#ifndef LOCAL #define FAST_IO #endif // ============ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define OVERRIDE(a, b, c, d, ...) d #define REP2(i, n) for (i32 i = 0; i < (i32)(n); ++i) #define REP3(i, m, n) for (i32 i = (i32)(m); i < (i32)(n); ++i) #define REP(...) OVERRIDE(__VA_ARGS__, REP3, REP2)(__VA_ARGS__) #define PER(i, n) for (i32 i = (i32)(n) - 1; i >= 0; --i) #define ALL(x) begin(x), end(x) using namespace std; using u32 = unsigned int; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i32 = signed int; using i64 = signed long long; using f64 = double; using f80 = long double; template using Vec = vector; template bool chmin(T &x, const T &y) { if (x > y) { x = y; return true; } return false; } template bool chmax(T &x, const T &y) { if (x < y) { x = y; return true; } return false; } template Vec> runlength(const Vec &a) { if (a.empty()) { return Vec>(); } Vec> ret; i32 prv = 0; REP(i, 1, a.size()) { if (a[i - 1] != a[i]) { ret.emplace_back(prv, i, a[i - 1]); prv = i; } } ret.emplace_back(prv, (i32)a.size(), a.back()); return ret; } #ifdef INT128 using u128 = __uint128_t; using i128 = __int128_t; istream &operator>>(istream &is, i128 &x) { i64 v; is >> v; x = v; return is; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, i128 x) { os << (i64)x; return os; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, u128 &x) { u64 v; is >> v; x = v; return is; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, u128 x) { os << (u64)x; return os; } #endif [[maybe_unused]] constexpr i32 INF = 1000000100; [[maybe_unused]] constexpr i64 INF64 = 3000000000000000100; struct SetUpIO { SetUpIO() { #ifdef FAST_IO ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); #endif cout << fixed << setprecision(15); } } set_up_io; // ============ #ifdef DEBUGF #else #define DBG(x) (void)0 #endif // ============ #include #include #include class UnionFind { std::vector par; int _root(int v) { if (par[v] < 0) { return v; } else { return par[v] = _root(par[v]); } } public: UnionFind(int n) : par(n, -1) {} int root(int v) { assert(v >= 0 && v < (int) par.size()); return _root(v); } int size(int v) { assert(v >= 0 && v < (int) par.size()); return -par[_root(v)]; } bool unite(int u, int v) { assert(u >= 0 && u < (int) par.size() && v >= 0 && v < (int) par.size()); u = _root(u); v = _root(v); if (u == v) { return false; } if (par[u] < par[v]) { std::swap(u, v); } par[v] += par[u]; par[u] = v; return true; } bool same(int u, int v) { assert(u >= 0 && u < (int) par.size() && v >= 0 && v < (int) par.size()); return _root(u) == _root(v); } }; // ============ int main() { i32 n; cin >> n; Vec p(n); REP(i, n) { cin >> p[i]; --p[i]; } i32 comp = n; UnionFind uf(n); REP(i, n) { if (uf.unite(i, p[i])) { --comp; } } cout << n - comp << '\n'; }