#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <limits>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <functional>
#include <random>
#include <set>
#include <atcoder/string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <climits>
#include <atcoder/lazysegtree>

using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using namespace atcoder;

const long long BASE_NUM = 998244353;
// https://scrapbox.io/pocala-kyopro/%E6%8B%A1%E5%BC%B5%E3%83%A6%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%81%AE%E4%BA%92%E9%99%A4%E6%B3%95
//  https://ei1333.github.io/luzhiled/snippets/math/combination.html
template <int mod>
struct ModInt
{
  int x;

  ModInt() : x(0) {}

  ModInt(int64_t y) : x(y >= 0 ? y % mod : (mod - (-y) % mod) % mod) {}

  ModInt &operator+=(const ModInt &p)
  {
    if ((x += p.x) >= mod)
      x -= mod;
    return *this;
  }

  ModInt &operator-=(const ModInt &p)
  {
    if ((x += mod - p.x) >= mod)
      x -= mod;
    return *this;
  }

  ModInt &operator*=(const ModInt &p)
  {
    x = (int)(1LL * x * p.x % mod);
    return *this;
  }

  ModInt &operator/=(const ModInt &p)
  {
    *this *= p.inverse();
    return *this;
  }

  ModInt operator-() const { return ModInt(-x); }

  ModInt operator+(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) += p; }

  ModInt operator-(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) -= p; }

  ModInt operator*(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) *= p; }

  ModInt operator/(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) /= p; }

  bool operator==(const ModInt &p) const { return x == p.x; }

  bool operator!=(const ModInt &p) const { return x != p.x; }

  ModInt inverse() const
  {
    int a = x, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t;
    while (b > 0)
    {
      t = a / b;
      swap(a -= t * b, b);
      swap(u -= t * v, v);
    }
    return ModInt(u);
  }

  ModInt pow(int64_t n) const
  {
    ModInt ret(1), mul(x);
    while (n > 0)
    {
      if (n & 1)
        ret *= mul;
      mul *= mul;
      n >>= 1;
    }
    return ret;
  }

  friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ModInt &p)
  {
    return os << p.x;
  }

  friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, ModInt &a)
  {
    int64_t t;
    is >> t;
    a = ModInt<mod>(t);
    return (is);
  }

  static int get_mod() { return mod; }
};
using modint = ModInt<BASE_NUM>;

template <typename T>
struct Combination
{
  vector<T> _fact, _rfact, _inv;

  Combination(int sz) : _fact(sz + 1), _rfact(sz + 1), _inv(sz + 1)
  {
    _fact[0] = _rfact[sz] = _inv[0] = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= sz; i++)
      _fact[i] = _fact[i - 1] * i;
    _rfact[sz] /= _fact[sz];
    for (int i = sz - 1; i >= 0; i--)
      _rfact[i] = _rfact[i + 1] * (i + 1);
    for (int i = 1; i <= sz; i++)
      _inv[i] = _rfact[i] * _fact[i - 1];
  }

  inline T fact(int k) const { return _fact[k]; }

  inline T rfact(int k) const { return _rfact[k]; }

  inline T inv(int k) const { return _inv[k]; }

  T P(int n, int r) const
  {
    if (r < 0 || n < r)
      return 0;
    return fact(n) * rfact(n - r);
  }

  T C(int p, int q) const
  {
    if (q < 0 || p < q)
      return 0;
    return fact(p) * rfact(q) * rfact(p - q);
  }

  T H(int n, int r) const
  {
    if (n < 0 || r < 0)
      return (0);
    return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r);
  }
};

using modint = ModInt<BASE_NUM>;

//zero indexed and vector
template< typename T>
class BIT
{
public:
    vector<T> data;
    BIT(long long n) : data(n) {}
    //　indexに足す
    void add(int index, T v)
    {
        int N = data.size();
        for (int i = index; i < N; i |= i + 1)
        {
            data[i] += v;
        }
    }

    // [0,index)の和
    T sum(int index)
    {
        T retValue = 0;
        for (int i = index - 1; i >= 0; i = (i & (i + 1)) - 1)
        {
            retValue += data[i];
        }
        return retValue;
    }

    // [l,r)の和
    T sum(int l,int r)
    {
        return sum(r) - sum(l);
    }

    void show(){
        for (auto v:data){
            cout << v << endl;
        }
    }
};

int solve()
{
    ll N;
    cin >> N;
    vector<ll> P(N);
    vector<ll> revP(N);
    for(int i = 0;i < N;i++){
        cin >> P[i];
        P[i]--;
        revP[P[i]] = i;
    }
    modint two = 2;
    BIT<modint> bitPower(N);
    BIT<modint> bitOne(N);
    modint ans = 0;
    for(int i = 0;i < N;i++){
        ll index = revP[i];
        // cout << i << ":" << two.pow(N-1)*bitOne.sum(index,N) -  bitPower.sum(index,N)*two.pow(index)  << endl;
        ans += two.pow(N-1)*bitOne.sum(index,N) -  bitPower.sum(index,N)*two.pow(index);
        bitPower.add(index,two.pow(N-1-index));
        bitOne.add(index,1);
    }
    cout << ans << endl;
    return 0;
}
int main()
{
    // ll T;
    // cin >> T;
    // while (T--)
    // {
        solve();
    // }
    cout << flush;
    return 0;
}