#line 1 "main.cpp" //#pragma GCC target("avx,avx2") //#pragma GCC optimize("O3") //#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include #ifdef LOCAL #include #define debug(...) debug_print::multi_print(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__) #else #define debug(...) (static_cast(0)) #endif using namespace std; using ll = long long; using ld = long double; using pll = pair; using pii = pair; using vi = vector; using vvi = vector; using vvvi = vector; using vl = vector; using vvl = vector; using vvvl = vector; using vpii = vector; using vpll = vector; using vs = vector; template using pq = priority_queue, greater>; #define overload4(_1, _2, _3, _4, name, ...) name #define overload3(a,b,c,name,...) name #define rep1(n) for (ll UNUSED_NUMBER = 0; UNUSED_NUMBER < (n); ++UNUSED_NUMBER) #define rep2(i, n) for (ll i = 0; i < (n); ++i) #define rep3(i, a, b) for (ll i = (a); i < (b); ++i) #define rep4(i, a, b, c) for (ll i = (a); i < (b); i += (c)) #define rep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, rep4, rep3, rep2, rep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rrep1(n) for(ll i = (n) - 1;i >= 0;i--) #define rrep2(i,n) for(ll i = (n) - 1;i >= 0;i--) #define rrep3(i,a,b) for(ll i = (b) - 1;i >= (a);i--) #define rrep4(i,a,b,c) for(ll i = (a) + ((b)-(a)-1) / (c) * (c);i >= (a);i -= c) #define rrep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, rrep4, rrep3, rrep2, rrep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define all1(i) begin(i) , end(i) #define all2(i,a) begin(i) , begin(i) + a #define all3(i,a,b) begin(i) + a , begin(i) + b #define all(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, all3, all2, all1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define sum(...) accumulate(all(__VA_ARGS__),0LL) template bool chmin(T &a, const T &b){ if(a > b){ a = b; return 1; } else return 0; } template bool chmax(T &a, const T &b){ if(a < b){ a = b; return 1; } else return 0; } template auto min(const T& a){return *min_element(all(a));} template auto max(const T& a){return *max_element(all(a));} template void in(Ts&... t); #define INT(...) int __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) string __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define CHR(...) char __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define DBL(...) double __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define LD(...) ld __VA_ARGS__; in(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(type, name, size) vector name(size); in(name) #define VV(type, name, h, w) vector> name(h, vector(w)); in(name) ll intpow(ll a, ll b){ ll ans = 1; while(b){if(b & 1) ans *= a; a *= a; b /= 2;} return ans;} ll modpow(ll a, ll b, ll p){ ll ans = 1; a %= p;if(a < 0) a += p;while(b){ if(b & 1) (ans *= a) %= p; (a *= a) %= p; b /= 2; } return ans; } ll GCD(ll a,ll b) { if(a == 0 || b == 0) return 0; if(a % b == 0) return b; else return GCD(b,a%b);} ll LCM(ll a,ll b) { if(a == 0) return b; if(b == 0) return a;return a / GCD(a,b) * b;} namespace IO{ #define VOID(a) decltype(void(a)) struct setting{ setting(){cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false);fixed(cout); cout.precision(12);}} setting; template struct P : P{}; template<> struct P<0>{}; template void i(T& t){ i(t, P<3>{}); } void i(vector::reference t, P<3>){ int a; i(a); t = a; } template auto i(T& t, P<2>) -> VOID(cin >> t){ cin >> t; } template auto i(T& t, P<1>) -> VOID(begin(t)){ for(auto&& x : t) i(x); } template void ituple(T& t, index_sequence){in(get(t)...);} template auto i(T& t, P<0>) -> VOID(tuple_size{}){ituple(t, make_index_sequence::value>{});} #undef VOID } #define unpack(a) (void)initializer_list{(a, 0)...} template void in(Ts&... t){ unpack(IO :: i(t)); } #undef unpack static const double PI = 3.1415926535897932; template struct REC { F f; REC(F &&f_) : f(forward(f_)) {} template auto operator()(Args &&...args) const { return f(*this, forward(args)...); }}; //constexpr int mod = 1000000007; constexpr int mod = 998244353; #line 2 "library/graph/graph-template.hpp" template struct Edge { int from, to; T cost; Edge() = default; Edge(int _to, T _cost) : from(-1), to(_to), cost(_cost) {} Edge(int _from, int _to, T _cost) : from(_from), to(_to), cost(_cost) {} bool operator < (const Edge &a) const { return cost < a.cost; } bool operator > (const Edge &a) const { return cost > a.cost; } Edge &operator = (const int &x) { to = x; return *this; } operator int() const { return to; } friend ostream operator<<(ostream &os, Edge &edge) { return os << edge.to; } }; template using Edges = vector>; template using Wgraph = vector>; using Ugraph = vector>; Ugraph uinput(int N, int M = -1, bool is_directed = false, int origin = 1) { Ugraph g(N); if (M == -1) M = N - 1; while(M--) { int a,b; cin >> a >> b; a -= origin, b -= origin; g[a].push_back(b); if(!is_directed) g[b].push_back(a); } return g; } template Wgraph winput(int N, int M = -1, bool is_directed = false,int origin = 1) { Wgraph g(N); if (M == -1) M = N - 1; while(M--) { int a,b; T c; cin >> a >> b >> c; a -= origin, b -= origin; g[a].emplace_back(b,c); if(!is_directed) g[b].emplace_back(a,c); } return g; } #line 3 "library/graph/cycledetection.hpp" //自己ループは判定しない template vector> cycleditection(const G &g,bool directed = true) { vector pidx(g.size(),-1),vis(g.size()); vector> cycle; int fin = 0; auto dfs = [&](auto rec,int cur,int pval,int par) -> int { pidx[cur] = pval; vis[cur] = 1; for(auto &dst:g[cur]) { if(fin) return -1; if(!directed && dst == par) continue; if(pidx[dst] == pidx[cur]) { cycle.emplace_back(cur,dst); return dst; } if(vis[dst]) continue; int nx = rec(rec,dst,pval,cur); if(nx != -1) { cycle.emplace_back(cur,dst); if(cur == nx) { fin = 1; return -1; } return nx; } } pidx[cur] = -1; return -1; }; for(int i = 0;i < (int)g.size();i++) { if(vis[i])continue; dfs(dfs,i,i,-1); } if(fin) { reverse(begin(cycle),end(cycle)); return cycle; } return vector> {}; } #line 85 "main.cpp" #include using namespace atcoder; int main() { INT(n,m); vvi g(n); vi d(n); mcf_graph mfg(n+2); int st = n,gl = n + 1; rep(i,m) { INT(u,v); u--,v--; g[u].emplace_back(v); d[u]++; d[v]--; mfg.add_edge(u,v,1,1); } rep(i,n) { if(d[i] > 0) mfg.add_edge(st,i,d[i],0); else if(d[i] < 0) mfg.add_edge(i,gl,-d[i],0); } auto ret = cycleditection(g); if(ret.empty()) { cout << -1 << '\n'; } auto fl = mfg.flow(st,gl); vpii ans; for(auto &&e:mfg.edges()) { if(e.from != st && e.to != gl && e.flow == 1) { ans.emplace_back(e.from + 1,e.to + 1); } } cout << n << " " << ans.size() << '\n'; for(auto &&[u,v]:ans) cout << u << " " << v << '\n'; }