import sys

# sys.setrecursionlimit(200005)
int1 = lambda x: int(x)-1
pDB = lambda *x: print(*x, end="\n", file=sys.stderr)
p2D = lambda x: print(*x, sep="\n", end="\n\n", file=sys.stderr)
def II(): return int(sys.stdin.readline())
def LI(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
def LLI(rows_number): return [LI() for _ in range(rows_number)]
def LI1(): return list(map(int1, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
def LLI1(rows_number): return [LI1() for _ in range(rows_number)]
def SI(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip()

dij = [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0)]
# dij = [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, -1), (-1, 1), (-1, -1)]
inf = (1 << 63)-1
# inf = (1 << 31)-1
# md = 10**9+7
md = 998244353

class BitSum:
    def __init__(self, n):
        self._n = n+1
        self._table = [0]*self._n
        self._origin = [0]*n

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return self._origin[item]

    def add(self, i, x):
        self._origin[i] += x
        i += 1
        while i < self._n:
            self._table[i] += x
            i += i & -i

    def sum(self, i):
        i += 1
        res = 0
        while i > 0:
            res += self._table[i]
            i -= i & -i
        return res

    def sumlr(self, l, r):
        if l >= r: return 0
        if l == 0: return self.sum(r-1)
        return self.sum(r-1)-self.sum(l-1)

    # return "min(i) of sum(i)>=x" or "N"
    def bisect(self, x):
        idx = 0
        d = 1 << (self._n-1).bit_length()-1
        while d:
            if idx+d < self._n and self._table[idx+d] < x:
                x -= self._table[idx+d]
                idx |= d
            d >>= 1
        return idx

n = II()
aa = LI1()

pw = [1]*n
for i in range(n-1): pw[i+1] = pw[i]*2%md

ans = 0
bit = BitSum(n)
for i in range(n)[::-1]:
    a = aa[i]
    ans += bit.sum(a)*pw[n-1]%md
    ans %= md
    bit.add(a, 1)

bit = BitSum(n)
for i in range(n)[::-1]:
    a = aa[i]
    ans -= bit.sum(a)*pw[i]%md
    ans %= md
    bit.add(a, pw[n-1-i])

print(ans)