#line 1 "/home/maspy/compro/library/my_template.hpp" #if defined(LOCAL) #include #else #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using u32 = unsigned int; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i128 = __int128; using u128 = unsigned __int128; using f128 = __float128; template constexpr T infty = 0; template <> constexpr int infty = 1'000'000'000; template <> constexpr ll infty = ll(infty) * infty * 2; template <> constexpr u32 infty = infty; template <> constexpr u64 infty = infty; template <> constexpr i128 infty = i128(infty) * infty; template <> constexpr double infty = infty; template <> constexpr long double infty = infty; using pi = pair; using vi = vector; template using vc = vector; template using vvc = vector>; template using vvvc = vector>; template using vvvvc = vector>; template using vvvvvc = vector>; template using pq = priority_queue; template using pqg = priority_queue, greater>; #define vv(type, name, h, ...) \ vector> name(h, vector(__VA_ARGS__)) #define vvv(type, name, h, w, ...) \ vector>> name( \ h, vector>(w, vector(__VA_ARGS__))) #define vvvv(type, name, a, b, c, ...) \ vector>>> name( \ a, vector>>( \ b, vector>(c, vector(__VA_ARGS__)))) // https://trap.jp/post/1224/ #define FOR1(a) for (ll _ = 0; _ < ll(a); ++_) #define FOR2(i, a) for (ll i = 0; i < ll(a); ++i) #define FOR3(i, a, b) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); ++i) #define FOR4(i, a, b, c) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); i += (c)) #define FOR1_R(a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i) #define FOR2_R(i, a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i) #define FOR3_R(i, a, b) for (ll i = (b)-1; i >= ll(a); --i) #define overload4(a, b, c, d, e, ...) e #define overload3(a, b, c, d, ...) d #define FOR(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, FOR4, FOR3, FOR2, FOR1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_R(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, FOR3_R, FOR2_R, FOR1_R)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_subset(t, s) \ for (ll t = (s); t >= 0; t = (t == 0 ? -1 : (t - 1) & (s))) #define all(x) x.begin(), x.end() #define len(x) ll(x.size()) #define elif else if #define eb emplace_back #define mp make_pair #define mt make_tuple #define fi first #define se second #define stoi stoll int popcnt(int x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } int popcnt(u32 x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } int popcnt(ll x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } int popcnt(u64 x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(int x) { return __builtin_parity(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(u32 x) { return __builtin_parity(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(ll x) { return __builtin_parityll(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(u64 x) { return __builtin_parityll(x); } // (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 1, 2) int topbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); } int topbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); } int topbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); } int topbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); } // (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 0, 2) int lowbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); } int lowbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); } int lowbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); } int lowbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); } template T ceil(T x, U y) { return (x > 0 ? (x + y - 1) / y : x / y); } template T floor(T x, U y) { return (x > 0 ? x / y : (x - y + 1) / y); } template T bmod(T x, U y) { return x - y * floor(x, y); } template pair divmod(T x, U y) { T q = floor(x, y); return {q, x - q * y}; } template T SUM(const vector &A) { T sum = 0; for (auto &&a: A) sum += a; return sum; } #define MIN(v) *min_element(all(v)) #define MAX(v) *max_element(all(v)) #define LB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), lower_bound(all(c), (x))) #define UB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), upper_bound(all(c), (x))) #define UNIQUE(x) \ sort(all(x)), x.erase(unique(all(x)), x.end()), x.shrink_to_fit() template T POP(deque &que) { T a = que.front(); que.pop_front(); return a; } template T POP(pq &que) { T a = que.top(); que.pop(); return a; } template T POP(pqg &que) { T a = que.top(); que.pop(); return a; } template T POP(vc &que) { T a = que.back(); que.pop_back(); return a; } template ll binary_search(F check, ll ok, ll ng, bool check_ok = true) { if (check_ok) assert(check(ok)); while (abs(ok - ng) > 1) { auto x = (ng + ok) / 2; (check(x) ? ok : ng) = x; } return ok; } template double binary_search_real(F check, double ok, double ng, int iter = 100) { FOR(iter) { double x = (ok + ng) / 2; (check(x) ? ok : ng) = x; } return (ok + ng) / 2; } template inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) { return (a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } template inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) { return (a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } // ? は -1 vc s_to_vi(const string &S, char first_char) { vc A(S.size()); FOR(i, S.size()) { A[i] = (S[i] != '?' ? S[i] - first_char : -1); } return A; } template vector cumsum(vector &A, int off = 1) { int N = A.size(); vector B(N + 1); FOR(i, N) { B[i + 1] = B[i] + A[i]; } if (off == 0) B.erase(B.begin()); return B; } // stable sort template vector argsort(const vector &A) { vector ids(len(A)); iota(all(ids), 0); sort(all(ids), [&](int i, int j) { return (A[i] == A[j] ? i < j : A[i] < A[j]); }); return ids; } // A[I[0]], A[I[1]], ... template vc rearrange(const vc &A, const vc &I) { vc B(len(I)); FOR(i, len(I)) B[i] = A[I[i]]; return B; } #endif #line 1 "/home/maspy/compro/library/other/io.hpp" // based on yosupo's fastio #include namespace fastio { #define FASTIO // クラスが read(), print() を持っているかを判定するメタ関数 struct has_write_impl { template static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.write(), std::true_type{}); template static auto check(...) -> std::false_type; }; template class has_write : public decltype(has_write_impl::check(std::declval())) { }; struct has_read_impl { template static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.read(), std::true_type{}); template static auto check(...) -> std::false_type; }; template class has_read : public decltype(has_read_impl::check(std::declval())) {}; struct Scanner { FILE *fp; char line[(1 << 15) + 1]; size_t st = 0, ed = 0; void reread() { memmove(line, line + st, ed - st); ed -= st; st = 0; ed += fread(line + ed, 1, (1 << 15) - ed, fp); line[ed] = '\0'; } bool succ() { while (true) { if (st == ed) { reread(); if (st == ed) return false; } while (st != ed && isspace(line[st])) st++; if (st != ed) break; } if (ed - st <= 50) { bool sep = false; for (size_t i = st; i < ed; i++) { if (isspace(line[i])) { sep = true; break; } } if (!sep) reread(); } return true; } template ::value, int> = 0> bool read_single(T &ref) { if (!succ()) return false; while (true) { size_t sz = 0; while (st + sz < ed && !isspace(line[st + sz])) sz++; ref.append(line + st, sz); st += sz; if (!sz || st != ed) break; reread(); } return true; } template ::value, int> = 0> bool read_single(T &ref) { if (!succ()) return false; bool neg = false; if (line[st] == '-') { neg = true; st++; } ref = T(0); while (isdigit(line[st])) { ref = 10 * ref + (line[st++] & 0xf); } if (neg) ref = -ref; return true; } template ::value>::type * = nullptr> inline bool read_single(T &x) { x.read(); return true; } bool read_single(double &ref) { string s; if (!read_single(s)) return false; ref = std::stod(s); return true; } bool read_single(char &ref) { string s; if (!read_single(s) || s.size() != 1) return false; ref = s[0]; return true; } template bool read_single(vector &ref) { for (auto &d: ref) { if (!read_single(d)) return false; } return true; } template bool read_single(pair &p) { return (read_single(p.first) && read_single(p.second)); } template void read_single_tuple(T &t) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size::value) { auto &x = std::get(t); read_single(x); read_single_tuple(t); } } template bool read_single(tuple &tpl) { read_single_tuple(tpl); return true; } void read() {} template void read(H &h, T &... t) { bool f = read_single(h); assert(f); read(t...); } Scanner(FILE *fp) : fp(fp) {} }; struct Printer { Printer(FILE *_fp) : fp(_fp) {} ~Printer() { flush(); } static constexpr size_t SIZE = 1 << 15; FILE *fp; char line[SIZE], small[50]; size_t pos = 0; void flush() { fwrite(line, 1, pos, fp); pos = 0; } void write(const char val) { if (pos == SIZE) flush(); line[pos++] = val; } template ::value, int> = 0> void write(T val) { if (pos > (1 << 15) - 50) flush(); if (val == 0) { write('0'); return; } if (val < 0) { write('-'); val = -val; // todo min } size_t len = 0; while (val) { small[len++] = char(0x30 | (val % 10)); val /= 10; } for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) { line[pos + i] = small[len - 1 - i]; } pos += len; } void write(const string s) { for (char c: s) write(c); } void write(const char *s) { size_t len = strlen(s); for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) write(s[i]); } void write(const double x) { ostringstream oss; oss << fixed << setprecision(15) << x; string s = oss.str(); write(s); } void write(const long double x) { ostringstream oss; oss << fixed << setprecision(15) << x; string s = oss.str(); write(s); } template ::value>::type * = nullptr> inline void write(T x) { x.write(); } template void write(const vector val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) write(' '); write(val[i]); } } template void write(const pair val) { write(val.first); write(' '); write(val.second); } template void write_tuple(const T t) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size::value) { if constexpr (N > 0) { write(' '); } const auto x = std::get(t); write(x); write_tuple(t); } } template bool write(tuple tpl) { write_tuple(tpl); return true; } template void write(const array val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) write(' '); write(val[i]); } } void write(i128 val) { string s; bool negative = 0; if (val < 0) { negative = 1; val = -val; } while (val) { s += '0' + int(val % 10); val /= 10; } if (negative) s += "-"; reverse(all(s)); if (len(s) == 0) s = "0"; write(s); } }; Scanner scanner = Scanner(stdin); Printer printer = Printer(stdout); void flush() { printer.flush(); } void print() { printer.write('\n'); } template void print(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) { printer.write(head); if (sizeof...