#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#ifdef _RUTHEN
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define show(...) true
#endif

using ll = long long;
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); i++)
template <class T> using V = vector<T>;

#include <atcoder/fenwicktree>
#include <atcoder/modint>
using mint = atcoder::modint998244353;

int main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    int N;
    cin >> N;
    V<int> P(N);
    rep(i, N) {
        cin >> P[i];
        P[i]--;
    }
    V<mint> p2(N, 1);
    rep(i, N - 1) p2[i + 1] = 2 * p2[i];
    mint ans = 0, inv = 0;
    atcoder::fenwick_tree<mint> seg(N), fen(N);
    rep(i, N) {
        // inversion number
        inv += fen.sum(P[i], N);
        fen.add(P[i], 1);

        ans += seg.sum(P[i], N) * p2[N - 1 - i];
        seg.add(P[i], p2[i]);
    }
    mint res = inv * p2[N - 1] - ans;
    cout << res.val() << '\n';
    return 0;
}