#include #include #define all(a) begin(a),end(a) #define eb emplace_back #define ep emplace #define ef(...) else if(__VA_ARGS__) #define wh(...) while(__VA_ARGS__) #define fin(...) rr pp(__VA_ARGS__) #define RD(T,...) T __VA_ARGS__;li(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) RD(ll,__VA_ARGS__) #define ST(...) RD(str,__VA_ARGS__) #define UL(n,...) u1 __VA_ARGS__;resize({n},__VA_ARGS__);li(__VA_ARGS__) #define UV(n,...) u1 __VA_ARGS__;resize({n},__VA_ARGS__);vi(__VA_ARGS__) #define SS(n,...) strs __VA_ARGS__;resize({n},__VA_ARGS__);li(__VA_ARGS__) #define U2(n,m,...) u2 __VA_ARGS__;resize({n,m},__VA_ARGS__);li(__VA_ARGS__) #define fe(v,e,...) for(auto&&__VA_OPT__([)e __VA_OPT__(,__VA_ARGS__)__VA_OPT__(]):v) #define fo(i,...) for(ll i=rng_fo(__VA_ARGS__)[0],i##stop=rng_fo(__VA_ARGS__)[1],i##step=rng_fo(__VA_ARGS__)[2];i=i##stop;i-=i##step) #define debug(...) pp(#__VA_ARGS__,__VA_ARGS__) #define I(...) template<__VA_ARGS__> #define J typename #define O operator #define ce constexpr #define cs const #define rr return #define uu using uu vo=void;vo solve();uu std::cin;uu std::cout;uu std::swap;uu std::lower_bound;uu std::upper_bound;uu std::vector;uu std::multiset; uu std::deque;uu std::tuple;uu std::array;uu std::begin;uu std::end;uu is=std::istream;uu os=std::ostream; uu bo=bool;uu dd=long double;uu ll=long long;uu i64=ll;uu i128=__int128_t;uu ul=unsigned long long;uu u64=ul;uu u128=__uint128_t; I(J T)uu v1=vector;I(J T)uu v2=v1>;uu u1=v1;uu u2=v2;uu str=std::string;uu strs=v1;str sp=" ",nc="",nl="\n"; uu ml=atcoder::modint998244353;is&O>>(is&i,ml&x){ll t;i>>t;x=t;rr i;}os&O<<(os&o,cs ml&x){rr o<;uu m2=v2; I(J A,J B=A)struct cp{A a;B b;cp():a(),b(){}cp(A a,B b):a(a),b(b){}cp(std::pairp):a(p.first),b(p.second){} cp&O+=(cs cp&c){a+=c.a,b+=c.b;rr*this;}cp O+(cs cp&c)cs{rr cp{*this}+=c;}bo O==(cs cp&c)cs{rr a==c.a&&b==c.b;} cp&O-=(cs cp&c){a-=c.a,b-=c.b;rr*this;}cp O-(cs cp&c)cs{rr cp{*this}-=c;}bo O!=(cs cp&c)cs{rr a!=c.a||b!=c.b;}cp O-()cs{rr cp(-a,-b);} bo O<(cs cp&c)cs{rr a!=c.a?a>(is&i,cp&c){rr i>>c.a>>c.b;} bo O>(cs cp&c)cs{rr a!=c.a?a>c.a:b>c.b;}friend os&O<<(os&o,cs cp&c){rr o<;uu cls=v1;I(J T)uu qmax=std::priority_queue;I(J T)uu qmin=std::priority_queue,std::greater>; I(J T)struct mset:multiset{uu multiset::multiset;vo erase(cs T&x){if(auto p=this->find(x);p!