#pragma GCC optimize("O3") #include using namespace std; #define rep(i,n) for(int i = 0; i < (int)(n); ++i) #define rrep(i,n) for(int i = (int)(n) - 1; i >= 0; --i) #define ALL(a) a.begin(), a.end() #define Sort(a) sort(a.begin(), a.end()) #define RSort(a) sort(a.rbegin(), a.rend()) typedef long long int ll; typedef long double ld; typedef vector vi; typedef vector vll; typedef vector vc; typedef vector vst; typedef vector vd; typedef pair P; const long long INF = 0x1fffffffffffffff; const long long MOD = 998244353; const long double PI = acos(-1); template inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template inline T vin(T& vec, U n) { vec.resize(n); for(int i = 0; i < (int) n; ++i) cin >> vec[i]; return vec; } template inline void vout(T vec, string s = "\n"){ for(auto x : vec) cout << x << s; } template void in(T&... a){ (cin >> ... >> a); } void out(){ cout << '\n'; } template void out(const T& a, const Ts&... b){ cout << a; (cout << ... << (cout << ' ', b)); cout << '\n'; } template void inGraph(vector>& G, U n, U m, bool directed = false){ G.resize(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; i++){ int a, b; cin >> a >> b; a--, b--; G[a].push_back(b); if(!directed) G[b].push_back(a); } } ll n; template T modinv(T a, T m){ T b = m, u = 1, v = 0; while(b){ T t = a / b; a -= t * b; swap(a, b); u -= t * v; swap(u, v); } u %= m; if (u < 0) u += m; return u; } template T modarithmeticsum(T a, T d, T n, T m){ a %= m, n %= m, d %= m; T b = (n - 1) * d % m; return n * (a * 2 + b) % m * modinv((T) 2, m) % m; } template struct ModInt{ long long val; constexpr ModInt(const long long &_val = 0) noexcept : val(_val) { normalize(); } void normalize(){ val = (val % Modulus + Modulus) % Modulus; } inline ModInt& operator+=(const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { if(val += rhs.val, val >= Modulus) val -= Modulus; return *this; } inline ModInt& operator-=(const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { if(val -= rhs.val, val < 0) val += Modulus; return *this; } inline ModInt& operator*=(const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { val = val * rhs.val % Modulus; return *this; } inline ModInt& operator/=(const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { val = val * inv(rhs.val).val % Modulus; return *this; } inline ModInt& operator++() noexcept { if(++val >= Modulus) val -= Modulus; return *this; } inline ModInt operator++(int) noexcept { ModInt t = val; if(++val >= Modulus) val -= Modulus; return t; } inline ModInt& operator--() noexcept { if(--val < 0) val += Modulus; return *this; } inline ModInt operator--(int) noexcept { ModInt t = val; if(--val < 0) val += Modulus; return t; } inline ModInt operator-() const noexcept { return (Modulus - val) % Modulus; } inline ModInt inv(void) const { return inv(val); } ModInt inv(const long long& n) const { long long a = n, b = Modulus, u = 1, v = 0; while(b){ long long t = a / b; a -= t * b; swap(a, b); u -= t * v; swap(u, v); } u %= Modulus; if(u < 0) u += Modulus; return u; } friend inline ModInt operator+(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { return ModInt(lhs) += rhs; } friend inline ModInt operator-(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { return ModInt(lhs) -= rhs; } friend inline ModInt operator*(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { return ModInt(lhs) *= rhs; } friend inline ModInt operator/(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { return ModInt(lhs) /= rhs; } friend inline bool operator==(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { return lhs.val == rhs.val; } friend inline bool operator!=(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) noexcept { return lhs.val != rhs.val; } friend inline istream& operator>>(istream& is, ModInt& x) noexcept { is >> x.val; x.normalize(); return is; } friend inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const ModInt& x) noexcept { return os << x.val; } }; vector> mul(vector> a, vector> b){ vector> res((int) a.size(), vector(b[0].size())); for(int i = 0; i < (int) a.size(); i++){ for(int j = 0; j < (int) b[0].size(); j++){ for(int k = 0; k < (int) b.size(); k++){ res[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j]; res[i][j] %= MOD; } } } return res; } // 繰り返し二乗法 long long calc(long long n){ vector> a(2, vector(2)); a[0][0] = 1; a[0][1] = 1; a[1][0] = 1; a[1][1] = 0; vector> b(2, vector(2, 0)); for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) b[i][i] = 1; while(n > 0){ if(n & 1) b = mul(a, b); a = mul(a, a); n >>= 1; } return b[1][0]; } using mint = ModInt<998244353>; void input(){ in(n); } void solve(){ mint ans = calc(n) + calc(n - 1) - 1; out(ans); } int main(){ ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); input(); solve(); }