#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#ifdef LOCAL
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define debug(...) void(0)
#endif

struct UnionFind {
    UnionFind(int n) : n(n), num(n), data(n, -1) {}

    int find(int x) {
        assert(0 <= x && x < n);
        return data[x] < 0 ? x : data[x] = find(data[x]);
    }

    bool merge(int x, int y) {
        assert(0 <= x && x < n);
        assert(0 <= y && y < n);
        if ((x = find(x)) == (y = find(y))) return false;
        if (-data[x] < -data[y]) std::swap(x, y);
        data[x] += data[y];
        data[y] = x;
        num--;
        return true;
    }

    bool same(int x, int y) {
        assert(0 <= x && x < n);
        assert(0 <= y && y < n);
        return find(x) == find(y);
    }

    int size(int x) {
        assert(0 <= x && x < n);
        return -data[find(x)];
    }

    int count() const { return num; }

    std::vector<std::vector<int>> groups() {
        std::vector<std::vector<int>> res(n);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) res[find(i)].emplace_back(i);
        res.erase(std::remove_if(res.begin(), res.end(), [&](const std::vector<int>& v) { return v.empty(); }));
        return res;
    }

    int operator[](int x) { return find(x); }

private:
    int n, num;
    // root node : -1 * component size
    // otherwise : parent
    std::vector<int> data;
};

using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
constexpr int INF = (1 << 30) - 1;
constexpr long long IINF = (1LL << 60) - 1;
constexpr int dx[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0}, dy[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1};

template <class T> istream& operator>>(istream& is, vector<T>& v) {
    for (auto& x : v) is >> x;
    return is;
}

template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const vector<T>& v) {
    auto sep = "";
    for (const auto& x : v) os << exchange(sep, " ") << x;
    return os;
}

template <class T, class U = T> bool chmin(T& x, U&& y) { return y < x and (x = forward<U>(y), true); }

template <class T, class U = T> bool chmax(T& x, U&& y) { return x < y and (x = forward<U>(y), true); }

template <class T> void mkuni(vector<T>& v) {
    sort(begin(v), end(v));
    v.erase(unique(begin(v), end(v)), end(v));
}

template <class T> int lwb(const vector<T>& v, const T& x) { return lower_bound(begin(v), end(v), x) - begin(v); }

int main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    int N, M;
    cin >> N >> M;
    vector<int> deg(N, 0);
    UnionFind uf(N);
    for (; M--;) {
        int U, V;
        cin >> U >> V;
        deg[--U]++;
        deg[--V]--;
        uf.merge(U, V);
    }

    vector<int> sum(N, 0);
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) sum[uf[i]] += max(0, deg[i]);
    int cnt = 0, nonzero = 0, ans = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        if (i != uf[i]) continue;
        cnt += (uf.size(i) > 1);
        nonzero += (sum[i] != 0);
        ans += sum[i];
    }
    if (cnt == 1)
        ans = max(0, ans - 1);
    else
        ans += cnt - 1 - nonzero;

    cout << ans << '\n';
    return 0;
}