#line 1 "main.cpp" #define PROBLEM "https://yukicoder.me/problems/no/590" #line 1 "library/my_template.hpp" #if defined(LOCAL) #include #else #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using u32 = unsigned int; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i128 = __int128; using u128 = unsigned __int128; using f128 = __float128; template constexpr T infty = 0; template <> constexpr int infty = 1'000'000'000; template <> constexpr ll infty = ll(infty) * infty * 2; template <> constexpr u32 infty = infty; template <> constexpr u64 infty = infty; template <> constexpr i128 infty = i128(infty) * infty; template <> constexpr double infty = infty; template <> constexpr long double infty = infty; using pi = pair; using vi = vector; template using vc = vector; template using vvc = vector>; template using vvvc = vector>; template using vvvvc = vector>; template using vvvvvc = vector>; template using pq = priority_queue; template using pqg = priority_queue, greater>; #define vv(type, name, h, ...) \ vector> name(h, vector(__VA_ARGS__)) #define vvv(type, name, h, w, ...) \ vector>> name( \ h, vector>(w, vector(__VA_ARGS__))) #define vvvv(type, name, a, b, c, ...) \ vector>>> name( \ a, vector>>( \ b, vector>(c, vector(__VA_ARGS__)))) // https://trap.jp/post/1224/ #define FOR1(a) for (ll _ = 0; _ < ll(a); ++_) #define FOR2(i, a) for (ll i = 0; i < ll(a); ++i) #define FOR3(i, a, b) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); ++i) #define FOR4(i, a, b, c) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); i += (c)) #define FOR1_R(a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i) #define FOR2_R(i, a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i) #define FOR3_R(i, a, b) for (ll i = (b)-1; i >= ll(a); --i) #define overload4(a, b, c, d, e, ...) e #define overload3(a, b, c, d, ...) d #define FOR(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, FOR4, FOR3, FOR2, FOR1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_R(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, FOR3_R, FOR2_R, FOR1_R)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_subset(t, s) \ for (ll t = (s); t >= 0; t = (t == 0 ? -1 : (t - 1) & (s))) #define all(x) x.begin(), x.end() #define len(x) ll(x.size()) #define elif else if #define eb emplace_back #define mp make_pair #define mt make_tuple #define fi first #define se second #define stoi stoll int popcnt(int x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } int popcnt(u32 x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } int popcnt(ll x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } int popcnt(u64 x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } // (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 1, 2) int topbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); } int topbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); } int topbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); } int topbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); } // (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 0, 2) int lowbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); } int lowbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); } int lowbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); } int lowbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); } template T ceil(T x, U y) { return (x > 0 ? (x + y - 1) / y : x / y); } template T floor(T x, U y) { return (x > 0 ? x / y : (x - y + 1) / y); } template pair divmod(T x, U y) { T q = floor(x, y); return {q, x - q * y}; } template T SUM(const vector &A) { T sum = 0; for (auto &&a: A) sum += a; return sum; } #define MIN(v) *min_element(all(v)) #define MAX(v) *max_element(all(v)) #define LB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), lower_bound(all(c), (x))) #define UB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), upper_bound(all(c), (x))) #define UNIQUE(x) \ sort(all(x)), x.erase(unique(all(x)), x.end()), x.shrink_to_fit() template T POP(deque &que) { T a = que.front(); que.pop_front(); return a; } template T POP(pq &que) { T a = que.top(); que.pop(); return a; } template T POP(pqg &que) { assert(!que.empty()); T a = que.top(); que.pop(); return a; } template T POP(vc &que) { assert(!que.empty()); T a = que.back(); que.pop_back(); return a; } template ll binary_search(F check, ll ok, ll