#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;
using ll = long long;

//RSQ (0-indexed)
template<class T> struct BIT {
    vector<T> bit;
    int N;

    BIT (int n){
        N = n;
        bit.resize(N);
    }

    void add(int loc, T val){
        loc++;
        while(loc <= N){
            bit[loc-1] += val;
            loc += loc & -loc;
        }
    }

    T sum(int l, int r){
        T res = _sum(r) - _sum(l-1);
        return res;
    }

    T _sum(int r){
        r++;
        T res = 0;
        while(r > 0){
            res += bit[r-1];
            r -= r & -r;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

const ll modc = 998244353;
class mint {
    ll x;
public:
    mint(ll x=0) : x((x%modc+modc)%modc) {}
    mint operator-() const {
      return mint(-x);
    }
    mint& operator+=(const mint& a) {
        if ((x += a.x) >= modc) x -= modc;
        return *this;
    }
    mint& operator-=(const mint& a) {
        if ((x += modc-a.x) >= modc) x -= modc;
        return *this;
    }
    mint& operator*=(const  mint& a) {
        (x *= a.x) %= modc;
        return *this;
    }
    mint operator+(const mint& a) const {
        mint res(*this);
        return res+=a;
    }
    mint operator-(const mint& a) const {
        mint res(*this);
        return res-=a;
    }
    mint operator*(const mint& a) const {
        mint res(*this);
        return res*=a;
    }
    mint pow(ll t) const {
        if (!t) return 1;
        mint a = pow(t>>1);
        a *= a;
        if (t&1) a *= *this;
        return a;
    }
    mint inv() const {
        return pow(modc-2);
    }
    mint& operator/=(const mint& a) {
        return (*this) *= a.inv();
    }
    mint operator/(const mint& a) const {
        mint res(*this);
        return res/=a;
    }
    bool operator == (const mint& a) const{
        return x == a.x;
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const mint& m){
        os << m.x;
        return os;
    }
    friend istream& operator>>(istream& ip, mint &m) {
        ll t;
        ip >> t;
        m = mint(t);
        return ip;
    }
    ll val(){
        return x;
    }
};

int main(){
 
    int N;
    mint ans=0, ti=mint(2).inv();
    cin >> N;
    vector<int> P(N+1);
    for (int i=1; i<=N; i++) cin >> P[i];
    BIT<mint> tc(N+1), ts(N+1);

    vector<mint> tp(N*2+1), tip(N*2+1);
    tp[0] = 1; tip[0] = 1;
    for (int i=1; i<=N*2; i++) tp[i] = tp[i-1] * 2, tip[i] = ti * tip[i-1];

    for (int i=1; i<=N; i++){
        ans += tc.sum(P[i]+1, N) * tp[N-1];
        ans -= ts.sum(P[i]+1, N) * tip[i];
        tc.add(P[i], 1);
        ts.add(P[i], tp[N+i-1]);
    }

    cout << ans << endl;

    return 0;
}