#include using namespace std; using ll = long long; template struct prime_modint { using mint = prime_modint; unsigned int v; prime_modint() : v(0) {} prime_modint(unsigned int a) { a %= MOD; v = a; } prime_modint(unsigned long long a) { a %= MOD; v = a; } prime_modint(int a) { a %= (int)(MOD); if(a < 0)a += MOD; v = a; } prime_modint(long long a) { a %= (int)(MOD); if(a < 0)a += MOD; v = a; } static constexpr int mod() { return MOD; } mint& operator++() {v++; if(v == MOD)v = 0; return *this;} mint& operator--() {if(v == 0)v = MOD; v--; return *this;} mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { v += rhs.v; if(v >= MOD) v -= MOD; return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { if(v < rhs.v) v += MOD; v -= rhs.v; return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { v = (unsigned int)((unsigned long long)(v) * rhs.v % MOD); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint r = 1, x = *this; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { assert(v); return pow(MOD - 2); } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return (lhs.v == rhs.v); } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return (lhs.v != rhs.v); } friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream &os, const mint& rhs) noexcept { return os << rhs.v; } }; //using mint = prime_modint<1000000007>; using mint = prime_modint<998244353>; constexpr int bsf_constexpr(unsigned int n) { int x = 0; while (!(n & (1 << x))) x++; return x; } template struct fft_info { const int g = primitive_root(mint::mod()); static constexpr int rank2 = bsf_constexpr(mint::mod() - 1); std::array root; // root[i]^(2^i) == 1 std::array iroot; // root[i] * iroot[i] == 1 std::array rate2; std::array irate2; std::array rate3; std::array irate3; fft_info() { root[rank2] = mint(g).pow((mint::mod() - 1) >> rank2); iroot[rank2] = root[rank2].inv(); for (int i = rank2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) { root[i] = root[i + 1] * root[i + 1]; iroot[i] = iroot[i + 1] * iroot[i + 1]; } { mint prod = 1, iprod = 1; for (int i = 0; i <= rank2 - 2; i++) { rate2[i] = root[i + 2] * prod; irate2[i] = iroot[i + 2] * iprod; prod *= iroot[i + 2]; iprod *= root[i + 2]; } } { mint prod = 1, iprod = 1; for (int i = 0; i <= rank2 - 3; i++) { rate3[i] = root[i + 3] * prod; irate3[i] = iroot[i + 3] * iprod; prod *= iroot[i + 3]; iprod *= root[i + 3]; } } } int ceil_pow2(int n) { int x = 0; while ((1U << x) < (unsigned int)(n)) x++; return x; } int bsf(unsigned int n) { #ifdef _MSC_VER unsigned long index; _BitScanForward(&index, n); return index; #else return __builtin_ctz(n); #endif } constexpr long long safe_mod(long long x, long long m) { x %= m; if (x < 0) x += m; return x; } constexpr long long pow_mod_constexpr(long long x, long long n, int m) { if (m == 1) return 0; unsigned int _m = (unsigned int)(m); unsigned long long r = 1; unsigned long long y = safe_mod(x, m); while (n) { if (n & 1) r = (r * y) % _m; y = (y * y) % _m; n >>= 1; } return r; } constexpr int primitive_root(int m) { if (m == 2) return 1; if (m == 167772161) return 3; if (m == 469762049) return 3; if (m == 754974721) return 11; if (m == 998244353) return 3; int divs[20] = {}; divs[0] = 2; int cnt = 1; int x = (m - 1) / 2; while (x % 2 == 0) x /= 2; for (int i = 3; (long long)(i)*i <= x; i += 2) { if (x % i == 0) { divs[cnt++] = i; while (x % i == 0) x /= i; } } if (x > 1) divs[cnt++] = x; for (int g = 2;; g++) { bool ok = true; for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { if (pow_mod_constexpr(g, (m - 1) / divs[i], m) == 1) { ok = false; break; } } if (ok) return g; } } void butterfly(std::vector& a) { int n = int(a.size()); int h = ceil_pow2(n); int len = 0; // a[i, i+(n>>len), i+2*(n>>len), ..] is transformed while (len < h) { if (h - len == 1) { int p = 1 << (h - len - 1); mint rot = 1; for (int s = 0; s < (1 << len); s++) { int offset = s << (h - len); for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) { auto l = a[i + offset]; auto r = a[i + offset + p] * rot; a[i + offset] = l + r; a[i + offset + p] = l - r; } if (s + 1 != (1 << len)) rot *= rate2[bsf(~(unsigned int)(s))]; } len++; } else { // 4-base int p = 1 << (h - len - 2); mint rot = 1, imag = root[2]; for (int s = 0; s < (1 << len); s++) { mint rot2 = rot * rot; mint rot3 = rot2 * rot; int offset = s << (h - len); for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) { auto mod2 = 1ULL * mint::mod() * mint::mod(); auto a0 = 1ULL * a[i + offset].v; auto a1 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + p].v * rot.v; auto a2 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + 2 * p].v * rot2.v; auto a3 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + 3 * p].v * rot3.v; auto a1na3imag = 1ULL * mint(a1 + mod2 - a3).v * imag.v; auto na2 = mod2 - a2; a[i + offset] = a0 + a2 + a1 + a3; a[i + offset + 1 * p] = a0 + a2 + (2 * mod2 - (a1 + a3)); a[i + offset + 2 * p] = a0 + na2 + a1na3imag; a[i + offset + 3 * p] = a0 + na2 + (mod2 - a1na3imag); } if (s + 1 != (1 << len)) rot *= rate3[bsf(~(unsigned int)(s))]; } len += 2; } } } void butterfly_inv(std::vector& a) { int