using System;
using static System.Console;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
class Program
{
    static int NN => int.Parse(ReadLine());
    static long[] NList => ReadLine().Split().Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
    public static void Main()
    {
        Solve();
    }
    static void Solve()
    {
        var t = NN;
        var ans = new long[t];
        for (var u = 0; u < t; ++u)
        {
            var c = NList;
            var (n, x) = (c[0], c[1]);
            if (x % 2 == 1 || n < x)
            {
                ans[u] = (n + 1) / 2;
            }
            else
            {
                ans[u] = x / 2 + (n - x) / (x + 3) * (x + 4) / 2 + (n - x) % (x + 3) / 2 + 1;
            }
        }
        WriteLine(string.Join("\n", ans.Select(ai => ai % 998_244_353)));
    }
}