/** * author: shu8Cream * created: 05.01.2023 22:49:49 **/ #include using namespace std; #define overload3(a,b,c,d,...) d #define rep1(i,n) for (int i=0; i<(n); i++) #define rep2(i,a,n) for (int i=(a); i<(n); i++) #define rep(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, rep2, rep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rrep1(i,n) for (int i=(n-1); i>=0; i--) #define rrep2(i,a,n) for (int i=(n-1); i>=(a); i--) #define rrep(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, rrep2, rrep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define rall(x) (x).rbegin(), (x).rend() #define sz(x) int((x).size()) #define pcnt __builtin_popcountll using ll = long long; using P = pair; template using vc = vector; template using vv = vc>; using vi = vc; using vvi = vv; const int INF = 1e9; const ll LINF = 8e18; templateistream& operator>>(istream&i,vc&v){rep(j,sz(v))i>>v[j];return i;} templatestring join(const T&v,const string& d=""){stringstream s;rep(i,sz(v))(i?s<ostream& operator<<(ostream&o,const vc&v){if(sz(v))o<istream& operator>>(istream&i,pair&v){return i>>v.first>>v.second;} templateostream& operator<<(ostream&o,const pair&v){return o< inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) {if(a inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) {if(a>b) { a=b;return true; } return false;} template string to_string(T s); template string to_string(pair p); string to_string(char c) { return string(1, c); } string to_string(string s) { return s; } string to_string(const char s[]) { return string(s); } template string to_string(T v) { if (v.empty()) return "{}"; string ret = "{"; for (auto x : v) ret += to_string(x) + ","; ret.back() = '}'; return ret; } template string to_string(pair p) { return "{" + to_string(p.first) + ":" + to_string(p.second) + "}"; } void debug_out() { cout << endl; } template void debug_out(Head H, Tail... T) { cout << to_string(H) << " "; debug_out(T...); } #ifdef _DEBUG #define debug(...) debug_out(__VA_ARGS__) #else #define debug(...) #endif const int mod = 998244353; struct mint{ ll x; mint(ll x=0):x((x%mod+mod)%mod){} mint operator-() const { return mint(-x);} mint& operator+=(const mint a) { if ((x += a.x) >= mod) x -= mod; return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint a) { if ((x += mod-a.x) >= mod) x -= mod; return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint a) { (x *= a.x) %= mod; return *this;} mint operator+(const mint a) const { return mint(*this) += a;} mint operator-(const mint a) const { return mint(*this) -= a;} mint operator*(const mint a) const { return mint(*this) *= a;} mint pow(ll t) const { mint a = *this, r = 1; while(t){ if(t&1) r *= a; a *= a; t >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { return pow(mod-2);} mint& operator/=(const mint a) { return *this *= a.inv();} mint operator/(const mint a) const { return mint(*this) /= a;} bool operator==(const mint &other) const { return x == other.x; } }; istream& operator>>(istream& is, mint& a) { return is >> a.x;} ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const mint& a) { return os << a.x;} mint fact[200200]; mint invfact[200200]; void init(){ fact[0]=1; for(int i=1; i<200200; i++){ fact[i]=fact[i-1]*i; } invfact[200200-1] = fact[200200-1].inv(); for(int i=200200-2; i>=0; i--){ invfact[i] = invfact[i+1]*(i+1); } } mint nCk(int n, int k){ if(k<0 || n> n >> m; if(n prev(m+1); prev[0] = 1; rep(i,1,m+1) prev[i]=prev[i-1]*(n+1-i); mint ans = mint(2).pow(n); rep(i,m) ans -= prev[i]*invfact[i]; //nCk(n,i); cout << ans << endl; }