n = int(a.size()); int h = ceil_pow2(n); int len = h; while (len) { if (len == 1) { int p = 1 << (h - len); mint irot = 1; for (int s = 0; s < (1 << (len - 1)); s++) { int offset = s << (h - len + 1); for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) { auto l = a[i + offset]; auto r = a[i + offset + p]; a[i + offset] = l + r; a[i + offset + p] = (unsigned long long)(mint::mod() + l.v - r.v) * irot.v; } if (s + 1 != (1 << (len - 1))) irot *= irate2[bsf(~(unsigned int)(s))]; } len--; } else { // 4-base int p = 1 << (h - len); mint irot = 1, iimag = iroot[2]; for (int s = 0; s < (1 << (len - 2)); s++) { mint irot2 = irot * irot; mint irot3 = irot2 * irot; int offset = s << (h - len + 2); for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) { auto a0 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + 0 * p].v; auto a1 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + 1 * p].v; auto a2 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + 2 * p].v; auto a3 = 1ULL * a[i + offset + 3 * p].v; auto a2na3iimag = 1ULL * mint((mint::mod() + a2 - a3) * iimag.v).v; a[i + offset] = a0 + a1 + a2 + a3; a[i + offset + 1 * p] = (a0 + (mint::mod() - a1) + a2na3iimag) * irot.v; a[i + offset + 2 * p] = (a0 + a1 + (mint::mod() - a2) + (mint::mod() - a3)) * irot2.v; a[i + offset + 3 * p] = (a0 + (mint::mod() - a1) + (mint::mod() - a2na3iimag)) * irot3.v; } if (s + 1 != (1 << (len - 2))) irot *= irate3[bsf(~(unsigned int)(s))]; } len -= 2; } } } std::vector convolution_naive(const std::vector& a, const std::vector& b) { int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size()); std::vector ans(n + m - 1); if (n < m) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { ans[i + j] += a[i] * b[j]; } } } else { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { ans[i + j] += a[i] * b[j]; } } } return ans; } std::vector convolution_fft(std::vector a, std::vector b) { int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size()); int z = 1 << ceil_pow2(n + m - 1); a.resize(z), butterfly(a); b.resize(z), butterfly(b); for (int i = 0; i < z; i++) a[i] *= b[i]; butterfly_inv(a); a.resize(n + m - 1); mint iz = mint(z).inv(); for (int i = 0; i < n + m - 1; i++) a[i] *= iz; return a; } }; template std::vector convolution(std::vector&& a, std::vector&& b) { int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size()); if (!n || !m) return {}; static fft_info info; if (std::min(n, m) <= 60) return info.convolution_naive(a, b); return info.convolution_fft(a, b); } template std::vector convolution(std::vector& a, std::vector& b) { int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size()); if (!n || !m) return {}; using mint = prime_modint; std::vector a2(n), b2(m), c2; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) a2[i] = mint(a[i]); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) b2[i] = mint(b[i]); static fft_info info; if (std::min(n, m) <= 60) c2 = info.convolution_naive(a2, b2); else c2 = info.convolution_fft(a2, b2); std::vector c(n + m - 1); for (int i = 0; i < n + m - 1; i++) c[i] = c2[i].v; return c; } std::vector convolution_ll(std::vector& a, std::vector& b) { int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size()); if (!n || !m) return {}; auto safe_mod = [&](long long x, long long m) { x %= m; if (x < 0) x += m; return x; }; static constexpr unsigned long long MOD1 = 754974721; // 2^24 static constexpr unsigned long long MOD2 = 167772161; // 2^25 static constexpr unsigned long long MOD3 = 469762049; // 2^26 static constexpr unsigned long long M2M3 = MOD2 * MOD3; static constexpr unsigned long long M1M3 = MOD1 * MOD3; static constexpr unsigned long long M1M2 = MOD1 * MOD2; static constexpr unsigned long long M1M2M3 = MOD1 * MOD2 * MOD3; static constexpr unsigned long long i1 = 190329765; //inv_gcd(MOD2 * MOD3, MOD1).second static constexpr unsigned long long i2 = 58587104; //inv_gcd(MOD1 * MOD3, MOD2).second static constexpr unsigned long long i3 = 187290749; //inv_gcd(MOD1 * MOD2, MOD3).second auto c1 = convolution(a, b); auto c2 = convolution(a, b); auto c3 = convolution(a, b); std::vector c(n + m - 1); for (int i = 0; i < n + m - 1; i++) { unsigned long long x = 0; x += (c1[i] * i1) % MOD1 * M2M3; x += (c2[i] * i2) % MOD2 * M1M3; x += (c3[i] * i3) % MOD3 * M1M2; long long diff = c1[i] - safe_mod((long long)(x), (long long)(MOD1)); if (diff < 0) diff += MOD1; static constexpr unsigned long long offset[5] = {0, 0, M1M2M3, 2 * M1M2M3, 3 * M1M2M3}; x -= offset[diff % 5]; c[i] = x; } return c; } int main(){ ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); int H, W; cin >> H >> W; vector fact(H + W + 1), inv(H + W + 1), a(H + 1), b(W + 1); fact[0] = 1; for(int i = 1; i <= H + W; i++) fact[i] = i * fact[i - 1]; inv[H + W] = 1 / fact[H + W]; for(int i = H + W; i >= 1; i--) inv[i - 1] = i * inv[i]; for(int i = 0; i <= H / 2; i++) a[H - i] = inv[i] * inv[H - 2 * i]; for(int i = 0; i <= W / 2; i++) b[W - i] = inv[i] * inv[W - 2 * i]; auto c = convolution(a, b); mint ans; for(int i = (H + W) / 2; i <= H + W; i++) ans += fact[i] * c[i]; cout << ans << '\n'; }