(Tail)) printer.write(' '); print(forward(tail)...); } void read() {} template void read(Head &head, Tail &... tail) { scanner.read(head); read(tail...); } } // namespace fastio using fastio::print; using fastio::flush; using fastio::read; #define INT(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) \ ll __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define CHAR(...) \ char __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define DBL(...) \ double __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(type, name, size) \ vector name(size); \ read(name) #define VV(type, name, h, w) \ vector> name(h, vector(w)); \ read(name) void YES(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "YES" : "NO"); } void NO(bool t = 1) { YES(!t); } void Yes(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "Yes" : "No"); } void No(bool t = 1) { Yes(!t); } void yes(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "yes" : "no"); } void no(bool t = 1) { yes(!t); } #line 3 "main.cpp" #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/mod/dynamic_modint_64.hpp" #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/mod/modint_common.hpp" struct has_mod_impl { template static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.get_mod(), std::true_type{}); template static auto check(...) -> std::false_type; }; template class has_mod : public decltype(has_mod_impl::check(std::declval())) {}; template mint inv(int n) { static const int mod = mint::get_mod(); static vector dat = {0, 1}; assert(0 <= n); if (n >= mod) n %= mod; while (len(dat) <= n) { int k = len(dat); int q = (mod + k - 1) / k; dat.eb(dat[k * q - mod] * mint::raw(q)); } return dat[n]; } template mint fact(int n) { static const int mod = mint::get_mod(); assert(0 <= n && n < mod); static vector dat = {1, 1}; while (len(dat) <= n) dat.eb(dat[len(dat) - 1] * mint::raw(len(dat))); return dat[n]; } template mint fact_inv(int n) { static vector dat = {1, 1}; if (n < 0) return mint(0); while (len(dat) <= n) dat.eb(dat[len(dat) - 1] * inv(len(dat))); return dat[n]; } template mint fact_invs(Ts... xs) { return (mint(1) * ... * fact_inv(xs)); } template mint multinomial(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) { return fact(head) * fact_invs(std::forward(tail)...); } template mint C_dense(int n, int k) { static vvc C; static int H = 0, W = 0; auto calc = [&](int i, int j) -> mint { if (i == 0) return (j == 0 ? mint(1) : mint(0)); return C[i - 1][j] + (j ? C[i - 1][j - 1] : 0); }; if (W <= k) { FOR(i, H) { C[i].resize(k + 1); FOR(j, W, k + 1) { C[i][j] = calc(i, j); } } W = k + 1; } if (H <= n) { C.resize(n + 1); FOR(i, H, n + 1) { C[i].resize(W); FOR(j, W) { C[i][j] = calc(i, j); } } H = n + 1; } return C[n][k]; } template mint C(ll n, ll k) { assert(n >= 0); if (k < 0 || n < k) return 0; if constexpr (dense) return C_dense(n, k); if constexpr (!large) return multinomial(n, k, n - k); k = min(k, n - k); mint x(1); FOR(i, k) x *= mint(n - i); return x * fact_inv(k); } template mint C_inv(ll n, ll k) { assert(n >= 0); assert(0 <= k && k <= n); if (!large) return fact_inv(n) * fact(k) * fact(n - k); return mint(1) / C(n, k); } // [x^d] (1-x) ^ {-n} の計算 template mint C_negative(ll n, ll d) { assert(n >= 0); if (d < 0) return mint(0); if (n == 0) { return (d == 0 ? mint(1) : mint(0)); } return C(n + d - 1, d); } #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/mod/barrett.hpp" // https://github.com/atcoder/ac-library/blob/master/atcoder/internal_math.hpp struct Barrett { u32 m; u64 im; explicit Barrett(u32 m = 1) : m(m), im(u64(-1) / m + 1) {} u32 umod() const { return m; } u32 modulo(u64 z) { if (m == 1) return 0; u64 x = (u64)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); u64 y = x * m; return (z - y + (z < y ? m : 0)); } u64 floor(u64 z) { if (m == 1) return z; u64 x = (u64)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); u64 y = x * m; return (z < y ? x - 1 : x); } pair divmod(u64 z) { if (m == 1) return {z, 0}; u64 x = (u64)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); u64 y = x * m; if (z < y) return {x - 1, z - y + m}; return {x, z - y}; } u32 mul(u32 a, u32 b) { return modulo(u64(a) * b); } }; struct Barrett_64 { u128 mod, mh, ml; explicit Barrett_64(u64 mod = 1) : mod(mod) { u128 m = u128(-1) / mod; if (m * mod + mod == u128(0)) ++m; mh = m >> 64; ml = m & u64(-1); } u64 umod() const { return mod; } u64 modulo(u128 x) { u128 z = (x & u64(-1)) * ml; z = (x & u64(-1)) * mh + (x >> 64) * ml + (z >> 64); z = (x >> 64) * mh + (z >> 64); x -= z * mod; return x < mod ? x : x - mod; } u64 mul(u64 a, u64 b) { return modulo(u128(a) * b); } }; #line 5 "/home/maspy/compro/library/mod/dynamic_modint_64.hpp" // https://codeforces.com/contest/453/problem/D template struct Dynamic_Modint_64 { static constexpr bool is_modint = true; using mint = Dynamic_Modint_64; u64 val; static Barrett_64 bt; static u64 umod() { return bt.umod(); } static ll get_mod() { return (ll)(bt.umod()); } static void set_mod(ll m) { assert(1 <= m); bt = Barrett_64(m); } Dynamic_Modint_64() : val(0) {} Dynamic_Modint_64(u64 x) : val(bt.modulo(x)) {} Dynamic_Modint_64(u128 x) : val(bt.modulo(x)) {} Dynamic_Modint_64(int x) : val((x %= get_mod()) < 0 ? x + get_mod() : x) {} Dynamic_Modint_64(ll x) : val((x %= get_mod()) < 0 ? x + get_mod() : x) {} Dynamic_Modint_64(i128 x) : val((x %= get_mod()) < 0 ? x + get_mod() : x) {} mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { val = (val += rhs.val) < umod() ? val : val - umod(); return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { val = (val += umod() - rhs.val) < umod() ? val : val - umod(); return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { val = bt.mul(val, rhs.val); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inverse(); } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(ll n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint x = *this, r = u64(1); while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x, n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inverse() const { ll x = val, mod = get_mod(); ll a = x, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t; while (b > 0) { t = a / b; swap(a -= t * b, b), swap(u -= t * v, v); } if (u < 0) u += mod; return u64(u); } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs.val == rhs.val; } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs.val != rhs.val; } #ifdef FASTIO void write() { fastio::printer.write(val); } void read() { fastio::scanner.read(val); val = bt.modulo(val); } #endif }; using dmint64 = Dynamic_Modint_64<-1>; template Barrett_64 Dynamic_Modint_64::bt; #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/nt/primetest.hpp" bool primetest(const u64 x) { if (x == 2 or x == 3 or x == 5 or x == 7) return true; if (x % 2 == 0 or x % 3 == 0 or x % 5 == 0 or x % 7 == 0) return false; if (x < 121) return x > 1; const u64 d = (x - 1) >> lowbit(x - 1); using m64 = Dynamic_Modint_64<20231024>; m64::set_mod(x); const m64 one(u64(1)), minus_one(x - 1); auto ok = [&](u64 a) -> bool { auto y = m64(a).pow(d); u64 t = d; while (y != one && y != minus_one && t != x - 1) y *= y, t <<= 1; if (y != minus_one && t % 2 == 0) return false; return true; }; if (x < (1ull << 32)) { for (u64 a: {2, 7, 61}) if (!ok(a)) return false; } else { for (u64 a: {2, 325, 9375, 28178, 450775, 9780504, 1795265022}) { if (x <= a) return true; if (!ok(a)) return false; } } return true; } #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/nt/factor.hpp" #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/random/base.hpp" u64 RNG_64() { static uint64_t x_ = uint64_t(chrono::duration_cast( chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()) .count()) * 10150724397891781847ULL; x_ ^= x_ << 7; return x_ ^= x_ >> 9; } u64 RNG(u64 lim) { return RNG_64() % lim; } ll RNG(ll l, ll r) { return l + RNG_64() % (r - l); } #line 5 "/home/maspy/compro/library/nt/factor.hpp" ll rho(ll n, ll c) { using m64 = Dynamic_Modint_64<20231025>; m64::set_mod(n); assert(n > 1); const m64 cc(c); auto f = [&](m64 x) { return x * x + cc; }; m64 x = 1, y = 2, z = 1, q = 1; ll g = 1; const ll m = 1LL << (__lg(n) / 5); // ? for (ll r = 1; g == 1; r <<= 1) { x = y; FOR(_, r) y = f(y); for (ll k = 0; k < r && g == 1; k += m) { z = y; FOR(min(m, r - k)) y = f(y), q *= x - y; g = gcd(q.val, n); } } if (g == n) do { z = f(z); g = gcd((x - z).val, n); } while (g == 1); return g; } ll find_prime_factor(ll n) { assert(n > 1); if (primetest(n)) return n; FOR(100) { ll m = rho(n, RNG(0, n)); if (primetest(m)) return m; n = m; } assert(0); return -1; } // ソートしてくれる vc> factor(ll n) { assert(n >= 1); vc> pf; FOR(p, 2, 100) { if (p * p > n) break; if (n % p == 0) { ll e = 0; do { n /= p, e += 1; } while (n % p == 0); pf.eb(p, e); } } while (n > 1) { ll p = find_prime_factor(n); ll e = 0; do { n /= p, e += 1; } while (n % p == 0); pf.eb(p, e); } sort(all(pf)); return pf; } vc> factor_by_lpf(ll n, vc& lpf) { vc> res; while (n > 1) { int p = lpf[n]; int e = 0; while (n % p == 0) { n /= p; ++e; } res.eb(p, e); } return res; } #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/mod/mod_pow.hpp" int mod_pow(int a, ll n, int mod) { assert(n >= 0); a = ((a %= mod) < 0 ? a + mod : a); Barrett bt(mod); int p = a, v = bt.modulo(1); while (n) { if (n & 1) v = bt.mul(v, p); p = bt.mul(p, p); n >>= 1; } return v; } ll mod_pow_64(ll a, ll n, ll mod) { assert(n >= 0); a = ((a %= mod) < 0 ? a + mod : a); Barrett_64 bt(mod); ll p = a, v = bt.modulo(1); while (n) { if (n & 1) v = bt.mul(v, p); p = bt.mul(p, p); n >>= 1; } return v; } #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/nt/gaussian_integers.hpp" template struct Gaussian_Integer { T x, y; using G = Gaussian_Integer; Gaussian_Integer(T x = 0, T y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {} Gaussian_Integer(pair p) : x(p.fi), y(p.se) {} T norm() const { return x * x + y * y; } G conjugate() const { return G(x, -y); } G &operator+=(const G &g) { x += g.x, y += g.y; return *this; } G &operator-=(const G &g) { x -= g.x, y -= g.y; return *this; } G &operator*=(const G &g) { tie(x, y) = mp(x * g.x - y * g.y, x * g.y + y * g.x); return *this; } G &operator/=(const G &g) { *this *= g.conjugate(); T n = g.norm(); x = floor(x + n / 2, n); y = floor(y + n / 2, n); return *this; } G &operator%=(const G &g) { auto q = G(*this) / g; q *= g; (*this) -= q; return *this; } G operator-() { return G(-x, -y); } G operator+(const G &g) { return G(*this) += g; } G operator-(const G &g) { return G(*this) -= g; } G operator*(const G &g) { return G(*this) *= g; } G operator/(const G &g) { return G(*this) /= g; } G operator%(const G &g) { return G(*this) %= g; } bool operator==(const G &g) { return (x == g.x && y == g.y); } static G gcd(G a, G b) { while (b.x != 0 || b.y != 0) { a %= b; swap(a, b); } return a; } // (g,x,y) s.t ax+by=g static tuple extgcd(G a, G b) { if (b.x != 0 || b.y != 0) { G q = a / b; auto [g, x, y] = extgcd(b, a - q * b); return {g, y, x - q * y}; } return {a, G{1, 0}, G{0, 0}}; } }; pair