import sys readline = sys.stdin.readline ans = 1 mod = 10 ** 9 + 7 L = int(readline()) for i in range(L): d, e = map(int, readline().split()) ans *= pow(d - 1, mod - 2, mod) * (d * (pow(d, e + 1, mod) - 1) * pow(d - 1, mod - 2, mod) - (e + 1) ) ans %= mod print(ans)