#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define debug_value(x) cerr << "line" << __LINE__ << ":<" << __func__ << ">:" << #x << "=" << x << endl; #define debug(x) cerr << "line" << __LINE__ << ":<" << __func__ << ">:" << x << endl; template inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } using namespace std; typedef long long ll; template vector> vec2d(int n, int m, T v){ return vector>(n, vector(m, v)); } template vector>> vec3d(int n, int m, int k, T v){ return vector>>(n, vector>(m, vector(k, v))); } template void print_vector(vector v, char delimiter=' '){ if(v.empty()) { cout << endl; return; } for(int i = 0; i+1 < v.size(); i++) cout << v[i] << delimiter; cout << v.back() << endl; } using mint = atcoder::modint998244353; ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const mint& m){ os << m.val(); return os; } void test(int n, int a, int b){ int ga = gcd(a, n); int gb = gcd(b, n); vector sum(n); for(int x = 0; x < n; x++){ for(int y = 0; y < n; y++){ int z = (a*x+b*y)%n; sum[z]++; } } print_vector(sum); } int main(){ ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout << setprecision(10) << fixed; int n, m, k; cin >> n >> m >> k; mint ans = n%2 == 0 ? 1 : -1; ll cur = 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){ ll g = gcd(cur, (ll)m); mint sgn = i%2 == 0 ? 1 : -1; int l = n-i-1; ans += sgn*mint(m-1).pow(l)*g; cur *= k; cur %= m; } cout << ans << endl; }