import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline
def read_values(): return tuple(map(int, input().split()))


def floor_sum(n,m,a,b):
    res=0
    if a>=m:
        res+=n*(n-1)//2*(a//m)
        a%=m
    if b>=m:
        res+=n*(b//m)
        b%=m
    last=a*(n-1)+b
    if last>=m:
        lastdiv=last//m
        lastmod=last%m
        res+=lastdiv+floor_sum(lastdiv,a,m,lastmod)
    return res
        

def main():
    q=int(input())
    for _ in range(q):
        n,d,m,s=read_values()
        l=0
        r=n+1
        ts=1
        for _ in range(s):
            ts*=2
        while l+1<r:
            mid=(l+r)//2
            if abs(mid*ts-m*mid*d) < d*ts:
                l=mid
            else:
                r=mid
        right=min(l,n)
        ans=right
        ans-=abs(floor_sum(right,d,1,1)-floor_sum(right,ts,m,m))
        print(ans)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()