//#pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,avx2,avx512f") #pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx") #pragma GCC optimize("O3") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef DEBUG #include "./CompetitiveProgrammingCpp/Utils/debug.hpp" #include "./CompetitiveProgrammingCpp/Utils/Timer.hpp" #include "./CompetitiveProgrammingCpp/Utils/sample.hpp" #else #define dump(...) templateconstexpr inline auto d_val(T a, T b) { return a; } #endif /* macro */ #define FOR(i, b, e) for(ll i = (ll)(b); i < (ll)(e); ++i) #define RFOR(i, b, e) for(ll i = (ll)((e)-1); i >= (ll)(b); --i) #define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, (n)) #define RREP(i, n) RFOR(i, 0, (n)) #define REPC(x,c) for(const auto& x:(c)) #define REPI2(it,b,e) for(auto it = (b); it != (e); ++it) #define REPI(it,c) REPI2(it, (c).begin(), (c).end()) #define RREPI(it,c) REPI2(it, (c).rbegin(), (c).rend()) #define REPI_ERACE2(it, b, e) for(auto it = (b); it != (e);) #define REPI_ERACE(it, c) REPI_ERACE2(it, (c).begin(), (c).end()) #define ALL(x) (x).begin(),(x).end() /* macro func */ template inline auto sort(T& t) { std::sort(ALL(t)); } template inline auto rsort(T& t) { std::sort((t).rbegin(), (t).rend()); } template inline auto chmax(T& t, const S& s) { if(s > t) { t = s; return true; } return false; } template inline auto chmin(T& t, const S& s) { if(s < t) { t = s; return true; } return false; } inline auto BR() { std::cout << "\n"; } /* type define */ using ll = long long; template using V = std::vector; using VS = V; using VL = V; using VVL = V; template using P = std::pair; using PAIR = P; /* using std */ using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::cerr; constexpr char endl = '\n'; /* Initial processing */ struct Preprocessing { Preprocessing() { std::cin.tie(0); std::ios::sync_with_stdio(0); }; }_Preprocessing; /* define hash */ constexpr unsigned int static_random() { return 1u * __TIME__[0] * __TIME__[1] * __TIME__[3] * __TIME__[4] * __TIME__[6] * __TIME__[7]; } template struct Hash { auto operator()(T x) const { return std::hash()(x) ^ static_random(); } }; template<> struct Hash> { auto operator()(const std::pair& x) const { return Hash()(x.first << 31 | x.second); } }; /* input */ template std::istream& operator >> (std::istream& is, std::vector& vec) { for(T& x : vec) is >> x; return is; } /* constant value */ // constexpr ll MOD = 1000000007; constexpr ll MOD = 998244353; //============================================================================================= template auto binarySearch(long long mn, long long mx, const Lambda& judge, bool rev = false) { auto ok = mx + rev; auto ng = mn - 1; while(ok - ng > 1) { auto mid = (ok + ng) / 2; auto isOk = judge(mid); if((isOk && !rev) || (!isOk && rev)) { ok = mid; } else { ng = mid; } } return ok - rev; } class SuffixArray { enum class TYPE { L, S, LMS }; const std::string m_str; const std::vector m_suffixArray; /* string to vector */ static std::vector toIntVec(const std::string& str) { std::vector vec; vec.reserve(str.size() + 1); for(const auto& c : str) { vec.emplace_back(c - '0' + 1); } vec.emplace_back(0); return vec; } /* classify { L, S, LMS } */ static std::vector classifying(const std::vector& str) { auto sz = str.size(); auto typeArray = std::vector(sz); typeArray[sz - 1] = TYPE::S; for(int i = sz - 2; i >= 0; --i) { if(str[i] == str[i + 1]) { typeArray[i] = typeArray[i + 1]; continue; } typeArray[i] = (str[i] < str[i + 1]) ? TYPE::S : TYPE::L; } for(int i = 1; i < sz; ++i) { if(typeArray[i - 1] == TYPE::L && typeArray[i] == TYPE::S) { typeArray[i] = TYPE::LMS; } } return typeArray; } /* induced sort */ static std::vector inducedSort(const std::vector& str, const std::vector& type, std::list& lmsList) { auto sz = str.size(); auto nList = std::set(); for(const auto& c : str) { nList.emplace(c); } auto befCheck = [&](int k, auto& addList, bool rev) { if(k == 