/** * date : 2023-02-03 21:31:21 */ #define NDEBUG using namespace std; // intrinstic #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include // utility namespace Nyaan { using ll = long long; using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; template using V = vector; template using VV = vector>; using vi = vector; using vl = vector; using vd = V; using vs = V; using vvi = vector>; using vvl = vector>; template struct P : pair { template P(Args... args) : pair(args...) {} using pair::first; using pair::second; P &operator+=(const P &r) { first += r.first; second += r.second; return *this; } P &operator-=(const P &r) { first -= r.first; second -= r.second; return *this; } P &operator*=(const P &r) { first *= r.first; second *= r.second; return *this; } template P &operator*=(const S &r) { first *= r, second *= r; return *this; } P operator+(const P &r) const { return P(*this) += r; } P operator-(const P &r) const { return P(*this) -= r; } P operator*(const P &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; } template P operator*(const S &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; } P operator-() const { return P{-first, -second}; } }; using pl = P; using pi = P; using vp = V; constexpr int inf = 1001001001; constexpr long long infLL = 4004004004004004004LL; template int sz(const T &t) { return t.size(); } template inline bool amin(T &x, U y) { return (y < x) ? (x = y, true) : false; } template inline bool amax(T &x, U y) { return (x < y) ? (x = y, true) : false; } template inline T Max(const vector &v) { return *max_element(begin(v), end(v)); } template inline T Min(const vector &v) { return *min_element(begin(v), end(v)); } template inline long long Sum(const vector &v) { return accumulate(begin(v), end(v), 0LL); } template int lb(const vector &v, const T &a) { return lower_bound(begin(v), end(v), a) - begin(v); } template int ub(const vector &v, const T &a) { return upper_bound(begin(v), end(v), a) - begin(v); } constexpr long long TEN(int n) { long long ret = 1, x = 10; for (; n; x *= x, n >>= 1) ret *= (n & 1 ? x : 1); return ret; } template pair mkp(const T &t, const U &u) { return make_pair(t, u); } template vector mkrui(const vector &v, bool rev = false) { vector ret(v.size() + 1); if (rev) { for (int i = int(v.size()) - 1; i >= 0; i--) ret[i] = v[i] + ret[i + 1]; } else { for (int i = 0; i < int(v.size()); i++) ret[i + 1] = ret[i] + v[i]; } return ret; }; template vector mkuni(const vector &v) { vector ret(v); sort(ret.begin(), ret.end()); ret.erase(unique(ret.begin(), ret.end()), ret.end()); return ret; } template vector mkord(int N,F f) { vector ord(N); iota(begin(ord), end(ord), 0); sort(begin(ord), end(ord), f); return ord; } template vector mkinv(vector &v) { int max_val = *max_element(begin(v), end(v)); vector inv(max_val + 1, -1); for (int i = 0; i < (int)v.size(); i++) inv[v[i]] = i; return inv; } vector mkiota(int n) { vector ret(n); iota(begin(ret), end(ret), 0); return ret; } template T mkrev(const T &v) { T w{v}; reverse(begin(w), end(w)); return w; } template bool nxp(vector &v) { return next_permutation(begin(v), end(v)); } template using minpq = priority_queue, greater>; } // namespace Nyaan // bit operation namespace Nyaan { __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) inline int popcnt(const u64 &a) { return _mm_popcnt_u64(a); } inline int lsb(const u64 &a) { return a ? __builtin_ctzll(a) : 64; } inline int ctz(const u64 &a) { return a ? __builtin_ctzll(a) : 64; } inline int msb(const u64 &a) { return a ? 63 - __builtin_clzll(a) : -1; } template inline int gbit(const T &a, int i) { return (a >> i) & 1; } template inline void sbit(T &a, int i, bool b) { if (gbit(a, i) != b) a ^= T(1) << i; } constexpr long long PW(int n) { return 1LL << n; } constexpr long long MSK(int n) { return (1LL << n) - 1; } } // namespace Nyaan // inout namespace Nyaan { template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair &p) { os << p.first << " " << p.second; return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, pair &p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &v) { int s = (int)v.size(); for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) os << (i ? " " : "") << v[i]; return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector &v) { for (auto &x : v) is >> x; return is; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, __int128_t &x) { string S; is >> S; x = 0; int flag = 0; for (auto &c : S) { if (c == '-') { flag = true; continue; } x *= 10; x += c - '0'; } if (flag) x = -x; return is; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, __uint128_t &x) { string S; is >> S; x = 0; for (auto &c : S) { x *= 10; x += c - '0'; } return is; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, __int128_t x) { if (x == 0) return os << 0; if (x < 0) os << '-', x = -x; string S; while (x) S.push_back('0' + x % 10), x /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); return os << S; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, __uint128_t x) { if (x == 0) return os << 0; string S; while (x) S.push_back('0' + x % 10), x /= 10; reverse(begin(S), end(S)); return os << S; } void in() {} template void in(T &t, U &...u) { cin >> t; in(u...); } void out() { cout << "\n"; } template void out(const T &t, const U &...u) { cout << t; if (sizeof...(u)) cout << sep; out(u...); } void outr() {} template void outr(const T &t, const U &...u) { cout << t; outr(u...); } struct IoSetupNya { IoSetupNya() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(15); cerr << fixed << setprecision(7); } } iosetupnya; } // namespace Nyaan // debug #ifdef NyaanDebug #define trc(...) (void(0)) #else #define trc(...) (void(0)) #endif #ifdef NyaanLocal #define trc2(...) (void(0)) #else #define trc2(...) (void(0)) #endif // macro #define each(x, v) for (auto&& x : v) #define each2(x, y, v) for (auto&& [x, y] : v) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() #define rep(i, N) for (long long i = 0; i < (long long)(N); i++) #define repr(i, N) for (long long i = (long long)(N)-1; i >= 0; i--) #define rep1(i, N) for (long long i = 1; i <= (long long)(N); i++) #define repr1(i, N) for (long long i = (N); (long long)(i) > 0; i--) #define reg(i, a, b) for (long long i = (a); i < (b); i++) #define regr(i, a, b) for (long long i = (b)-1; i >= (a); i--) #define fi first #define se second #define ini(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define inl(...) \ long long __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define ins(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ in(__VA_ARGS__) #define in2(s, t) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i]); \ } #define in3(s, t, u) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i], u[i]); \ } #define in4(s, t, u, v) \ for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); i++) { \ in(s[i], t[i], u[i], v[i]); \ } #define die(...) \ do { \ Nyaan::out(__VA_ARGS__); \ return; \ } while (0) namespace Nyaan { void solve(); } int main() { Nyaan::solve(); } // struct Timer { chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point st; Timer() { reset(); } void reset() { st = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now(); } chrono::milliseconds::rep elapsed() { auto ed = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now(); return chrono::duration_cast(ed - st).count(); } }; using namespace std; struct Barrett { using u32 = unsigned int; using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; u32 m; u64 im; Barrett() : m(), im() {} Barrett(int n) : m(n), im(u64(-1) / m + 1) {} constexpr inline i64 quo(u64 n) { u64 x = u64((__uint128_t(n) * im) >> 64); u32 r = n - x * m; return m <= r ? x - 1 : x; } constexpr inline i64 rem(u64 n) { u64 x = u64((__uint128_t(n) * im) >> 64); u32 r = n - x * m; return m <= r ? r + m : r; } constexpr inline pair quorem(u64 n) { u64 x = u64((__uint128_t(n) * im) >> 64); u32 r = n - x * m; if (m <= r) return {x - 1, r + m}; return {x, r}; } constexpr inline i64 pow(u64 n, i64 p) { u32 a = rem(n), r = m == 1 ? 