import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;

public class Main {
    static final int MOD = 998244353;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner();
        int h = sc.nextInt();
        int w = sc.nextInt();
        int n = sc.nextInt();
        int p = sc.nextInt();
        TreeMap<Integer, TreeSet<Integer>> places = new TreeMap<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int x = sc.nextInt();
            int y = sc.nextInt();
            if (!places.containsKey(x)) {
                places.put(x, new TreeSet<>());
            }
            places.get(x).add(y);
        }
        TreeMap<Integer, Integer> current = new TreeMap<>();
        current.put(0, 0);
        for (TreeSet<Integer> x : places.values()) {
            TreeMap<Integer, Integer> next = new TreeMap<>();
            next.put(0, 0);
            for (int y : x) {
                next.put(y, current.floorEntry(y).getValue() + 1);
            }
            current = next;
        }
        int count = current.lastEntry().getValue();
        int all = h + w - 3;
        long except = pow(p - 2, count) * pow(p - 1, all - count) % MOD * pow(pow(p, all), MOD - 2) %  MOD;
        System.out.println((1 + MOD - except) % MOD);
    }
    
    static long pow(long x, int p) {
        if (p == 0) {
            return 1;
        } else if (p % 2 == 0) {
            return pow(x * x % MOD, p / 2);
        } else {
            return pow(x, p - 1) * x % MOD;
        }
    }
}
class Utilities {
    static String arrayToLineString(Object[] arr) {
        return Arrays.stream(arr).map(x -> x.toString()).collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));
    }
    
    static String arrayToLineString(int[] arr) {
        return String.join("\n", Arrays.stream(arr).mapToObj(String::valueOf).toArray(String[]::new));
    }
}
class Scanner {
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer("");
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    
    public Scanner() throws Exception {
        
    }
    
    public int nextInt() throws Exception {
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }
    
    public long nextLong() throws Exception {
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }
    
    public double nextDouble() throws Exception {
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
    
    public int[] nextIntArray() throws Exception {
        return Stream.of(br.readLine().split(" ")).mapToInt(Integer::parseInt).toArray();
    }
    
    public String next() throws Exception {
        while (!st.hasMoreTokens()) {
            st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
        }
        return st.nextToken();
    }
    
}