#include using namespace atcoder; using mint = modint998244353; const long long MOD = 998244353; // using mint = modint1000000007; // const long long MOD = 1000000007; // using mint = modint;//mint::set_mod(MOD); #include #define rep(i, a, b) for (ll i = (ll)(a); i < (ll)(b); i++) #define repeq(i, a, b) for (ll i = (ll)(a); i <= (ll)(b); i++) #define repreq(i, a, b) for (ll i = (ll)(a); i >= (ll)(b); i--) #define endl '\n' // fflush(stdout); #define cYes cout << "Yes" << endl #define cNo cout << "No" << endl #define sortr(v) sort(v, greater<>()) #define pb push_back #define pob pop_back #define mp make_pair #define mt make_tuple #define FI first #define SE second #define ALL(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() #define INFLL 3000000000000000100LL #define INF 1000000100 #define PI acos(-1.0L) #define TAU (PI * 2.0L) using namespace std; typedef long long ll; typedef pair Pll; typedef tuple Tlll; typedef vector Vi; typedef vector VVi; typedef vector Vl; typedef vector VVl; typedef vector VVVl; typedef vector VTlll; typedef vector Vm; typedef vector VVm; typedef vector Vs; typedef vector Vd; typedef vector Vc; typedef vector Vb; typedef vector VPll; typedef priority_queue PQl; typedef priority_queue, greater> PQlr; /* inout */ ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, mint const &m) { os << m.val(); return os; } istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &m) { long long n; is >> n, m = n; return is; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &v) { int n = v.size(); rep(i, 0, n) { os << v[i] << " \n"[i == n - 1]; } return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector> &v) { int n = v.size(); rep(i, 0, n) os << v[i]; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, pair const &p) { os << p.first << ' ' << p.second; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const map &mp) { for (auto &[key, val] : mp) { os << key << ':' << val << '\n'; } return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const set &st) { auto itr = st.begin(); for (int i = 0; i < (int)st.size(); i++) { os << *itr << (i + 1 != (int)st.size() ? ' ' : '\n'); itr++; } return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, multiset &st) { auto itr = st.begin(); for (int i = 0; i < (int)st.size(); i++) { os << *itr << (i + 1 != (int)st.size() ? ' ' : '\n'); itr++; } return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, queue q) { while (q.size()) { os << q.front(); q.pop(); os << " \n"[q.empty()]; } return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, stack st) { vector v; while (st.size()) { v.push_back(st.top()); st.pop(); } reverse(ALL(v)); os << v; return os; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, priority_queue pq) { vector v; while (pq.size()) { v.push_back(pq.top()); pq.pop(); } os << v; return os; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector &v) { for (T &in : v) is >> in; return is; } template istream &operator>>(istream &is, pair &p) { is >> p.first >> p.second; return is; } /* useful */ template int SMALLER(vector &a, T x) { return lower_bound(a.begin(), a.end(), x) - a.begin(); } template int orSMALLER(vector &a, T x) { return upper_bound(a.begin(), a.end(), x) - a.begin(); } template int BIGGER(vector &a, T x) { return a.size() - orSMALLER(a, x); } template int orBIGGER(vector &a, T x) { return a.size() - SMALLER(a, x); } template int COUNT(vector &a, T x) { return upper_bound(ALL(a), x) - lower_bound(ALL(a), x); } template bool chmax(T &a, S b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template bool chmin(T &a, S b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template void press(T &v) { v.erase(unique(ALL(v)), v.end()); } template vector zip(vector b) { pair p[b.size() + 10]; int a = b.size(); vector l(a); for (int i = 0; i < a; i++) p[i] = mp(b[i], i); sort(p, p + a); int w = 0; for (int i = 0; i < a; i++) { if (i && p[i].first != p[i - 1].first) w++; l[p[i].second] = w; } return l; } template vector vis(vector &v) { vector S(v.size() + 1); rep(i, 1, S.size()) S[i] += v[i - 1] + S[i - 1]; return S; } ll dem(ll a, ll b) { return ((a + b - 1) / (b)); } ll dtoll(double d, int g) { return round(d * pow(10, g)); } const double EPS = 1e-10; void init() { cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cout << fixed << setprecision(12); } // do {} while (next_permutation(ALL(vec))); /********************************** START **********************************/ void sol(); int main() { init(); int q = 1; cin >> q; while (q--) sol(); return 0; } /********************************** SOLVE **********************************/ struct RollingHash { int n; static const ll base1 = 1009; static const ll base2 = 2009; static const ll mod1 = 1000000007; static const ll mod2 = 1000000009; vector hash1, hash2, pow1, pow2; RollingHash() {} RollingHash(const string &S) { n = (int)S.size(); hash1.assign(n + 1, 0); hash2.assign(n + 1, 0); pow1.assign(n + 1, 1); pow2.assign(n + 1, 1); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { hash1[i + 1] = (hash1[i] * base1 + S[i]) % mod1; hash2[i + 1] = (hash2[i] * base2 + S[i]) % mod2; pow1[i + 1] = (pow1[i] * base1) % mod1; pow2[i + 1] = (pow2[i] * base2) % mod2; } } /** * S の [l, r) のハッシュ値を返す * O(1) */ inline pair get(int l, int r) const { ll res1 = hash1[r] - hash1[l] * pow1[r - l] % mod1; if (res1 < 0) res1 += mod1; ll res2 = hash2[r] - hash2[l] * pow2[r - l] % mod2; if (res2 < 0) res2 += mod2; return make_pair(res1, res2); } /** * S のハッシュ値を返す * O(1) */ inline pair hash() const { return get(0, (int)hash1.size() - 1); } /** * LCP (Longest Common Prefix) * O( log N ) */ inline int getLCP(int a, int b) const { int len = min((int)hash1.size() - a, (int)hash1.size() - b); int low = 0, high = len; while (high - low > 1) { int mid = (low + high) >> 1; if (get(a, a + mid) != get(b, b + mid)) high = mid; else low = mid; } return low; } /** * hash h1 と 長さ h2_len の文字列の hash h2 を結合 */ pair concat(pair h1, pair h2, ll h2_len) { if (h2_len < pow1.size()) return make_pair((h1.first * pow1[h2_len] + h2.first) % mod1, (h1.second * pow2[h2_len] + h2.second) % mod2); return make_pair( (h1.first * pow_mod(base1, h2_len + 1, mod1) + h2.first) % mod1, (h1.second * pow_mod(base2, h2_len + 1, mod2) + h2.second) % mod2); } /** * 文字列の最小周期を返す */ int max_repeat(bool multiple_only = false) { for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { if (multiple_only && n % i != 0) continue; if (n - i < i) break; if (get(0, n - i) == get(i, n)) { return i; } } return n; } /** * hash h を count 回結合 (WIP) */ pair times(pair h, ll len, ll count) { pair ret = {0, 0}, now = h; ll pw = 1; while (count) { if (count & 1) ret = concat(ret, now, len * pw); now = concat(now, now, len * pw); count >>= 1; pw <<= 1; } return ret; } }; void sol() { int n; cin >> n; string s; cin >> s; int ans = 0; int l = 0, r, mn; RollingHash rh(s); auto check = [&](ll mid) { // ([...,1,1,1,0,0,0,...]) if (mid < 0) return 1; if (mid > mn) return 0; if (rh.get(l, l + mid) == rh.get(r, r + mid)) return 1; else return 0; }; auto binary = [&]() { // ll ll L = -1, R = mn + 1; // 解[L,R) 探索範囲(L,R) ll mid = L + (R - L) / 2; while (R - L > 1) { if (check(mid)) L = mid; else R = mid; mid = L + (R - L) / 2; } return R; // L-true R-false }; rep(i, 1, n) { int le = i, ri = n - i; r = i; mn = min(le, ri); if (rh.get(l, l + mn) == rh.get(r, r + mn)) { cerr << l << ' ' << r << ' ' << mn << endl; if (le < ri) ans++; continue; } int ind = binary(); // cerr << i << ' ' << ind << endl; // cerr << ind << endl; // cerr << ind << ' ' << ind + i << endl; if (s[ind - 1] < s[ind + i - 1]) { ans++; } } // cerr << endl; cout << ans << endl; } void sol2() { int n; cin >> n; Vl a(n); cin >> a; sort(ALL(a)); rep(i, 0, n - 1) { if (abs(a[i] - a[i + 1]) % n != 0) { cNo; return; } } cYes; }