#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <numeric>
#include <map>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <set>
#include <fstream>
#include <chrono>
#include <random>
#include <bitset>
#include <atcoder/all>
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<(n);i++)
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define rall(x) x.rbegin(), x.rend()
#define sz(x) ((int)(x).size())
#define pb push_back
using ll = long long;
using namespace std;
template<class T>bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if (a<b) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T>bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if (b<a) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; }
ll gcd(ll a, ll b) {return b?gcd(b,a%b):a;}
ll lcm(ll a, ll b) {return a/gcd(a,b)*b;}

const ll mod = 998244353;

vector<ll> p2,p2i;

ll mpow(ll a, ll x){
  ll res = 1;
  while(x > 0){
    if(x & 1) res = (res * a) % mod;
    a = (a * a) % mod;
    x >>= 1;
  }
  return res;
}

ll inv(ll x){
  ll res = 1, k = mod - 2;
  while(k){
    if(k&1) res = (res * x) % mod;
    x = (x * x) % mod;
    k >>= 1;
  }
  return res;
}

ll op1(ll a,ll b){return (a+b)%mod;}
ll e1(){return 0LL;}

ll op(ll a,ll b){
  return (a+b)%mod;
}
ll e(){return 0LL;}
ll mapping(ll f, ll x){
  return x * p2i[f] % mod;
}
ll composition(ll f, ll g){
  return f+g;
}
ll id(){return 0LL;}



int main(){
  p2.resize(300000);
  rep(i,300000) p2[i] = mpow(2,i);
  p2i.resize(300000);
  rep(i,300000) p2i[i] = inv(p2[i]);
  ll N; cin >> N;
  vector<ll> A(N);
  rep(i,N) cin >> A[i];
  rep(i,N) A[i]--;
  atcoder::segtree<ll,op1,e1> seg1(N);
  atcoder::lazy_segtree<ll,op,e,ll,mapping,composition,id> seg(N);
  ll ans = 0;
  rep(i,N){
    seg.apply(0,N,1);
    ans += (seg1.prod(A[i]+1,N)-seg.prod(A[i]+1,N)+mod)%mod * p2[N-1] % mod;
    seg.set(A[i],1);
    seg1.set(A[i],1);
  }
  cout << ans%mod << '\n';
  return 0;
}