ng, bool check_ok = true) { if (check_ok) assert(check(ok)); while (abs(ok - ng) > 1) { auto x = (ng + ok) / 2; tie(ok, ng) = (check(x) ? mp(x, ng) : mp(ok, x)); } return ok; } template double binary_search_real(F check, double ok, double ng, int iter = 100) { FOR(iter) { double x = (ok + ng) / 2; tie(ok, ng) = (check(x) ? mp(x, ng) : mp(ok, x)); } return (ok + ng) / 2; } template inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) { return (a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } template inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) { return (a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } // ? は -1 vc s_to_vi(const string &S, char first_char) { vc A(S.size()); FOR(i, S.size()) { A[i] = (S[i] != '?' ? S[i] - first_char : -1); } return A; } template vector cumsum(vector &A, int off = 1) { int N = A.size(); vector B(N + 1); FOR(i, N) { B[i + 1] = B[i] + A[i]; } if (off == 0) B.erase(B.begin()); return B; } // stable sort template vector argsort(const vector &A) { vector ids(len(A)); iota(all(ids), 0); sort(all(ids), [&](int i, int j) { return (A[i] == A[j] ? i < j : A[i] < A[j]); }); return ids; } // A[I[0]], A[I[1]], ... template vc rearrange(const vc &A, const vc &I) { vc B(len(I)); FOR(i, len(I)) B[i] = A[I[i]]; return B; } #endif #line 1 "library/other/io.hpp" // based on yosupo's fastio #include namespace fastio { #define FASTIO // クラスが read(), print() を持っているかを判定するメタ関数 struct has_write_impl { template static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.write(), std::true_type{}); template static auto check(...) -> std::false_type; }; template class has_write : public decltype(has_write_impl::check(std::declval())) { }; struct has_read_impl { template static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.read(), std::true_type{}); template static auto check(...) -> std::false_type; }; template class has_read : public decltype(has_read_impl::check(std::declval())) {}; struct Scanner { FILE *fp; char line[(1 << 15) + 1]; size_t st = 0, ed = 0; void reread() { memmove(line, line + st, ed - st); ed -= st; st = 0; ed += fread(line + ed, 1, (1 << 15) - ed, fp); line[ed] = '\0'; } bool succ() { while (true) { if (st == ed) { reread(); if (st == ed) return false; } while (st != ed && isspace(line[st])) st++; if (st != ed) break; } if (ed - st <= 50) { bool sep = false; for (size_t i = st; i < ed; i++) { if (isspace(line[i])) { sep = true; break; } } if (!sep) reread(); } return true; } template ::value, int> = 0> bool read_single(T &ref) { if (!succ()) return false; while (true) { size_t sz = 0; while (st + sz < ed && !isspace(line[st + sz])) sz++; ref.append(line + st, sz); st += sz; if (!sz || st != ed) break; reread(); } return true; } template ::value, int> = 0> bool read_single(T &ref) { if (!succ()) return false; bool neg = false; if (line[st] == '-') { neg = true; st++; } ref = T(0); while (isdigit(line[st])) { ref = 10 * ref + (line[st++] & 0xf); } if (neg) ref = -ref; return true; } template ::value>::type * = nullptr> inline bool read_single(T &x) { x.read(); return true; } bool read_single(double &ref) { string s; if (!read_single(s)) return false; ref = std::stod(s); return true; } bool read_single(char &ref) { string s; if (!read_single(s) || s.size() != 1) return false; ref = s[0]; return true; } template bool read_single(vector &ref) { for (auto &d: ref) { if (!read_single(d)) return false; } return true; } template bool read_single(pair &p) { return (read_single(p.first) && read_single(p.second)); } template void read_single_tuple(T &t) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size::value) { auto &x = std::get(t); read_single(x); read_single_tuple(t); } } template bool read_single(tuple &tpl) { read_single_tuple(tpl); return true; } void read() {} template void read(H &h, T &... t) { bool f = read_single(h); assert(f); read(t...); } Scanner(FILE *fp) : fp(fp) {} }; struct Printer { Printer(FILE *_fp) : fp(_fp) {} ~Printer() { flush(); } static constexpr size_t SIZE = 1 << 15; FILE *fp; char line[SIZE], small[50]; size_t pos = 0; void flush() { fwrite(line, 1, pos, fp); pos = 0; } void write(const char val) { if (pos == SIZE) flush(); line[pos++] = val; } template ::value, int> = 0> void write(T val) { if (pos > (1 << 15) - 50) flush(); if (val == 0) { write('0'); return; } if (val < 0) { write('-'); val = -val; // todo min } size_t len = 0; while (val) { small[len++] = char(0x30 | (val % 10)); val /= 10; } for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) { line[pos + i] = small[len - 1 - i]; } pos += len; } void write(const string s) { for (char c: s) write(c); } void write(const char *s) { size_t len = strlen(s); for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) write(s[i]); } void write(const double x) { ostringstream oss; oss << fixed << setprecision(15) << x; string s = oss.str(); write(s); } void write(const long double x) { ostringstream oss; oss << fixed << setprecision(15) << x; string s = oss.str(); write(s); } template ::value>::type * = nullptr> inline void write(T x) { x.write(); } template void write(const vector val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) write(' '); write(val[i]); } } template void write(const pair val) { write(val.first); write(' '); write(val.second); } template void write_tuple(const T t) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size::value) { if constexpr (N > 0) { write(' '); } const auto x = std::get(t); write(x); write_tuple(t); } } template bool write(tuple tpl) { write_tuple(tpl); return true; } template void write(const array val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) write(' '); write(val[i]); } } void write(i128 val) { string s; bool negative = 0; if (val < 0) { negative = 1; val = -val; } while (val) { s += '0' + int(val % 10); val /= 10; } if (negative) s += "-"; reverse(all(s)); if (len(s) == 0) s = "0"; write(s); } }; Scanner scanner = Scanner(stdin); Printer printer = Printer(stdout); void flush() { printer.flush(); } void print() { printer.write('\n'); } template void print(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) { printer.write(head); if (sizeof...(Tail)) printer.write(' '); print(forward(tail)...); } void read() {} template void read(Head &head, Tail &... tail) { scanner.read(head); read(tail...); } } // namespace fastio using fastio::print; using fastio::flush; using fastio::read; #define INT(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) \ ll __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define CHAR(...) \ char __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define DBL(...) \ double __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(type, name, size) \ vector name(size); \ read(name) #define VV(type, name, h, w) \ vector> name(h, vector(w)); \ read(name) void YES(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "YES" : "NO"); } void NO(bool t = 1) { YES(!t); } void Yes(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "Yes" : "No"); } void No(bool t = 1) { Yes(!t); } void yes(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "yes" : "no"); } void no(bool t = 1) { yes(!t); } #line 2 "library/graph/tree.hpp" #line 2 "library/graph/base.hpp" template struct Edge { int frm, to; T cost; int id; }; template struct Graph { int N, M; using cost_type = T; using edge_type = Edge; vector edges; vector indptr; vector csr_edges; vc vc_deg, vc_indeg, vc_outdeg; bool prepared; class OutgoingEdges { public: OutgoingEdges(const Graph* G, int l, int r) : G(G), l(l), r(r) {} const edge_type* begin() const { if (l == r) { return 0; } return &G->csr_edges[l]; } const edge_type* end() const { if (l == r) { return 0; } return &G->csr_edges[r]; } private: const Graph* G; int l, r; }; bool is_prepared() { return prepared; } constexpr bool is_directed() { return directed; } Graph() : N(0), M(0), prepared(0) {} Graph(int N) : N(N), M(0), prepared(0) {} void build(int n) { N = n, M = 0; prepared = 0; edges.clear(); indptr.clear(); csr_edges.clear(); vc_deg.clear(); vc_indeg.clear(); vc_outdeg.clear(); } void add(int frm, int to, T cost = 1, int i = -1) { assert(!prepared); assert(0 <= frm && 0 <= to && to < N); if (i == -1) i = M; auto e = edge_type({frm, to, cost, i}); edges.eb(e); ++M; } // wt, off void read_tree(bool wt = false, int off = 1) { read_graph(N - 1, wt, off); } void read_graph(int M, bool wt = false, int off = 1) { for (int m = 0; m < M; ++m) { INT(a, b); a -= off, b -= off; if (!wt) { add(a, b); } else { T c; read(c); add(a, b, c); } } build(); } void build() { assert(!prepared); prepared = true; indptr.assign(N + 1, 0); for (auto&& e: edges) { indptr[e.frm + 1]++; if (!directed) indptr[e.to + 1]++; } for (int v = 0; v < N; ++v) { indptr[v + 1] += indptr[v]; } auto counter = indptr; csr_edges.resize(indptr.back() + 1); for (auto&& e: edges) { csr_edges[counter[e.frm]++] = e; if (!directed) csr_edges[counter[e.to]++] = edge_type({e.to, e.frm, e.cost, e.id}); } } OutgoingEdges operator[](int v) const { assert(prepared); return {this, indptr[v], indptr[v + 1]}; } vc deg_array() { if (vc_deg.empty()) calc_deg(); return vc_deg; } pair, vc> deg_array_inout() { if (vc_indeg.empty()) calc_deg_inout(); return {vc_indeg, vc_outdeg}; } int deg(int v) { if (vc_deg.empty()) calc_deg(); return vc_deg[v]; } int in_deg(int v) { if (vc_indeg.empty()) calc_deg_inout(); return vc_indeg[v]; } int out_deg(int v) { if (vc_outdeg.empty()) calc_deg_inout(); return vc_outdeg[v]; } void debug() { print("Graph"); if (!prepared) { print("frm to cost id"); for (auto&& e: edges) print(e.frm, e.to, e.cost, e.id); } else { print("indptr", indptr); print("frm to cost id"); FOR(v, N) for (auto&& e: (*this)[v]) print(e.frm, e.to, e.cost, e.id); } } vc new_idx; vc used_e; // G における頂点 V[i] が、新しいグラフで i になるようにする // {G, es} pair, vc> rearrange(vc V) { if (len(new_idx) != N) new_idx.assign(N, -1); if (len(used_e) != M) used_e.assign(M, 0); int n = len(V); FOR(i, n) new_idx[V[i]] = i; Graph G(n); vc es; FOR(i, n) { for (auto&& e: (*this)[V[i]]) { if (used_e[e.id]) continue; int a = e.frm, b = e.to; if (new_idx[a] != -1 && new_idx[b] != -1) { used_e[e.id] = 1; G.add(new_idx[a], new_idx[b], e.cost); es.eb(e.id); } } } FOR(i, n) new_idx[V[i]] = -1; for (auto&& eid: es) used_e[eid] = 0; G.build(); return {G, es}; } private: void calc_deg() { assert(vc_deg.empty()); vc_deg.resize(N); for (auto&& e: edges) vc_deg[e.frm]++, vc_deg[e.to]++; } void calc_deg_inout() { assert(vc_indeg.empty()); vc_indeg.resize(N); vc_outdeg.resize(N); for (auto&& e: edges) { vc_indeg[e.to]++, vc_outdeg[e.frm]++; } } }; #line 4 "library/graph/tree.hpp" // HLD euler tour をとっていろいろ。 // 木以外、非連結でも dfs 順序や親がとれる。 template struct Tree { using Graph_type = GT; GT &G; using WT = typename GT::cost_type; int N; vector LID, RID, head, V, parent, VtoE; vc depth; vc depth_weighted; Tree(GT &G, int r = 0, bool hld = 1) : G(G) { build(r, hld); } void build(int r = 0, bool hld = 1) { if (r == -1) return; // build を遅延したいとき N = G.N; LID.assign(N, -1), RID.assign(N, -1), head.assign(N, r); V.assign(N, -1), parent.assign(N, -1), VtoE.assign(N, -1); depth.assign(N, -1), depth_weighted.assign(N, 0); assert(G.is_prepared()); int t1 = 0; dfs_sz(r, -1, hld); dfs_hld(r, t1); } void dfs_sz(int v, int p, bool hld) { auto &sz = RID; parent[v] = p; depth[v] = (p == -1 ? 0 : depth[p] + 1); sz[v] = 1; int l = G.indptr[v], r = G.indptr[v + 1]; auto &csr = G.csr_edges; // 使う辺があれば先頭にする for (int i = r - 2; i >= l; --i) { if (hld && depth[csr[i + 1].to] == -1) swap(csr[i], csr[i + 1]); } int hld_sz = 0; for (int i = l; i < r; ++i) { auto e = csr[i]; if (depth[e.to] != -1) continue; depth_weighted[e.to] = depth_weighted[v] + e.cost; VtoE[e.to] = e.id; dfs_sz(e.to, v, hld); sz[v] += sz[e.to]; if (hld && chmax(hld_sz, sz[e.to]) && l < i) { swap(csr[l], csr[i]); } } } void dfs_hld(int v, int ×) { LID[v] = times++; RID[v] += LID[v]; V[LID[v]] = v; bool heavy = true; for (auto &&e: G[v]) { if (depth[e.to] <= depth[v]) continue; head[e.to] = (heavy ? head[v] : e.to); heavy = false; dfs_hld(e.to, times); } } vc heavy_path_at(int v) { vc P = {v}; while (1) { int a = P.back(); for (auto &&e: G[a]) { if (e.to != parent[a] && head[e.to] == v) { P.eb(e.to); break; } } if (P.back() == a) break; } return P; } int heavy_child(int v) { int k = LID[v] + 1; if (k == N) return -1; int w = V[k]; return (parent[w] == v ? w : -1); } int e_to_v(int eid) { auto e = G.edges[eid]; return (parent[e.frm] == e.to ? e.frm : e.to); } int v_to_e(int v) { return VtoE[v]; } int ELID(int v) { return 2 * LID[v] - depth[v]; } int ERID(int v) { return 2 * RID[v] - depth[v] - 1; } /* k: 0-indexed */ int LA(int v, int k) { assert(k <= depth[v]); while (1) { int u = head[v]; if (LID[v] - k >= LID[u]) return V[LID[v] - k]; k -= LID[v] - LID[u] + 1; v = parent[u]; } } int la(int u, int v) { return LA(u, v); } int LCA(int u, int v) { for (;; v = parent[head[v]]) { if (LID[u] > LID[v]) swap(u, v); if (head[u] == head[v]) return u; } } // root を根とした場合の lca int LCA_root(int u, int v, int root) { return LCA(u, v) ^ LCA(u, root) ^ LCA(v, root); } int lca(int u, int