0 : 1; while (p) { if (p & 1) r = rem(u64(r) * a); a = rem(u64(a) * a); p >>= 1; } return r; } }; struct ArbitraryModInt { int x; ArbitraryModInt() : x(0) {} ArbitraryModInt(int64_t y) { int z = y % get_mod(); if (z < 0) z += get_mod(); x = z; } ArbitraryModInt &operator+=(const ArbitraryModInt &p) { if ((x += p.x) >= get_mod()) x -= get_mod(); return *this; } ArbitraryModInt &operator-=(const ArbitraryModInt &p) { if ((x += get_mod() - p.x) >= get_mod()) x -= get_mod(); return *this; } ArbitraryModInt &operator*=(const ArbitraryModInt &p) { x = rem((unsigned long long)x * p.x); return *this; } ArbitraryModInt &operator/=(const ArbitraryModInt &p) { *this *= p.inverse(); return *this; } ArbitraryModInt operator-() const { return ArbitraryModInt(-x); } ArbitraryModInt operator+(const ArbitraryModInt &p) const { return ArbitraryModInt(*this) += p; } ArbitraryModInt operator-(const ArbitraryModInt &p) const { return ArbitraryModInt(*this) -= p; } ArbitraryModInt operator*(const ArbitraryModInt &p) const { return ArbitraryModInt(*this) *= p; } ArbitraryModInt operator/(const ArbitraryModInt &p) const { return ArbitraryModInt(*this) /= p; } bool operator==(const ArbitraryModInt &p) const { return x == p.x; } bool operator!=(const ArbitraryModInt &p) const { return x != p.x; } ArbitraryModInt inverse() const { int a = x, b = get_mod(), u = 1, v = 0, t; while (b > 0) { t = a / b; swap(a -= t * b, b); swap(u -= t * v, v); } return ArbitraryModInt(u); } ArbitraryModInt pow(int64_t n) const { ArbitraryModInt ret(1), mul(x); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ArbitraryModInt &p) { return os << p.x; } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, ArbitraryModInt &a) { int64_t t; is >> t; a = ArbitraryModInt(t); return (is); } int get() const { return x; } inline unsigned int rem(unsigned long long p) { return barrett().rem(p); } static inline Barrett &barrett() { static Barrett b; return b; } static inline int &get_mod() { static int mod = 0; return mod; } static void set_mod(int md) { assert(0 < md && md <= (1LL << 30) - 1); get_mod() = md; barrett() = Barrett(md); } }; template struct Binomial { vector f, g, h; Binomial(int MAX = 0) { assert(T::get_mod() != 0 && "Binomial()"); f.resize(1, T{1}); g.resize(1, T{1}); h.resize(1, T{1}); while (MAX >= (int)f.size()) extend(); } void extend() { int n = f.size(); int m = n * 2; f.resize(m); g.resize(m); h.resize(m); for (int i = n; i < m; i++) f[i] = f[i - 1] * T(i); g[m - 1] = f[m - 1].inverse(); h[m - 1] = g[m - 1] * f[m - 2]; for (int i = m - 2; i >= n; i--) { g[i] = g[i + 1] * T(i + 1); h[i] = g[i] * f[i - 1]; } } T fac(int i) { if (i < 0) return T(0); while (i >= (int)f.size()) extend(); return f[i]; } T finv(int i) { if (i < 0) return T(0); while (i >= (int)g.size()) extend(); return g[i]; } T inv(int i) { if (i < 0) return -inv(-i); while (i >= (int)h.size()) extend(); return h[i]; } T C(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); return fac(n) * finv(n - r) * finv(r); } inline T operator()(int n, int r) { return C(n, r); } template T multinomial(const vector& r) { static_assert(is_integral::value == true); int n = 0; for (auto& x : r) { if (x < 0) return T(0); n += x; } T res = fac(n); for (auto& x : r) res *= finv(x); return res; } template T operator()(const vector& r) { return multinomial(r); } T C_naive(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); T ret = T(1); r = min(r, n - r); for (int i = 1; i <= r; ++i) ret *= inv(i) * (n--); return ret; } T P(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || n < r || r < 0) return T(0); return fac(n) * finv(n - r); } // [x^r] 1 / (1-x)^n T H(int n, int r) { if (n < 0 || r < 0) return T(0); return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r); } }; namespace inner { using i32 = int32_t; using u32 = uint32_t; using i64 = int64_t; using u64 = uint64_t; template T gcd(T a, T b) { while (b) swap(a %= b, b); return a; } template T inv(T a, T p) { T b = p, x = 1, y = 0; while (a) { T q = b / a; swap(a, b %= a); swap(x, y -= q * x); } assert(b == 1); return y < 0 ? y + p : y; } template T modpow(T a, U n, T p) { T ret = 1 % p; for (; n; n >>= 1, a = U(a) * a % p) if (n & 1) ret = U(ret) * a % p; return ret; } } // namespace inner namespace my_rand { using i64 = long long; using u64 = unsigned long long; // [0, 2^64 - 1) u64 rng() { static u64 _x = u64(chrono::duration_cast( chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()) .count()) * 