#if __INCLUDE_LEVEL__ == 0 #include using namespace std; #include __BASE_FILE__ namespace { void solve() { int n; cin >> n; vector a(n); cin >> a; kactl::LineContainer lc; int64_t ans = 0; for (int64_t e : a) { int64_t f = 0; if (!lc.empty()) { chmax(f, lc.query(e)); } lc.add(e, f); chmax(ans, f); } print(ans); } } // namespace int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); solve(); } #else // __INCLUDE_LEVEL__ #undef assert #define assert(expr) (expr) || (__builtin_unreachable(), 0) template bool chmin(T& x, U&& y) { return y < x && (x = forward(y), true); } template bool chmax(T& x, U&& y) { return x < y && (x = forward(y), true); } namespace std { template istream& operator>>(istream& is, pair& p) { return is >> p.first >> p.second; } template istream& operator>>(istream& is, tuple& t) { return apply([&is](auto&... xs) -> istream& { return (is >> ... >> xs); }, t); } template istream& operator>>(istream& is, tuple&& t) { return is >> t; } template >* = nullptr> auto operator>>(istream& is, R&& r) -> decltype(is >> *begin(r)) { for (auto&& e : r) { is >> e; } return is; } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const pair& p) { return os << p.first << ' ' << p.second; } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const tuple& t) { auto f = [&os](const auto&... xs) -> ostream& { [[maybe_unused]] auto sep = ""; ((os << exchange(sep, " ") << xs), ...); return os; }; return apply(f, t); } template >* = nullptr> auto operator<<(ostream& os, R&& r) -> decltype(os << *begin(r)) { auto sep = ""; for (auto&& e : r) { os << exchange(sep, " ") << e; } return os; } } // namespace std template void print(Ts&&... xs) { cout << tie(xs...) << '\n'; } inline auto rep(int l, int r) { return views::iota(min(l, r), r); } inline auto rep(int n) { return rep(0, n); } inline auto rep1(int l, int r) { return rep(l, r + 1); } inline auto rep1(int n) { return rep(1, n + 1); } inline auto per(int l, int r) { return rep(l, r) | views::reverse; } inline auto per(int n) { return per(0, n); } inline auto per1(int l, int r) { return per(l, r + 1); } inline auto per1(int n) { return per(1, n + 1); } // https://github.com/kth-competitive-programming/kactl namespace kactl { typedef long long ll; typedef pair pii; typedef vector vi; /** * Author: Simon Lindholm * Date: 2017-04-20 * License: CC0 * Source: own work * Description: Container where you can add lines of the form kx+m, and query * maximum values at points x. Useful for dynamic programming (``convex hull * trick''). Time: O(\log N) Status: stress-tested */ struct Line { mutable ll k, m, p; bool operator<(const Line& o) const { return k < o.k; } bool operator<(ll x) const { return p < x; } }; struct LineContainer : multiset> { // (for doubles, use inf = 1/.0, div(a,b) = a/b) static const ll inf = LLONG_MAX; ll div(ll a, ll b) { // floored division return a / b - ((a ^ b) < 0 && a % b); } bool isect(iterator x, iterator y) { if (y == end()) return x->p = inf, 0; if (x->k == y->k) x->p = x->m > y->m ? inf : -inf; else x->p = div(y->m - x->m, x->k - y->k); return x->p >= y->p; } void add(ll k, ll m) { auto z = insert({k, m, 0}), y = z++, x = y; while (isect(y, z)) z = erase(z); if (x != begin() && isect(--x, y)) isect(x, y = erase(y)); while ((y = x) != begin() && (--x)->p >= y->p) isect(x, erase(y)); } ll query(ll x) { assert(!empty()); auto l = *lower_bound(x); return l.k * x + l.m; } }; } // namespace kactl #endif // __INCLUDE_LEVEL__