v) { return LCA(u, v); } int lca_root(int u, int v, int root) { return LCA_root(u, v, root); } int subtree_size(int v, int root = -1) { if (root == -1) return RID[v] - LID[v]; if (v == root) return N; int x = jump(v, root, 1); if (in_subtree(v, x)) return RID[v] - LID[v]; return N - RID[x] + LID[x]; } int dist(int a, int b) { int c = LCA(a, b); return depth[a] + depth[b] - 2 * depth[c]; } WT dist_weighted(int a, int b) { int c = LCA(a, b); return depth_weighted[a] + depth_weighted[b] - WT(2) * depth_weighted[c]; } // a is in b bool in_subtree(int a, int b) { return LID[b] <= LID[a] && LID[a] < RID[b]; } int jump(int a, int b, ll k) { if (k == 1) { if (a == b) return -1; return (in_subtree(b, a) ? LA(b, depth[b] - depth[a] - 1) : parent[a]); } int c = LCA(a, b); int d_ac = depth[a] - depth[c]; int d_bc = depth[b] - depth[c]; if (k > d_ac + d_bc) return -1; if (k <= d_ac) return LA(a, k); return LA(b, d_ac + d_bc - k); } vc collect_child(int v) { vc res; for (auto &&e: G[v]) if (e.to != parent[v]) res.eb(e.to); return res; } vc> get_path_decomposition(int u, int v, bool edge) { // [始点, 終点] の"閉"区間列。 vc> up, down; while (1) { if (head[u] == head[v]) break; if (LID[u] < LID[v]) { down.eb(LID[head[v]], LID[v]); v = parent[head[v]]; } else { up.eb(LID[u], LID[head[u]]); u = parent[head[u]]; } } if (LID[u] < LID[v]) down.eb(LID[u] + edge, LID[v]); elif (LID[v] + edge <= LID[u]) up.eb(LID[u], LID[v] + edge); reverse(all(down)); up.insert(up.end(), all(down)); return up; } vc restore_path(int u, int v) { vc P; for (auto &&[a, b]: get_path_decomposition(u, v, 0)) { if (a <= b) { FOR(i, a, b + 1) P.eb(V[i]); } else { FOR_R(i, b, a + 1) P.eb(V[i]); } } return P; } }; #line 2 "library/ds/unionfind/unionfind.hpp" struct UnionFind { int n, n_comp; vc dat; // par or (-size) UnionFind(int n = 0) { build(n); } void build(int m) { n = m, n_comp = m; dat.assign(n, -1); } void reset() { build(n); } int operator[](int x) { while (dat[x] >= 0) { int pp = dat[dat[x]]; if (pp < 0) { return dat[x]; } x = dat[x] = pp; } return x; } ll size(int x) { x = (*this)[x]; return -dat[x]; } bool merge(int x, int y) { x = (*this)[x], y = (*this)[y]; if (x == y) return false; if (-dat[x] < -dat[y]) swap(x, y); dat[x] += dat[y], dat[y] = x, n_comp--; return true; } }; #line 3 "library/graph/functional.hpp" // N が根となる木を新たに作る template struct FunctionalGraph { int N, M; vc TO; vc wt; vc root; Graph G; FunctionalGraph() {} FunctionalGraph(int N) : N(N), M(0), TO(N, -1), wt(N), root(N, -1) {} void add(int a, int b, T c = 1) { assert(0 <= a && a < N); assert(TO[a] == -1); ++M; TO[a] = b; wt[a] = c; } pair, Tree>> build() { assert(N == M); UnionFind uf(N); FOR(v, N) if (!uf.merge(v, TO[v])) { root[v] = v; } FOR(v, N) if (root[v] == v) root[uf[v]] = v; FOR(v, N) root[v] = root[uf[v]]; G.build(N + 1); FOR(v, N) { if (root[v] == v) G.add(N, v, wt[v]); else G.add(TO[v], v, wt[v]); } G.build(); Tree> tree(G, N); return {G, tree}; } // functional graph に向かって進む template int jump(TREE& tree, int v, ll step) { int d = tree.depth[v]; if (step <= d - 1) return tree.jump(v, N, step); v = root[v]; step -= d - 1; int bottom = TO[v]; int c = tree.depth[bottom]; step %= c; if (step == 0) return v; return tree.jump(bottom, N, step - 1); } // functional graph に step 回進む template vc jump_all(TREE& tree, ll step) { vc res(N, -1); // v の k 個先を res[w] に入れる vvc> query(N); FOR(v, N) { int d = tree.depth[v]; int r = root[v]; if (d - 1 > step) { query[v].eb(v, step); } if (d - 1 <= step) { ll k = step - (d - 1); int bottom = TO[r]; int c = tree.depth[bottom]; k %= c; if (k == 0) { res[v] = r; continue; } query[bottom].eb(v, k - 1); } } vc path; auto dfs = [&](auto& dfs, int v) -> void { path.eb(v); for (auto&& [w, k]: query[v]) { res[w] = path[len(path) - 1 - k]; } for (auto&& e: G[v]) dfs(dfs, e.to); path.pop_back(); }; for (auto&& e: G[N]) { dfs(dfs, e.to); } return res; } template bool in_cycle(TREE& tree, int v) { int r = root[v]; int bottom = TO[r]; return tree.in_subtree(bottom, v); } vc collect_cycle(int r) { assert(r == root[r]); vc cyc = {TO[r]}; while (cyc.back() != r) cyc.eb(TO[cyc.back()]); return cyc; } }; #line 2 "library/mod/mod_inv.hpp" // long でも大丈夫 // (val * x - 1) が mod の倍数になるようにする // 特に mod=0 なら x=0 が満たす ll mod_inv(ll val, ll mod) { if (mod == 0) return 0; mod = abs(mod); val %= mod; if (val < 0) val += mod; ll a = val, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t; while (b > 0) { t = a / b; swap(a -= t * b, b), swap(u -= t * v, v); } if (u < 0) u += mod; return u; } #line 1 "library/nt/coprime_factorization.hpp" /* 互いに素な整数 p1, p2, ..., pk を用いて n_i = prod p_i^e_i と表す. [21,60,140,400] [3,7,20], [[(0,1),(1,1)],[(0,1),(2,1)],[(1,1),(2,1)],[(2,2)]] */ template pair, vvc>> coprime_factorization(vc nums) { vc basis; for (T val: nums) { vc new_basis; for (T x: basis) { if (val == 1) { new_basis.eb(x); continue; } vc dat = {val, x}; FOR(p, 1, len(dat)) { FOR(i, p) { while (1) { if (dat[p] > 1 && dat[i] % dat[p] == 0) dat[i] /= dat[p]; elif (dat[i] > 1 && dat[p] % dat[i] == 0) dat[p] /= dat[i]; else break; } T g = gcd(dat[i], dat[p]); if (g == 1 || g == dat[i] || g == dat[p]) continue; dat[i] /= g, dat[p] /= g, dat.eb(g); } } val = dat[0]; FOR(i, 1, len(dat)) if (dat[i] != 1) new_basis.eb(dat[i]); } if (val > 1) new_basis.eb(val); swap(basis, new_basis); } sort(all(basis)); vvc> res(len(nums)); FOR(i, len(nums)) { T x = nums[i]; FOR(j, len(basis)) { int e = 0; while (x % basis[j] == 0) x /= basis[j], ++e; if (e) res[i].eb(j, e); } } return {basis, res}; } #line 2 "library/nt/primetest.hpp" struct m64 { using i64 = int64_t; using u64 = uint64_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; inline static u64 m, r, n2; // r * m = -1 (mod 1<<64), n2 = 1<<128 (mod m) static void set_mod(u64 m) { assert((m & 1) == 1); m64::m = m; n2 = -u128(m) % m; r = m; FOR(_, 5) r *= 2 - m * r; r = -r; assert(r * m == -1ull); } static u64 reduce(u128 b) { return (b + u128(u64(b) * r) * m) >> 64; } u64 x; m64() : x(0) {} m64(u64 x) : x(reduce(u128(x) * n2)){}; u64 val() const { u64 y = reduce(x); return y >= m ? y - m : y; } m64 &operator+=(m64 y) { x += y.x - (m << 1); x = (i64(x) < 0 ? x + (m << 1) : x); return *this; } m64 &operator-=(m64 y) { x -= y.x; x = (i64(x) < 0 ? x + (m << 1) : x); return *this; } m64 &operator*=(m64 y) { x = reduce(u128(x) * y.x); return *this; } m64 operator+(m64 y) const { return m64(*this) += y; } m64 operator-(m64 y) const { return m64(*this) -= y; } m64 operator*(m64 y) const { return m64(*this) *= y; } bool operator==(m64 y) const { return (x >= m ? x - m : x) == (y.x >= m ? y.x - m : y.x); } bool operator!=(m64 y) const { return not operator==(y); } m64 pow(u64 n) const { m64 y = 1, z = *this; for (; n; n >>= 1, z *= z) if (n & 1) y *= z; return y; } }; bool primetest(const uint64_t x) { using u64 = uint64_t; if (x == 2 or x == 3 or x == 5 or x == 7) return true; if (x % 2 == 0 or x % 3 == 0 or x % 5 == 0 or x % 7 == 0) return false; if (x < 121) return x > 1; const u64 d = (x - 1) >> __builtin_ctzll(x - 1); m64::set_mod(x); const m64 one(1), minus_one(x - 1); auto ok = [&](u64 a) { auto y = m64(a).pow(d); u64 t = d; while (y != one and y != minus_one and t != x - 1) y *= y, t <<= 1; if (y != minus_one and t % 2 == 0) return false; return true; }; if (x < (1ull << 32)) { for (u64 a: {2, 7, 61}) if (not ok(a)) return false; } else { for (u64 a: {2, 325, 9375, 28178, 450775, 9780504, 1795265022}) { if (x <= a) return true; if (not ok(a)) return false; } } return true; } #line 3 "library/nt/factor.hpp" mt19937_64 rng_mt{random_device{}()}; ll rnd(ll n) { return uniform_int_distribution(0, n - 1)(rng_mt); } ll rho(ll n, ll c) { m64::set_mod(n); assert(n > 1); const m64 cc(c); auto f = [&](m64 x) { return x * x + cc; }; m64 x = 1, y = 2, z = 1, q = 1; ll g = 1; const ll m = 1LL << (__lg(n) / 5); // ? for (ll r = 1; g == 1; r <<= 1) { x = y; FOR(_, r) y = f(y); for (ll k = 0; k < r and g == 1; k += m) { z = y; FOR(_, min(m, r - k)) y = f(y), q *= x - y; g = gcd(q.val(), n); } } if (g == n) do { z = f(z); g = gcd((x - z).val(), n); } while (g == 1); return g; } ll find_prime_factor(ll n) { assert(n > 1); if (primetest(n)) return n; FOR(_, 100) { ll m = rho(n, rnd(n)); if (primetest(m)) return m; n = m; } cerr << "failed" << endl; assert(false); return -1; } // ソートしてくれる vc> factor(ll n) { assert(n >= 1); vc> pf; FOR3(p, 2, 100) { if (p * p > n) break; if (n % p == 0) { ll e = 0; do { n /= p, e += 1; } while (n % p == 0); pf.eb(p, e); } } while (n > 1) { ll p = find_prime_factor(n); ll e = 0; do { n /= p, e += 1; } while (n % p == 0); pf.eb(p, e); } sort(all(pf)); return pf; } vc> factor_by_lpf(ll n, vc& lpf) { vc> res; while (n > 1) { int p = lpf[n]; int e = 0; while (n % p == 0) { n /= p; ++e; } res.eb(p, e); } return res; } #line 2 "library/mod/barrett.hpp" // https://github.com/atcoder/ac-library/blob/master/atcoder/internal_math.hpp struct Barrett { u32 m; u64 im; explicit Barrett(u32 m = 1) : m(m), im(u64(-1) / m + 1) {} u32 umod() const { return m; } u32 modulo(u64 z) { if (m == 1) return 0; u64 x = (u64)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); u64 y = x * m; return (z - y + (z < y ? m : 0)); } u64 floor(u64 z) { if (m == 1) return z; u64 x = (u64)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); u64 y = x * m; return (z < y ? x - 1 : x); } pair divmod(u64 z) { if (m == 1) return {z, 0}; u64 x = (u64)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); u64 y = x * m; if (z < y) return {x - 1, z - y + m}; return {x, z - y}; } u32 mul(u32 a, u32 b) { return modulo(u64(a) * b); } }; #line 5 "library/nt/crt.hpp" // 非負最小解を mod new_mod で返す (garner) template i128 CRT(vc vals, vc mods, ll new_mod = -1, bool coprime = false) { int n = len(vals); FOR(i, n) { vals[i] = ((vals[i] %= mods[i]) >= 0 ? vals[i] : vals[i] + mods[i]); } bool ng = 0; auto reduction_by_factor = [&]() -> void { unordered_map> MP; FOR(i, n) { for (auto&& [p, e]: factor(mods[i])) { T mod = 1; FOR(e) mod *= p; T val = vals[i] % mod; if (!MP.count(p)) { MP[p] = {mod, val % mod}; continue; } auto& [mod1, val1] = MP[p]; if (mod > mod1) swap(mod, mod1), swap(val, val1); if (val1 % mod != val) { ng = 1; return; } } } mods.clear(), vals.clear(); for (auto&& [p, x]: MP) { auto [mod, val] = x; mods.eb(mod), vals.eb(val); } n = len(vals); }; auto reduction_by_coprime_factor = [&]() -> void { auto [basis, pfs] = coprime_factorization(mods); int k = len(basis); vc> dat(k, {1, 0}); FOR(i, n) { for (auto&& [pid, exp]: pfs[i]) { T mod = 1; FOR(exp) mod *= basis[pid]; T val = vals[i] % mod; auto& [mod1, val1] = dat[pid]; if (mod > mod1) swap(mod, mod1), swap(val, val1); if (val1 % mod != val) { ng = 1; return; } } } mods.clear(), vals.clear(); for (auto&& [mod, val]: dat) { mods.eb(mod), vals.eb(val); } n = len(vals); }; if (!coprime) { (n <= 10 ? reduction_by_coprime_factor() : reduction_by_factor()); } if (ng) return -1; if (n == 0) return 0; vc cfs(n); if (MAX(mods) < (1LL << 31)) { FOR(i, n) { Barrett bt(mods[i]); ll a = vals[i], prod = 1; FOR(j, i) { a = bt.modulo(a + cfs[j] * (mods[i] - prod)); prod = bt.mul(prod, mods[j]); } cfs[i] = bt.mul(mod_inv(prod, mods[i]), a); } } else { FOR(i, n) { ll a = vals[i], prod = 1; FOR(j, i) { a = (a + i128(cfs[j]) * (mods[i] - prod)) % mods[i]; prod = i128(prod) * mods[j] % mods[i]; } cfs[i] = mod_inv(prod, mods[i]) * i128(a) % mods[i]; } } i128 ret = 0, prod = 1; FOR(i, n) { ret += prod * cfs[i], prod *= mods[i]; if (new_mod != -1) { ret %= new_mod, prod %= new_mod; } } return ret; } #line 2 "library/mod/modint_common.hpp" struct has_mod_impl { template static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.get_mod(), std::true_type{}); template static auto check(...) -> std::false_type; }; template class has_mod : public decltype(has_mod_impl::check(std::declval())) {}; template mint inv(int n) { static const int mod = mint::get_mod(); static vector dat = {0, 1}; assert(0 <= n); if (n >= mod) n %= mod; while (len(dat) <= n) { int k = len(dat); int q = (mod + k - 1) / k; dat.eb(dat[k * q - mod] * mint::raw(q)); } return dat[n]; } template mint fact(int n) { static const int mod = mint::get_mod(); assert(0 <= n && n < mod); static vector dat = {1, 1}; while (len(dat) <= n) dat.eb(dat[len(dat) - 1] * mint::raw(len(dat))); return dat[n]; } template mint fact_inv(int n) { static vector dat = {1, 1}; if (n < 0) return mint(0); while (len(dat) <= n) dat.eb(dat[len(dat) - 1] * inv(len(dat))); return dat[n]; } template mint fact_invs(Ts... xs) { return (mint(1) * ... * fact_inv(xs)); } template mint multinomial(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) { return fact(head) * fact_invs(std::forward(tail)...); } template mint C_dense(int n, int k) { static vvc C; static int H = 0, W = 0; auto calc = [&](int i, int j) -> mint { if (i == 0) return (j == 0 ? mint(1) : mint(0)); return C[i - 1][j] + (j ? C[i - 1][j - 1] : 0); }; if (W <= k) { FOR(i, H) { C[i].resize(k + 1); FOR(j, W, k + 1) { C[i][j] = calc(i, j); } } W = k + 1; } if (H <= n) { C.resize(n + 1); FOR(i, H, n + 1) { C[i].resize(W); FOR(j, W) { C[i][j] = calc(i, j); } } H = n + 1; } return