import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline

Pow2 = [pow(2, i) for i in range(60)]

for _ in range(int(input())):
    x, y = map(int, input().split())
    B = [0 for _ in range(60)]
    xc = x
    for i in range(60):
        xc, r = divmod(xc, 2)
        B[i] = r
    r = y
    while r < 59 and B[r + 1] == 1:
        r += 1
    ans = 0
    for i in range(r + 1):
        ans += Pow2[i]
    print(ans)