def f(n,m,a);b=r=0;while n>0;r+=a/m*n*(n-1)/2+b/m*n;a%=m;b%=m;y=a*n+b;n,b,m,a=y/m,y%m,a,m;end;r;end;gets.to_i.times{n,d,m,s=gets.split.map(&:to_i);p,q=1<<s,d*m;if p!=q;n=[n,d*p/(p-q).abs].min;n-=(f(n+1,p,m)-f(n+1,d,1)).abs;end;p n}