import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline
from collections import *

class BIT:
    def __init__(self, n):
        self.n = n
        self.bit = [0]*(n+1)
    
    def add(self, i, x):
        i += 1
        
        while i<=self.n:
            self.bit[i] += x
            i += i&(-i)

    def acc(self, i):
        s = 0
        
        while i>0:
            s += self.bit[i]
            i -= i&(-i)
        
        return s

N = int(input())
P = list(map(int, input().split()))
P = list(map(lambda x: x-1, P))
MOD = 998244353
bit = BIT(N)
inv = 0

for i in range(N):
    inv += i-bit.acc(P[i])
    bit.add(P[i], 1)
    
ans = inv*pow(2, N-1, MOD)%MOD
bit = BIT(N)

for i in range(N):
    ans -= pow(2, N-1-i, MOD)*(bit.acc(N)-bit.acc(P[i]))%MOD
    ans %= MOD
    bit.add(P[i], pow(2, i, MOD))

print(ans)