C[n][k]; } template mint C(ll n, ll k) { assert(n >= 0); if (k < 0 || n < k) return 0; if constexpr (dense) return C_dense(n, k); if constexpr (!large) return multinomial(n, k, n - k); k = min(k, n - k); mint x(1); FOR(i, k) x *= mint(n - i); return x * fact_inv(k); } template mint C_inv(ll n, ll k) { assert(n >= 0); assert(0 <= k && k <= n); if (!large) return fact_inv(n) * fact(k) * fact(n - k); return mint(1) / C(n, k); } // [x^d] (1-x) ^ {-n} の計算 template mint C_negative(ll n, ll d) { assert(n >= 0); if (d < 0) return mint(0); if (n == 0) { return (d == 0 ? mint(1) : mint(0)); } return C(n + d - 1, d); } #line 3 "library/mod/modint.hpp" template struct modint { static constexpr u32 umod = u32(mod); static_assert(umod < u32(1) << 31); u32 val; static modint raw(u32 v) { modint x; x.val = v; return x; } constexpr modint() : val(0) {} constexpr modint(u32 x) : val(x % umod) {} constexpr modint(u64 x) : val(x % umod) {} constexpr modint(int x) : val((x %= mod) < 0 ? x + mod : x){}; constexpr modint(ll x) : val((x %= mod) < 0 ? x + mod : x){}; bool operator<(const modint &other) const { return val < other.val; } modint &operator+=(const modint &p) { if ((val += p.val) >= umod) val -= umod; return *this; } modint &operator-=(const modint &p) { if ((val += umod - p.val) >= umod) val -= umod; return *this; } modint &operator*=(const modint &p) { val = u64(val) * p.val % umod; return *this; } modint &operator/=(const modint &p) { *this *= p.inverse(); return *this; } modint operator-() const { return modint::raw(val ? mod - val : u32(0)); } modint operator+(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) += p; } modint operator-(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) -= p; } modint operator*(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) *= p; } modint operator/(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) /= p; } bool operator==(const modint &p) const { return val == p.val; } bool operator!=(const modint &p) const { return val != p.val; } modint inverse() const { int a = val, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t; while (b > 0) { t = a / b; swap(a -= t * b, b), swap(u -= t * v, v); } return modint(u); } modint pow(ll n) const { assert(n >= 0); modint ret(1), mul(val); while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } #ifdef FASTIO void write() { fastio::printer.write(val); } void read() { fastio::scanner.read(val); val %= mod; } #endif static constexpr int get_mod() { return mod; } // (n, r), r は 1 の 2^n 乗根 static constexpr pair ntt_info() { if (mod == 167772161) return {25, 17}; if (mod == 469762049) return {26, 30}; if (mod == 754974721) return {24, 362}; if (mod == 880803841) return {23, 211}; if (mod == 998244353) return {23, 31}; if (mod == 1045430273) return {20, 363}; if (mod == 1051721729) return {20, 330}; if (mod == 1053818881) return {20, 2789}; return {-1, -1}; } static constexpr bool can_ntt() { return ntt_info().fi != -1; } }; using modint107 = modint<1000000007>; using modint998 = modint<998244353>; #line 7 "main.cpp" using mint = modint107; void solve() { LL(N); auto get = [&]() -> pair, vc>> { // サイクル // どのサイクル、何番目 vvc C; vc> pos(N, {-1, -1}); VEC(ll, TO, N); for (auto&& x: TO) --x; FOR(r, N) { if (pos[r].fi != -1) continue; vc cyc = {int(r)}; while (1) { ll nxt = TO[cyc.back()]; if (nxt == r) break; cyc.eb(nxt); } FOR(j, len(cyc)) pos[cyc[j]] = {len(C), j}; C.eb(cyc); } return {C, pos}; }; auto [CA, posA] = get(); auto [CB, posB] = get(); /* ・サイクル番号1、サイクル番号2、mod gcd(len) 1, 2 */ using T = tuple; map> MP; FOR(v, N) { auto [i1, j1] = posA[v]; auto [i2, j2] = posB[v]; ll n1 = len(CA[i1]); ll n2 = len(CB[i2]); ll g = gcd(n1, n2); ll x = (j1 - j2) % g; if (x < 0) x += g; T t = {i1, i2, x}; MP[t].eb(v); } mint ANS = 0; for (auto&& [key, I]: MP) { auto r = I[0]; // t=0 で (r,r) にいるとする。(v,v) にいる時刻 vi X; auto [i1, i2, ___] = key; ll n1 = len(CA[i1]); ll n2 = len(CB[i2]); ll s1 = posA[r].se; ll s2 = posB[r].se; for (auto&& v: I) { ll t1 = posA[v].se; ll t2 = posB[v].se; t1 -= s1; t2 -= s2; if (t1 < 0) t1 += n1; if (t2 < 0) t2 += n2; vc vals = {int(t1), int(t2)}; vc mods = {int(n1), int(n2)}; ll x = CRT(vals, mods); X.eb(x); } X.eb(n1 / gcd(n1, n2) * n2); sort(all(X)); FOR(k, len(X) - 1) { mint dx = X[k + 1] - X[k]; ANS += (dx) * (dx - 1); } } ANS /= mint(2); print(ANS); } signed main() { solve(); return 0; }