#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define rep(i, a, b) for (int i = int(a); i < int(b); i++) using namespace std; using ll = long long int; // NOLINT using P = pair; // clang-format off #ifdef _DEBUG_ #define dump(...) do{ cerr << __LINE__ << ":\t" << #__VA_ARGS__ << " = "; debug_print(__VA_ARGS__); } while(false) template void debug_print(const T &t, const Ts &...ts) { cerr << t; ((cerr << ", " << ts), ...); cerr << endl; } #else #define dump(...) do{ } while(false) #endif template vector make_v(size_t a, T b) { return vector(a, b); } template auto make_v(size_t a, Ts... ts) { return vector(a, make_v(ts...)); } template bool chmin(T &a, const T& b) { if (a > b) {a = b; return true; } return false; } template bool chmax(T &a, const T& b) { if (a < b) {a = b; return true; } return false; } template void print(const T& t, const Ts&... ts) { cout << t; ((cout << ' ' << ts), ...); cout << '\n'; } template void input(Ts&... ts) { (cin >> ... >> ts); } template istream &operator,(istream &in, T &t) { return in >> t; } struct Inf { template constexpr operator T() { return numeric_limits::max() / 2; } }; // clang-format on template class ModInt { ll n; auto constexpr inverse() const { return this->pow(*this, this->mod - 2); } public: constexpr static ll mod = MOD; using mint = ModInt; constexpr ModInt() : n(0) {} constexpr ModInt(const ll &nn) : n(((nn % MOD) + MOD) % MOD) {} constexpr mint operator+=(const mint &m) { n += m.n; if (n >= mint::mod) n -= mint::mod; return *this; } constexpr mint operator-=(const mint &m) { n -= m.n; if (n < 0) n += mint::mod; return *this; } constexpr mint operator*=(const mint &m) { n *= m.n; if (n >= mint::mod) n %= mint::mod; return *this; } constexpr mint operator/=(const mint &m) { return (*this) *= m.inverse(); } friend constexpr mint operator+(mint t, const mint &m) { return t += m; } friend constexpr mint operator-(mint t, const mint &m) { return t -= m; } friend constexpr mint operator*(mint t, const mint &m) { return t *= m; } friend constexpr mint operator/(mint t, const mint &m) { return t /= m; } constexpr mint operator=(const ll &l) { n = l % mint::mod; if (n < 0) n += mint::mod; return *this; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const mint &m) { out << m.n; return out; } friend istream &operator>>(istream &in, mint &m) { ll l; in >> l; m = l; return in; } static constexpr auto pow(const mint &x, ll p) { mint ans = 1; for (auto m = x; p > 0; p /= 2, m *= m) { if (p % 2) ans *= m; } return ans; } constexpr ll get_raw() const { return n; } }; using mint = ModInt<998244353>::mint; constexpr mint operator"" _m(unsigned long long m) { return mint(m); } int main() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int n, k; cin >> n >> k; mint ans = 1; const int mx = 200010; vector ein(mx, 0), eout(mx, 0); rep(i, 0, n) { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; ein[a]++; eout[b]++; } int sz = 0; rep(i, 0, mx) { while (eout[i]) { eout[i]--; sz--; } while (ein[i]) { ans *= k - sz; ein[i]--; sz++; } } print(mint::pow(k, n) - ans); return 0; }