10150724397891781847ULL; _x ^= _x << 7; return _x ^= _x >> 9; } // [l, r] i64 rng(i64 l, i64 r) { assert(l <= r); return l + rng() % (r - l + 1); } // [l, r) i64 randint(i64 l, i64 r) { assert(l < r); return l + rng() % (r - l); } // choose n numbers from [l, r) without overlapping vector randset(i64 l, i64 r, i64 n) { assert(l <= r && n <= r - l); unordered_set s; for (i64 i = n; i; --i) { i64 m = randint(l, r + 1 - i); if (s.find(m) != s.end()) m = r - i; s.insert(m); } vector ret; for (auto& x : s) ret.push_back(x); return ret; } // [0.0, 1.0) double rnd() { return rng() * 5.42101086242752217004e-20; } template void randshf(vector& v) { int n = v.size(); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) swap(v[i], v[randint(0, i + 1)]); } } // namespace my_rand using my_rand::randint; using my_rand::randset; using my_rand::randshf; using my_rand::rnd; using my_rand::rng; struct ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt { using mint = ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt; using i32 = int32_t; using u32 = uint32_t; using u64 = uint64_t; static u32 mod; static u32 r; static u32 n2; static u32 get_r() { u32 ret = mod; for (i32 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret; return ret; } static void set_mod(u32 m) { assert(m < (1 << 30)); assert((m & 1) == 1); mod = m; n2 = -u64(m) % m; r = get_r(); assert(r * mod == 1); } u32 a; ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt() : a(0) {} ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt(const int64_t &b) : a(reduce(u64(b % mod + mod) * n2)){}; static u32 reduce(const u64 &b) { return (b + u64(u32(b) * u32(-r)) * mod) >> 32; } mint &operator+=(const mint &b) { if (i32(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } mint &operator-=(const mint &b) { if (i32(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } mint &operator*=(const mint &b) { a = reduce(u64(a) * b.a); return *this; } mint &operator/=(const mint &b) { *this *= b.inverse(); return *this; } mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; } mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; } mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; } mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; } bool operator==(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } bool operator!=(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); } mint pow(u64 n) const { mint ret(1), mul(*this); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) { return os << b.get(); } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) { int64_t t; is >> t; b = ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt(t); return (is); } mint inverse() const { return pow(mod - 2); } u32 get() const { u32 ret = reduce(a); return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret; } static u32 get_mod() { return mod; } }; typename ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt::u32 ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt::mod; typename ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt::u32 ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt::r; typename ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt::u32 ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt::n2; struct montgomery64 { using mint = montgomery64; using i64 = int64_t; using u64 = uint64_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; static u64 mod; static u64 r; static u64 n2; static u64 get_r() { u64 ret = mod; for (i64 i = 0; i < 5; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret; return ret; } static void set_mod(u64 m) { assert(m < (1LL << 62)); assert((m & 1) == 1); mod = m; n2 = -u128(m) % m; r = get_r(); assert(r * mod == 1); } u64 a; montgomery64() : a(0) {} montgomery64(const int64_t &b) : a(reduce((u128(b) + mod) * n2)){}; static u64 reduce(const u128 &b) { return (b + u128(u64(b) * u64(-r)) * mod) >> 64; } mint &operator+=(const mint &b) { if (i64(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } mint &operator-=(const mint &b) { if (i64(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod; return *this; } mint &operator*=(const mint &b) { a = reduce(u128(a) * b.a); return *this; } mint &operator/=(const mint &b) { *this *= b.inverse(); return *this; } mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; } mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; } mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; } mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; } bool operator==(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } bool operator!