#line 1 "c.cpp" #include #include #define rep(i,n) for (int i = 0; i < int(n); ++i) #define repp(i,n,m) for (int i = m; i < int(n); ++i) #define reb(i,n) for (int i = int(n)-1; i >= 0; --i) #define all(v) v.begin(),v.end() using namespace std; using namespace atcoder; using ll = long long; using ull = unsigned long long; using ld = long double; using P = pair; using PL = pair; using pdd = pair; using pil = pair; using pli = pair; templateistream &operator>>(istream &is,vector &v){for(auto &e:v)is>>e;return is;} templatebool range(T a,T b,T x){return (a<=x&&xbool rrange(T a,T b,T c,T d,T x,T y){return (range(a,c,x)&&range(b,d,y));} templatevoid rev(vector &v){reverse(v.begin(),v.end());} void revs(string &s) {reverse(s.begin(),s.end());} templatevoid sor(vector &v, int f=0){sort(v.begin(),v.end());if(f!=0) rev(v);} templatebool chmin(T &a,const T &b){if(a>b){a=b;return true;}return false;} templatebool chmax(T &a,const T &b){if(avoid uniq(vector &v){sor(v);v.erase(unique(v.begin(),v.end()),v.end());} templatevoid print(pair a); templatevoid print(vector v); templatevoid print(vector> v); void print(){ putchar(' '); } void print(bool a){ printf("%d", a); } void print(int a){ printf("%d", a); } void print(long a){ printf("%ld", a); } void print(long long a){ printf("%lld", a); } void print(char a){ printf("%c", a); } void print(char a[]){ printf("%s", a); } void print(const char a[]){ printf("%s", a); } void print(long double a){ printf("%.15Lf", a); } void print(const string& a){ for(auto&& i : a) print(i); } void print(unsigned int a){ printf("%u", a); } void print(unsigned long long a) { printf("%llu", a); } template void print(const T& a){ cout << a; } int out(){ putchar('\n'); return 0; } template int out(const T& t){ print(t); putchar('\n'); return 0; } template int out(const Head& head, const Tail&... tail){ print(head); putchar(' '); out(tail...); return 0; } templatevoid print(pair a){print(a.first);print(),print(a.second);} templatevoid print(vector v){for(auto ite=v.begin();ite!=v.end();){print(*ite);if(++ite!=v.end())print();}} templatevoid print(vector> v){for(auto ite=v.begin();ite!=v.end();){print(*ite);if(++ite!=v.end())out();}} void yes(){out("Yes");} void no (){out("No");} void yn (bool t){if(t)yes();else no();} void fast_io(){cin.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cout< dx = {0,1,0,-1,1,1,-1,-1}; const vector dy = {1,0,-1,0,1,-1,-1,1}; const string ALP = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; const string alp = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; const string NUM = "0123456789"; } // namespace noya2 using namespace noya2; using mint = modint998244353; void out(mint a){out(a.val());} void out(vector a){vector b(a.size()); rep(i,a.size()) b[i] = a[i].val(); out(b);} void out(vector> a){for (auto v : a) out(v);} istream &operator>>(istream &is,vector &v){for(auto &e:v){ll _x;is>>_x;e=_x;}return is;} #line 2 "Matrix.hpp" #line 4 "Matrix.hpp" namespace noya2{ using namespace std; template struct Matrix{ int rows; int cols; vector> m; Matrix (int h = 0, int w = 0, T init = T(0)) : m(h,vector(w,init)), rows(h), cols(w){} Matrix (vector> _init) : m(_init), rows(_init.size()), cols(_init.at(0).size()){} vector& operator[](const int i) const {return m[i];} vector& operator[](const int i) {return m[i];} Matrix &operator+= (const Matrix &r){ assert(this->rows == r.rows && this->cols == r.cols); for (int i = 0; i < r.rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < r.cols; ++j){ m[i][j] += r.m[i][j]; } } return *this; } Matrix &operator-= (const Matrix &r){ assert(this->rows == r.rows && this->cols == r.cols); for (int i = 0; i < r.rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < r.cols; ++j){ m[i][j] -= r.m[i][j]; } } return *this; } Matrix &operator*= (const Matrix &r){ assert(this->cols == r.rows); Matrix res(rows, r.cols); for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < r.cols; ++j){ for (int k = 0; k < r.rows; ++k){ res[i][j] += m[i][k] * r.m[k][j]; } } } return *this = res; } Matrix operator+ (const Matrix &r) const {return Matrix(*this) += r;} Matrix operator- (const Matrix &r) const {return Matrix(*this) -= r;} Matrix operator* (const Matrix &r) const {return Matrix(*this) *= r;} bool operator== (const Matrix &r){ if (rows != r.rows || cols != r.cols) return false; for (int i = 0; i < r.rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < r.cols; ++j){ if (m[i][j] != r.m[i][j]) return false; } } return true; } Matrix& operator+=(const T &r){ for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j){ m[i][j] += r; } } return *this; } Matrix& operator-=(const T &r){ for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j){ m[i][j] -= r; } } return *this; } Matrix& operator*=(const T &r){ for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j){ m[i][j] *= r; } } return *this; } Matrix& operator/=(const T &r){ for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j){ m[i][j] /= r; } } return *this; } Matrix operator+ (const T &r) const {return Matrix(*this) += r;} Matrix operator- (const T &r) const {return Matrix(*this) -= r;} Matrix operator* (const T &r) const {return Matrix(*this) *= r;} Matrix operator/ (const T &r) const {return Matrix(*this) /= r;} Matrix e(){ assert(this->rows == this->cols); Matrix res(this->rows, this->rows); for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) res[i][i] = 1; return res; } Matrix pow(long long n){ assert(this->rows == this->cols); if (n == 0) return e(); Matrix f = pow(n / 2); Matrix ans = f * f; if (n % 2 == 1) ans *= *this; return ans; } // for T = int, long long, double, long double void show(){ for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){ for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j){ cout << m[i][j] << (j+1 == this->cols ? "\n" : " "); } } } }; } // namespace noya2 #line 78 "c.cpp" void solve(){ ll n; cin >> n; Matrix mat(2,2); mat[0][0] = 0, mat[0][1] = 1; mat[1][0] = 1, mat[1][1] = 1; mint ans = mat.pow(n+1)[0][1] - 1; out(ans.val()); } int main(){ fast_io(); int t = 1; //cin >> t; while(t--) solve(); }