace_back(max(li, lj), min(ri, rj)); if (ri != rj) nps.push_back(minmax(ri, rj)); REP(k, m) { if (k != i and k != j) { nps.push_back(ps[k]); } } nps.swap(ps); upd = true; break; } } if (upd) break; } if (not upd) break; } m = ps.size(); sort(ALL(ps), [&](auto x1, auto x2) { return x1.second != x2.second ? x1.second < x2.second : x1.first > x2.first; }); debug(ps); int c = n; mint ans = fac.fac(evn) * fac.fac(odd); vector> stack; for (auto [l, r] : ps) { int len = r - l; while (stack.size() and l <= stack.back().first) { auto [lc, rc] = stack.back(); len -= rc - lc; stack.pop_back(); } if (len % 2 == 1) { print(0); return 0; } ans *= fac.binom(len, len / 2) * invs[len / 2 + 1]; c -= len; stack.emplace_back(l, r); } const int k = c - c / 2, l = c / 2; if (c % 2 == 1) { debug("odd"); ans *= fac.binom(k + l, k) - fac.binom(k + l, k - 2); } else { debug("evn"); ans *= fac.binom(c, c / 2) * invs[c / 2 + 1]; } print(ans); return 0; }