=(const mint &b) const { return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a); } mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); } mint pow(u128 n) const { mint ret(1), mul(*this); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) { return os << b.get(); } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) { int64_t t; is >> t; b = montgomery64(t); return (is); } mint inverse() const { return pow(mod - 2); } u64 get() const { u64 ret = reduce(a); return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret; } static u64 get_mod() { return mod; } }; typename montgomery64::u64 montgomery64::mod, montgomery64::r, montgomery64::n2; namespace fast_factorize { using u64 = uint64_t; template bool miller_rabin(u64 n, vector as) { if (mint::get_mod() != n) mint::set_mod(n); u64 d = n - 1; while (~d & 1) d >>= 1; mint e{1}, rev{int64_t(n - 1)}; for (u64 a : as) { if (n <= a) break; u64 t = d; mint y = mint(a).pow(t); while (t != n - 1 && y != e && y != rev) { y *= y; t *= 2; } if (y != rev && t % 2 == 0) return false; } return true; } bool is_prime(u64 n) { if (~n & 1) return n == 2; if (n <= 1) return false; if (n < (1LL << 30)) return miller_rabin(n, {2, 7, 61}); else return miller_rabin( n, {2, 325, 9375, 28178, 450775, 9780504, 1795265022}); } template T pollard_rho(T n) { if (~n & 1) return 2; if (is_prime(n)) return n; if (mint::get_mod() != n) mint::set_mod(n); mint R, one = 1; auto f = [&](mint x) { return x * x + R; }; auto rnd_ = [&]() { return rng() % (n - 2) + 2; }; while (1) { mint x, y, ys, q = one; R = rnd_(), y = rnd_(); T g = 1; constexpr int m = 128; for (int r = 1; g == 1; r <<= 1) { x = y; for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) y = f(y); for (int k = 0; g == 1 && k < r; k += m) { ys = y; for (int i = 0; i < m && i < r - k; ++i) q *= x - (y = f(y)); g = inner::gcd(q.get(), n); } } if (g == n) do g = inner::gcd((x - (ys = f(ys))).get(), n); while (g == 1); if (g != n) return g; } exit(1); } using i64 = long long; vector inner_factorize(u64 n) { if (n <= 1) return {}; u64 p; if (n <= (1LL << 30)) p = pollard_rho(n); else p = pollard_rho(n); if (p == n) return {i64(p)}; auto l = inner_factorize(p); auto r = inner_factorize(n / p); copy(begin(r), end(r), back_inserter(l)); return l; } vector factorize(u64 n) { auto ret = inner_factorize(n); sort(begin(ret), end(ret)); return ret; } map factor_count(u64 n) { map mp; for (auto &x : factorize(n)) mp[x]++; return mp; } vector divisors(u64 n) { if (n == 0) return {}; vector> v; for (auto &p : factorize(n)) { if (v.empty() || v.back().first != p) { v.emplace_back(p, 1); } else { v.back().second++; } } vector ret; auto f = [&](auto rc, int i, i64 x) -> void { if (i == (int)v.size()) { ret.push_back(x); return; } for (int j = v[i].second;; --j) { rc(rc, i + 1, x); if (j == 0) break; x *= v[i].first; } }; f(f, 0, 1); sort(begin(ret), end(ret)); return ret; } } // namespace fast_factorize using fast_factorize::divisors; using fast_factorize::factor_count; using fast_factorize::factorize; using fast_factorize::is_prime; /** * @brief 高速素因数分解(Miller Rabin/Pollard's Rho) * @docs docs/prime/fast-factorize.md */ using mint = ArbitraryModInt; using namespace Nyaan; void q() { ini(K); vp pe(K); in(pe); ll p = pe.back().first; vi kouho; rep1(i, p) kouho.push_back(i); Timer timer; for (int mod = TEN(9); mod <= TEN(9) + 1000; mod++) { if (timer.elapsed() > 2500) break; if (is_prime(mod) == false) continue; mint::set_mod(mod); Binomial C(p + 1); mint cur = 1; each2(pp, e, pe) cur *= mint{pp}.pow(e); vi nxt; each(r, kouho) { if (C(p, r) == cur) nxt.push_back(r); } swap(kouho, nxt); } if (sz(kouho)) out(p, kouho.back()); else out(-1, -1); } void Nyaan::solve() { int t = 1; // in(t); while (t--) q(); }