=this->end())multiset::erase(p);}}; I(J T)uu set=std::set;I(J T)uu uset=std::unordered_set;I(J T,J U=T)uu map=std::map;I(J T,J U=T)uu umap=std::unordered_map; ce ll oo=3e18;dd ee=1e-12,pi=acosl(-1);str Yes(bo y=1){rr y?"Yes":"No";}str No(){rr"No";}ll ppc(ll x){rr __builtin_popcountll(x);} ll rnd(ll l,ll r=oo){static ul x=76,y=53,z=20,w=41;ul t=x^(x<<11);x=y,y=z,z=w,w=(w^(w>>19))^(t^(t>>8));if(r==oo)r=l,l=0;rr w%(r-l)+l;} ll l2(u128 x){x|=1;ll r=0;wh(x)x>>=1,++r;rr r;}bo odd(ll x){rr x&1;}bo eve(ll x){rr~x&1;}ll pm1(ll x){rr 1-2*(x&1);}ll pw2(ll n){rr 1LL<>i&1;}I(J T,J U,J V)bo in(T l,U m,V r){rr l<=m&&m=0?x/y:(x+1)/y-1;}arrayrng_fo(ll a,ll b=oo,ll c=0){if(b==oo)b=a,a=0;if(!c)c=1;rr{a,b,c};} I(J T)T cei(T x,T y){rr y<0?x=-x,y=-y:x<=0?x/y:(x-1)/y+1;}arrayrng_of(ll a,ll b=0,ll c=0){if(!c)c=1;rr{a-1,b,c};} I(J T)auto&O++(v1&v,int){fe(v,e)++e;rr v;}I(J T)auto&O^=(v1&v,cs v1&u){copy(all(u),back_inserter(v));rr v;} I(J T)auto&O--(v1&v,int){fe(v,e)--e;rr v;}I(J T)auto O^(v1v,cs v1&u){rr v^=u;} I(J T)T&srt(T&a){sort(all(a));rr a;}I(J T)T&rv(T&a){reverse(all(a));rr a;}I(J T)T slice(cs T&a,ll l,ll r){rr T(begin(a)+l,begin(a)+r);} I(J T)T&rsr(T&a){srt(a),rv(a);rr a;}I(J T)T&uq(T&a){srt(a),a.erase(unique(all(a)),end(a));rr a;}I(J T)uu ilis=std::initializer_list; I(J T)decltype(auto)bg(T&a){rr*begin(a);}I(J T)T pof(deque&q){T r=bg(q);q.pop_front();rr r;}I(J T)ce bo is_vec=0; I(J T)decltype(auto)rb(T&a){rr*rbegin(a);}I(J T)T pob(deque&q){T r=rb(q);q.pop_back();rr r;}I(J T)ce bo is_vec> =1; I(J T)auto pop(T&a){if ce(is_vec||std::is_same_v){auto r=rb(a);a.pop_back();rr r;}else{auto r=a.top();a.pop();rr r;}} I(J...A)auto max(cs A&...a){rr std::max(ilis>{a...});}I(J T,J U=T)vo af(v1&a,U e={}){a.ep(begin(a),e);} I(J...A)auto min(cs A&...a){rr std::min(ilis>{a...});}I(J T)vo df(T&a){a.erase(begin(a));} I(J T,J U)bo amax(T&a,cs U&b){rr a&a,cs U&b){rr lower_bound(all(a),b)-begin(a);} I(J T,J U)bo amin(T&a,cs U&b){rr a>b?a=b,1:0;}I(J T,J U)ll argub(cs v1&a,cs U&b){rr upper_bound(all(a),b)-begin(a);} I(J V)auto vec_defval(cs v1&){if ce(is_vec)rr vec_defval(V());else rr V();}I(J T)bo add(T&a,cs T&b){rr a+=b,1;} I(J S,bo f(S&,cs S&),J V)cpscan(cs v1&v){//semigroup S r{};bo b=0;if ce(std::is_same_v)fe(v,x)b?f(r,x):(r=x,b=1);else