#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

constexpr int mod = 998244353;

struct IoSetup {
  IoSetup() {
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cout << fixed << setprecision(10);
    cerr << fixed << setprecision(10);
  }
} iosetup;

/**
 * @brief Montgomery ModInt
 */
template< uint32_t mod, bool fast = false >
struct MontgomeryModInt {
  using mint = MontgomeryModInt;
  using i32 = int32_t;
  using i64 = int64_t;
  using u32 = uint32_t;
  using u64 = uint64_t;

  static constexpr u32 get_r() {
    u32 ret = mod;
    for(i32 i = 0; i < 4; i++) ret *= 2 - mod * ret;
    return ret;
  }

  static constexpr u32 r = get_r();
  static constexpr u32 n2 = -u64(mod) % mod;

  static_assert(r * mod == 1, "invalid, r * mod != 1");
  static_assert(mod < (1 << 30), "invalid, mod >= 2 ^ 30");
  static_assert((mod & 1) == 1, "invalid, mod % 2 == 0");

  u32 x;

  MontgomeryModInt() : x{} {}

  MontgomeryModInt(const i64 &a)
      : x(reduce(u64(fast ? a : (a % mod + mod)) * n2)) {}

  static constexpr u32 reduce(const u64 &b) {
    return u32(b >> 32) + mod - u32((u64(u32(b) * r) * mod) >> 32);
  }

  mint &operator+=(const mint &p) {
    if(i32(x += p.x - 2 * mod) < 0) x += 2 * mod;
    return *this;
  }

  mint &operator-=(const mint &p) {
    if(i32(x -= p.x) < 0) x += 2 * mod;
    return *this;
  }

  mint &operator*=(const mint &p) {
    x = reduce(u64(x) * p.x);
    return *this;
  }

  mint &operator/=(const mint &p) {
    *this *= p.inverse();
    return *this;
  }

  mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; }

  mint operator+(const mint &p) const { return mint(*this) += p; }

  mint operator-(const mint &p) const { return mint(*this) -= p; }

  mint operator*(const mint &p) const { return mint(*this) *= p; }

  mint operator/(const mint &p) const { return mint(*this) /= p; }

  bool operator==(const mint &p) const { return (x >= mod ? x - mod : x) == (p.x >= mod ? p.x - mod : p.x); }

  bool operator!=(const mint &p) const { return (x >= mod ? x - mod : x) != (p.x >= mod ? p.x - mod : p.x); }

  u32 get() const {
    u32 ret = reduce(x);
    return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret;
  }

  mint pow(u64 n) const {
    mint ret(1), mul(*this);
    while(n > 0) {
      if(n & 1) ret *= mul;
      mul *= mul;
      n >>= 1;
    }
    return ret;
  }

  mint inverse() const {
    return pow(mod - 2);
  }

  friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &p) {
    return os << p.get();
  }

  friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &a) {
    i64 t;
    is >> t;
    a = mint(t);
    return is;
  }

  static u32 get_mod() { return mod; }
};

using modint = MontgomeryModInt< mod >;

template< typename T >
struct BinaryIndexedTree {
private:
  int n;
  vector< T > data;

public:
  BinaryIndexedTree() = default;

  explicit BinaryIndexedTree(int n) : n(n) {
    data.assign(n + 1, T());
  }

  explicit BinaryIndexedTree(const vector< T > &v) :
      BinaryIndexedTree((int) v.size()) {
    build(v);
  }

  void build(const vector< T > &v) {
    assert(n == (int) v.size());
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) data[i] = v[i - 1];
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
      int j = i + (i & -i);
      if(j <= n) data[j] += data[i];
    }
  }

  void apply(int k, const T &x) {
    for(++k; k <= n; k += k & -k) data[k] += x;
  }

  T prod(int r) const {
    T ret = T();
    for(; r > 0; r -= r & -r) ret += data[r];
    return ret;
  }

  T prod(int l, int r) const {
    return prod(r) - prod(l);
  }

  int lower_bound(T x) const {
    int i = 0;
    for(int k = 1 << (__lg(n) + 1); k > 0; k >>= 1) {
      if(i + k <= n && data[i + k] < x) {
        x -= data[i + k];
        i += k;
      }
    }
    return i;
  }

  int upper_bound(T x) const {
    int i = 0;
    for(int k = 1 << (__lg(n) + 1); k > 0; k >>= 1) {
      if(i + k <= n && data[i + k] <= x) {
        x -= data[i + k];
        i += k;
      }
    }
    return i;
  }
};

int main() {
  int N;
  cin >> N;
  vector< int > P(N);
  for(auto& p : P) cin >> p, --p;
  vector< modint > mul2(N);
  mul2[0] = 1;
  for(int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
    mul2[i] = mul2[i - 1] + mul2[i - 1];
  }
  modint ret = 0;
  long long inv = 0;
  BinaryIndexedTree< int > bit1(N);
  BinaryIndexedTree< modint > bit2(N);
  for(int i = N - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    inv += bit1.prod(P[i]);
    ret -= bit2.prod(P[i]) * mul2[i];
    bit1.apply(P[i], 1);
    bit2.apply(P[i], mul2[N - i - 1]);
  }
  cout << ret + mul2[N - 1] * inv << endl;
}