#include #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") using namespace std; using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; using ll=long long; using ld=long double; const ll ILL=2167167167167167167; const int INF=2100000000; const int mod=998244353; #define rep(i,a,b) for (int i=(int)(a);i<(int)(b);i++) #define all(p) p.begin(),p.end() template using _pq = priority_queue, greater>; template ll LB(vector &v,T a){return lower_bound(v.begin(),v.end(),a)-v.begin();} template ll UB(vector &v,T a){return upper_bound(v.begin(),v.end(),a)-v.begin();} template bool chmin(T &a,const T &b){if(a>b){a=b;return 1;}else return 0;} template bool chmax(T &a,const T &b){if(a void So(vector &v) {sort(v.begin(),v.end());} template void Sore(vector &v) {sort(v.begin(),v.end(),[](T x,T y){return x>y;});} void yneos(bool a){if(a) cout<<"Yes\n"; else cout<<"No\n";} template void vec_out(vector &p){for(int i=0;i<(int)(p.size());i++){if(i) cout<<" ";cout< T vec_min(vector &a){assert(!a.empty());T ans=a[0];for(auto &x:a) chmin(ans,x);return ans;} template T vec_max(vector &a){assert(!a.empty());T ans=a[0];for(auto &x:a) chmax(ans,x);return ans;} template T vec_sum(vector &a){assert(!a.empty());T ans=a[0]-a[0];for(auto &x:a) ans+=x;return ans;} int pop_count(long long a){int res=0;while(a){res+=(a&1),a>>=1;}return res;} #line 1 "structure/convex-hull-trick/dynamic-li-chao-tree.hpp" /** * @brief Dynamic-Li-Chao-Tree * @docs docs/dynamic-li-chao-tree.md */ template< typename T, T x_low, T x_high, T id > struct DynamicLiChaoTree { struct Line { T a, b; Line(T a, T b) : a(a), b(b) {} inline T get(T x) const { return a * x + b; } }; struct Node { Line x; Node *l, *r; Node(const Line &x) : x{x}, l{nullptr}, r{nullptr} {} }; Node *root; DynamicLiChaoTree() : root{nullptr} {} Node *add_line(Node *t, Line &x, const T &l, const T &r, const T &x_l, const T &x_r) { if(!t) return new Node(x); T t_l = t->x.get(l), t_r = t->x.get(r); if(t_l <= x_l && t_r <= x_r) { return t; } else if(t_l >= x_l && t_r >= x_r) { t->x = x; return t; } else { T m = (l + r) / 2; if(m == r) --m; T t_m = t->x.get(m), x_m = x.get(m); if(t_m > x_m) { swap(t->x, x); if(x_l >= t_l) t->l = add_line(t->l, x, l, m, t_l, t_m); else t->r = add_line(t->r, x, m + 1, r, t_m + x.a, t_r); } else { if(t_l >= x_l) t->l = add_line(t->l, x, l, m, x_l, x_m); else t->r = add_line(t->r, x, m + 1, r, x_m + x.a, x_r); } return t; } } void add_line(const T &a, const T &b) { Line x(a, b); root = add_line(root, x, x_low, x_high, x.get(x_low), x.get(x_high)); } Node *add_segment(Node *t, Line &x, const T &a, const T &b, const T &l, const T &r, const T &x_l, const T &x_r) { if(r < a || b < l) return t; if(a <= l && r <= b) { Line y{x}; return add_line(t, y, l, r, x_l, x_r); } if(t) { T t_l = t->x.get(l), t_r = t->x.get(r); if(t_l <= x_l && t_r <= x_r) return t; } else { t = new Node(Line(0, id)); } T m = (l + r) / 2; if(m == r) --m; T x_m = x.get(m); t->l = add_segment(t->l, x, a, b, l, m, x_l, x_m); t->r = add_segment(t->r, x, a, b, m + 1, r, x_m + x.a, x_r); return t; } void add_segment(const T &l, const T &r, const T &a, const T &b) { Line x(a, b); root = add_segment(root, x, l, r - 1, x_low, x_high, x.get(x_low), x.get(x_high)); } T query(const Node *t, const T &l, const T &r, const T &x) const { if(!t) return id; if(l == r) return t->x.get(x); T m = (l + r) / 2; if(m == r) --m; if(x <= m) return min(t->x.get(x), query(t->l, l, m, x)); else return min(t->x.get(x), query(t->r, m + 1, r, x)); } T query(const T &x) const { return query(root, x_low, x_high, x); } }; void solve(); // oddloop int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); int t=1; //cin>>t; rep(i,0,t) solve(); } void solve(){ ll N; cin>>N; vector Q(N); rep(i,0,N) cin>>Q[i]; DynamicLiChaoTree D; D.add_line(0,0); rep(i,0,N){ auto tmp=-D.query(Q[i]); D.add_line(-Q[i],-tmp); } cout<<-D.query(0)<<"\n"; }