fe(v,x)if(auto[y,c]=scan(x);c)b?f(r,y):(r=y,b=1);rr{r,b};} I(J V,J T=decltype(vec_defval(V())))T max(cs V&v){rr scan>(v).a;}I(J T)ll len(cs T&a){rr a.size();} I(J V,J T=decltype(vec_defval(V())))T min(cs V&v){rr scan>(v).a;}u1 io(ll n,ll x=0){u1 a(n);iota(all(a),x);rr a;} I(J V,J T=decltype(vec_defval(V())))T sum(cs V&v){rr scan>(v).a;}I(J F,J...A)vo swl(cs F&f,A&...a){(vo)ilis{(vo(f(a)),0)...};} I(J T=ll,ll k=0,ll n)auto vec(cs ll(&s)[n],cs T&x={}){if ce(k==n-1)rr vector(s[k],x);else rr vector(s[k],vec(s,x));} I(ll n,J...A)vo resize(cs ll(&s)[n],A&...a){swl([&](auto&u){u=vec(s,vec_defval(u));},a...);} I(J V,J T=decltype(vec_defval(V())))vo fill(v1&v,T x={}){if ce(is_vec)fe(v,e)fill(e,x);else fe(v,e)e=x;} struct fio{fio(){cin.tie(0)->sync_with_stdio(0);cout<&v){str s=nl;if ce(is_vec){if ce(is_vec)s+=nl;}else s=sp;fe(v,e)o<&v){fe(v,e)o<&m){fe(m,e)o<&v){fe(v,e)o<>(is&i,v1&v){fe(v,e)i>>e;rr i;} I(J T)vo pp(cs T&a){cout<>...>>a);}I(J...A)vo vi(ll i,A&...a){(cin>>...>>a[i]);} I(J T,J...A)vo pp(cs T&a,cs A&...b){cout<&a,A&...b){fo(i,len(a))vi(i,a,b...);} struct edg{ll t,w;edg(){}edg(ll t,ll w=1):t(t),w(w){}};uu graph=v2; graph tog(cs u2&a){graph g;fe(a,e){g.eb();fe(e,v)rb(g).eb(v);}rr g;}u2 tou(cs graph&g){u2 a;fe(g,e){a.eb();fe(e,v,w)rb(a).eb(v);}rr a;} cpygi(u2&g,ll m,bo f=1){UV(m,a,b);if(f)a--,b--;fo(i,m)g[a[i]].eb(b[i]);rr{a,b};} cpmgi(u2&g,ll m,bo f=1){auto[a,b]=ygi(g,m,f);fo(i,m)g[b[i]].eb(a[i]);rr{a,b};}auto ti(u2&g,bo f=1){rr mgi(g,len(g)-1,f);} u1 en(cs str&s,cs str&b="a"){ll n=len(s);u1 r(n,-1);fo(i,n)if(len(b)==1)r[i]=s[i]-b[0];else fo(j,len(b))if(s[i]==b[j])r[i]=j;rr r;} str de(cs u1&a,cs str&b="a"){ll n=len(a);str r(n,'|');fo(i,n)if(len(b)==1)r[i]=a[i]+b[0];else fo(j,len(b))if(a[i]==j)r[i]=b[j];rr r;} u2 en(cs strs&s,cs str&b="a"){u2 r;fe(s,e)r.eb(en(e,b));rr r;}str ins(){str s;li(s);rr s;}strs inss(ll n){strs s(n);li(s);rr s;} strs de(cs u2&a,cs str&b="a"){ll n=len(a);strs r(n);fo(i,n)r[i]=de(a[i],b);rr r;}u1 abc(){rr en(ins());}u2 abcs(ll n){rr en(inss(n));} I(J...A)u1 zp(A&...a){u1 v;fe({a...},e)v^=e;uq(v);swl([&](u1&u){fe(u,e)e=arglb(v,e);},a...);rr v;} I(J F,J...A)u1 vs(cs F&f,A&...a){ll n;fe({a...