#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <atcoder/all>

#define ALL(V) std::begin(V), std::end(V)

using ll = long long;
using modint = atcoder::modint998244353;

int main() {
    int N;
    std::cin >> N;
    std::vector<int> P(N), rP(N);
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        std::cin >> P[i];
        P[i]--;
        rP[P[i]] = i;
    }

    std::vector<modint> pow2(N + 10);
    pow2[0] = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < N + 9; i++) pow2[i + 1] = pow2[i] * 2;

    modint ans = 0;
    {
        atcoder::fenwick_tree<modint> cnt(N);
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            int idx = rP[i];
            auto sum = cnt.sum(idx, N);
            ans += sum;
            cnt.add(idx, 1);
        }
        ans *= pow2[N - 1];
    }
    
    atcoder::fenwick_tree<modint> ft(N);
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        int idx = rP[i];
        auto sum = ft.sum(idx, N);
        int p = N - 1 + idx;
        ans -= sum * pow2[p];
        ft.add(idx, pow2[idx].inv());
    }
    std::cout << ans.val() << std::endl;
    return 0;
}