def f(n,m,a,b):
	c=0
	while 1:
		if a>=m:c+=a//m*n*(n-1)//2;a%=m
		if b>=m:c+=b//m*n;b%=m
		y=a*n+b
		if y<m:return c
		n,b,m,a=y//m,y%m,a,m
for _ in range(int(input())):
	n,d,m,s=map(int, input().split())
	if 2**s!=d*m:n=min(n,d*2**s//abs(d*m-2**s));n-=abs(f(n+1,2**s,m,0)-f(n+1,d,1,0))
	print(n)