},e)n=len(e);u1 o=io(n);sort(all(o),f);swl([&](u1&u){u1 c=u;fo(i,n)u[i]=c[o[i]];},a...);rr o;} I(J F)ll bsl(cs F&f,ll o,ll n){wh(abs(o-n)>1)(f((o+n)/2)?o:n)=(o+n)/2;rr o;}ll sqr(ll x){ll r=max(sqrtl(x)-1,dd());wh(r+1<=x/(r+1))++r;rr r;} I(J F)dd bsd(cs F&f,dd o,dd n){fo(t,l2(abs(o-n)/ee)+1)(f((o+n)/2)?o:n)=(o+n)/2;rr o;}I(J T)auto zt(v1a){fo(i,1,len(a))a[i]+=a[i-1];rr a;} cls rle(cs u1&a){cls r;fe(a,e)len(r)&&e==rb(r).a?++rb(r).b:r.eb(e,1).b;rr r;}cls rce(u1 a){rr rle(srt(a));} i128 po(i128 x,u128 n,u128 m=0){i128 r=1;wh(n){if(n&1)r*=x;x*=x;if(m)r%=m,x%=m;n>>=1;}rr r;} u1 divs(ll n){u1 r;for(ll i=1;i*i<=n;i++)if(n%i==0)r.eb(i),r.eb(n/i);rr uq(r);} cls fact(ll n){umapm;for(ll i=2;i*i<=n;i++)wh(n%i==0)++m[i],n/=i;if(n>1)++m[n];cls r;fe(m,e)r.eb(e);rr srt(r);} ll l10(u128 x){x|=1;ll r=0;wh(x)x/=10,++r;rr r;} I(J node_t,J dp_t,J EDGE)struct rerooting_dp{ struct DP{ dp_t val; ll size; DP(){} DP(dp_t val,ll size):val(val),size(size){} }; cs DP id=DP(0,0); DP merge(DP x,DP su){ rr{su.val+x.val,su.size+x.size}; }; DP merge_edge(DP x,EDGE e){ rr x; }; DP merge_root(DP x,ll u){ rr{(x.val+1)*ml(10).pow(A[u]),x.size+1}; }; v2dp; v1res; v2g; v1A; ll n,r=0; rerooting_dp(cs v2&g,cs v1&A={}):g(g),n(len(g)),A(A){ dp.resize(n); res.resize(n); build(); } vo build(){ dfs(r); //根をrとする普通の木dp(全方位木dpにおける初期化) bfs(r,id); } DP dfs(ll u,ll p=-1){ DP su=id; ll deg=len(g[u]); dp[u]=v1(deg,id); fo(i,deg)if(ll v=g[u][i].t;v!=p){ dp[u][i]=dfs(v,u);//vを根とする部分木の結果 dp[u][i]=merge_edge(dp[u][i],g[u][i]); //辺(u,v)を追加. su=merge(su,dp[u][i]); } rr merge_root(su,u); } vo bfs(ll u,cs DP&dpp,ll p=-1){ ll deg=len(g[u]); fo(i,deg)if(g[u][i].t==p){ dp[u][i]=dpp; dp[u][i]=merge_edge(dp[u][i],g[u][i]); //dfs(v,u)の下の行と同様. } v1dpl(deg+1,id),dpr(deg+1,id); fo(i,deg)dpl[i+1]=merge(dpl[i],dp[u][i]); of(i,deg)dpr[i]=merge(dpr[i+1],dp[u][i]); res[u]=dpl[deg]; //res[u]=merge_root(dpl[deg],u); fo(i,deg){ ll v=g[u][i].t; //merge_root(merge(dpl[i],dpr[i+1]),u):uを根とする木(ただしvの部分木を除く)に関する値. if(v!=p)bfs(v,merge_root(merge(dpl[i],dpr[i+1]),u),u); } } }; I(J edge_t)struct edge{ ll t; edge_t w; edge(){} edge(ll t,edge_t w={}):t(t),w(w){} }; int main(){ll T=1;fo(t,T)solve();} vo solve(){ LL(N); UL(N,a); v2>g(N); fo(i,N-1){ LL(u,v);u--,v--; g[u].eb(v); g[v].eb(u); } u1 l(N); fo(i,N)l[i]=l10(a[i]); rerooting_dp>rt(g,l); ml ans=0; fo(i,N){ ml t=0; fo(j,len(g[i])){ t+=rt.dp[i][j].val*a[i]*(N-rt.dp[i][j].size); } ans+=t+a[i]*N; } pp(ans); }