0) { return; } if(!rev && type[k - 1] == TYPE::L) { addList[str[k - 1]].emplace_back(k - 1); } if(rev && type[k - 1] != TYPE::L) { addList[str[k - 1]].emplace_front(k - 1); } }; auto checkAndUpdate = [&](int n, auto& checkList, auto& addList, bool rev) { auto& lst = checkList[n]; if(rev) { for(auto itr = lst.rbegin(); itr != lst.rend(); ++itr) { befCheck(*itr, addList, rev); } } else { for(const auto& k : lst) { befCheck(k, addList, rev); } } }; /* set LMS */ auto tailList = std::unordered_map>(); for(const auto& i : lmsList) { tailList[str[i]].emplace_back(i); } /* set L-type */ auto headList = std::unordered_map>(); for(const auto& n : nList) { checkAndUpdate(n, headList, headList, false); checkAndUpdate(n, tailList, headList, false); } /* set S-type*/ tailList = std::unordered_map>(); for(auto itr_n = nList.rbegin(); itr_n != nList.rend(); ++itr_n) { auto n = *itr_n; checkAndUpdate(n, tailList, tailList, true); checkAndUpdate(n, headList, tailList, true); } /* merge */ auto suffixArray = std::vector(); suffixArray.reserve(sz); for(const auto& n : nList) { for(const auto& c : headList[n]) { suffixArray.emplace_back(c); } for(const auto& c : tailList[n]) { suffixArray.emplace_back(c); } } return suffixArray; } /* order lms -> sorted lms */ static std::unordered_map getLmsChanger(const std::vector& str, const std::vector& type, const std::list& lms) { if(lms.size() == 1) { return std::unordered_map{ { str.size() - 1, 0 }}; } std::unordered_map changer{{static_cast(str.size()) - 1,0},{*++lms.begin(),1}}; int num = 1; for(auto itr = ++lms.begin(); itr != (--lms.end());) { auto f1 = *itr; auto f2 = *(++itr); bool isSame = false; for(int i = 0;; ++i) { if(str[f1 + i] != str[f2 + i]) { break; } auto b1 = (type[f1 + i] == TYPE::LMS); auto b2 = (type[f2 + i] == TYPE::LMS); if((b1 || b2) && i > 0) { if(b1 && b2) { isSame = true; break; } break; } } if(!isSame) { ++num; } changer.emplace(f2, num); } return changer; } /* calc Suffix Array*/ static std::vector constructSuffixArray(const std::vector& str) { auto type = classifying(str); /* calc fake Suffix Array using order seed*/ auto lmsOrder = [&type]() { auto lms = std::list(); for(int i = 0; i < type.size(); ++i) if(type[i] == TYPE::LMS) { lms.emplace_back(i); } return lms; }(); auto fakeArray = inducedSort(str, type, lmsOrder); /* calc true seed */ auto lmsFakeOrder = [&fakeArray, &type]() { auto lms = std::list(); lms.emplace_back(static_cast(type.size()) - 1); for(const auto& i : fakeArray) if(type[i] == TYPE::LMS) { lms.emplace_back(i); } return lms; }(); auto changer = getLmsChanger(str, type, lmsFakeOrder); auto& lmsTrueOrder = lmsFakeOrder; if(changer[*lmsFakeOrder.rbegin()] + 1 < lmsFakeOrder.size()) { /* exist same lms-substring */ auto str = std::vector(); auto def = std::vector(); str.reserve(lmsOrder.size()); def.reserve(lmsOrder.size()); for(const auto& c : lmsOrder) { str.emplace_back(changer[c]); def.emplace_back(c); } auto lmsSuffixArray = constructSuffixArray(str); lmsTrueOrder = std::list{static_cast(type.size()) - 1}; for(const auto& c : lmsSuffixArray) { lmsTrueOrder.emplace_back(def[c]); } } /* calc true Suffix Array using true seed */ auto suffixArray = inducedSort(str, type, lmsTrueOrder); return suffixArray; } public: SuffixArray(const std::string& str) :m_str(str), m_suffixArray(constructSuffixArray(toIntVec(str))) {} /** * 引数として与えられたpattern出現位置の区間を返す */ std::pair findPattern(const std::string& pattern) const { auto find = [&](const std::string& ptn) { int end = m_suffixArray.size(); int ptn_sz = ptn.size(); auto ret = binarySearch(0, end, [&](int mid) { int st = m_suffixArray[mid]; int sub_sz = end - st; for(int k = 0; k < std::min(ptn_sz, sub_sz); ++k) { if(ptn[k] < m_str[st + k]) { return true; } if(ptn[k] > m_str[st + k]) { return false; } } return ptn_sz <= sub_sz; }); return ret; }; auto patternUpper = [&pattern]() { auto ptn = pattern; ++* ptn.rbegin(); return ptn; }(); auto fl = find(pattern); auto fu = find(patternUpper); return {fl,fu}; } auto getSuffixArray() const { return m_suffixArray; } /* output fot debug */ void debugOutput() const { for(const auto& x : m_suffixArray) { std::cout << x << " "; }std::cout << std::endl; auto end = m_str.size(); for(const auto& x : m_suffixArray) { std::cout << m_str.substr(x, end) << std::endl; } } }; class LCPArray { const std::vector m_lcpArray; const std::vector m_suffixArray; static std::vector constructLcpArray(const std::string& str) { auto sz = str.size(); const auto suffixArray = SuffixArray(str).getSuffixArray(); auto rank = std::vector(sz); for(int i = 0; i < sz; ++i) { rank[suffixArray[i]] = i; } auto lcpArray = std::vector(sz - 1); for(int i = 0, h = 0; i < sz; ++i) { if(rank[i] == 0) { continue; } int j = suffixArray[rank[i] - 1]; if(h > 0) { --h; } for(; j + h < sz && i + h < sz; ++h) { if(str[i + h] != str[j + h]) { break; } } lcpArray[rank[i] - 1] = h; } return lcpArray; } public: LCPArray(const std::string& str) : m_suffixArray(SuffixArray(str).getSuffixArray()), m_lcpArray(constructLcpArray(str)) { } auto getLCPArray()const { return m_lcpArray; } auto getSuffixArray()const { return m_suffixArray; } auto getSuffixArrayIndexList()const { std::vector sail(m_suffixArray.size()); for(unsigned int i = 0; i < m_suffixArray.size(); ++i) { sail[m_suffixArray[i]] = i; } return sail; } }; template class DisjointSparseTable { using S = decltype(SG::Type()); const int m_n; const std::vector> m_table; static auto accumulation(int n, const std::vector& a, int l, int r) { auto mid = (r + l) >> 1; r = std::min(n, r); int size = r - l; std::vector acc; acc.reserve(size); for(int i = l; i < r; ++i) { acc.emplace_back(a[i]); } for(int i = mid - 2; i >= l; --i) if(i - l + 1 < size) { acc[i - l] = acc[i - l].binaryOperation(acc[i - l + 1]); } for(int i = mid + 1; i < r; ++i)if(i - l - 1 >= 0) { acc[i - l] = acc[i - l - 1].binaryOperation(acc[i - l]); } return acc; } static auto constructTable(int n, const std::vector& a) { std::vector> table; table.reserve(std::log2(n) + 1); table.emplace_back(a.begin(), a.end()); auto size = 1; while(size < n) { size <<= 1; std::vector acc; acc.reserve(n); for(int l = 0; l < n; l += size) for(const auto& x : accumulation(n, a, l, l + size)) { acc.emplace_back(x); } table.emplace_back(acc); } return table; } static auto msb(int x) { auto idx = 0; while(x > 0) { ++idx; x >>= 1; } return idx; } public: DisjointSparseTable(int n, const std::vector& a) :m_n(n), m_table(constructTable(n, a)) {} auto get(int l, int r)const { if(r < l) { throw std::runtime_error("ERROR! `l` must less than `r`"); } l = std::max(l, 0); r = std::min(r, m_n - 1); if(l == r) { return m_table[0][l].m_val; } auto idx = msb(l ^ r); return m_table[idx][l].binaryOperation(m_table[idx][r]).m_val; } }; template< class S,// 要素の型 class T // 2項演算子 > struct SemiGroup { static inline auto Type() { return S(); } S m_val; SemiGroup(S val) :m_val(val) {} SemiGroup binaryOperation(const SemiGroup& m2)const { return T()(m_val, m2.m_val); } friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const SemiGroup& m) { return os << m.m_val; } }; struct Functor { auto operator()(int a, int b)const { return std::min(a, b); } }; using SG = SemiGroup; auto solve(ll n, const std::string& s) { auto lcp_ = LCPArray(s); auto sa = lcp_.getSuffixArray(); auto lcpa = lcp_.getLCPArray(); auto dst = DisjointSparseTable(n - 1, lcpa); auto i = std::find(ALL(sa), 0) - sa.begin(); auto l = n - i - 1; auto r = binarySearch(0, i, [&](ll mid) { if(mid == 0) { return true; } auto k = i - mid; auto lcp = dst.get(k, i - 1); // dump(k, lcp, sa[k]); if(lcp != (n - sa[k])) { return false; } if(sa[k] >= ((n + 1) >> 1)) { return false; } return true; }, true); //dump(sa, l, r, i); //SuffixArray(s).debugOutput(); return l + r; } signed main() { ll t; cin >> t; REP(_, t) { ll n; std::string s; cin >> n >> s; cout << solve(n, s) << endl; } }