solve_norm_equation_prime(ll p) { using G = Gaussian_Integer; assert(p == 2 || p % 4 == 1); if (p == 2) return {1, 1}; ll x = [&]() -> ll { ll x = 1; while (1) { ++x; ll pow_x = 1; if (p < (1 << 30)) { pow_x = mod_pow(x, (p - 1) / 4, p); if (pow_x * pow_x % p == p - 1) return pow_x; } else { pow_x = mod_pow_64(x, (p - 1) / 4, p); if (i128(pow_x) * pow_x % p == p - 1) return pow_x; } } return -1; }(); G a(p, 0), b(x, 1); a = G::gcd(a, b); assert(a.norm() == p); return {a.x, a.y}; } template vc> solve_norm_equation_factor(vc> pfs) { using G = Gaussian_Integer; vc res; for (auto &&[p, e]: pfs) { if (p % 4 == 3 && e % 2 == 1) return {}; } res.eb(G(1, 0)); for (auto &&[p, e]: pfs) { if (p % 4 == 3) { T pp = 1; FOR(e / 2) pp *= p; for (auto &&g: res) { g.x *= pp; g.y *= pp; } continue; } G pi = solve_norm_equation_prime(p); vc pows(e + 1); pows[0] = G(1, 0); FOR(i, e) pows[i + 1] = pows[i] * pi; if (p == 2) { for (auto &&g: res) g *= pows[e]; continue; } vc pis(e + 1); FOR(j, e + 1) { pis[j] = pows[j] * (pows[e - j].conjugate()); } vc new_res; new_res.reserve(len(res) * (e + 1)); for (auto &&g: res) { for (auto &&a: pis) { new_res.eb(g * a); } } swap(res, new_res); } for (auto &&g: res) { while (g.x <= 0 || g.y < 0) { g = G(-g.y, g.x); } } return res; } // i128 を使うと N <= 10^{18} もできる // ノルムがとれるように、2 乗してもオーバーフローしない型を使おう // 0 <= arg < 90 となるもののみ返す。 // 単数倍は作らないので、使うときに気を付ける。 template vc> solve_norm_equation(T N) { using G = Gaussian_Integer; vc res; if (N < 0) return {}; if (N == 0) { res.eb(G(0, 0)); return res; } auto pfs = factor(N); return solve_norm_equation_factor(pfs); } #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/nt/three_square.hpp" // https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/483101/rabin-and-shallit-algorithm // ERH のもと O(log^2N) ? tuple three_square(ll N) { if (N == 0) return {0, 0, 0}; auto F = [&](ll n) -> tuple { if (N == 2) return {1, 1, 0}; if (N == 3) return {1, 1, 1}; if (N == 10) return {3, 1, 0}; if (N == 34) return {5, 3, 0}; if (N == 58) return {7, 3, 0}; if (N == 85) return {9, 2, 0}; if (N == 130) return {11, 3, 0}; if (N == 214) return {14, 3, 3}; if (N == 226) return {15, 1, 0}; if (N == 370) return {19, 3, 0}; if (N == 526) return {21, 9, 2}; if (N == 706) return {25, 9, 0}; if (N == 730) return {27, 1, 0}; if (N == 1414) return {33, 18, 1}; if (N == 1906) return {41, 15, 0}; if (N == 2986) return {45, 31, 0}; if (N == 9634) return {97, 15, 0}; ll x = sqrtl(N); if (N == x * x) return {x, 0, 0}; if (N % 4 != 1 && x % 2 == 0) --x; if (N % 4 == 1 && x % 2 == 1) --x; x += 2; while (1) { x -= 2; ll k = N - x * x; if (k < 0) break; if (k % 2 == 1 && primetest(k)) { auto [a, b] = solve_norm_equation_prime(k); a = abs(a), b = abs(b); return {a, b, x}; } if (k % 2 == 0 && primetest(k / 2)) { auto [a, b] = solve_norm_equation_prime(k / 2); tie(a, b) = mp(a + b, a - b); a = abs(a), b = abs(b); return {a, b, x}; } } return {-1, -1, -1}; assert(0); }; ll e = 0; while (N % 4 == 0) N /= 4, ++e; if (N % 8 == 7) return {-1, -1, -1}; auto [a, b, c] = F(N); return {a << e, b << e, c << e}; } #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/nt/four_square.hpp" tuple four_square(ll N) { if (N == 0) return {0, 0, 0, 0}; ll e = 0; while (N % 4 == 0) N /= 4, ++e; auto [a, b, c] = three_square(N); if (a != -1) return {a << e, b << e, c << e, 0}; tie(a, b, c) = three_square(N - 1); return {a << e, b << e, c << e, 1LL << e}; } #line 5 "main.cpp" void solve() { LL(N); auto [a, b, c, d] = four_square(N); vi ANS; FOR(4) { tie(a, b, c, d) = mt(b, c, d, a); if (a > 0) ANS.eb(a * a); } print(len(ANS)); print(ANS); } signed main() { int T = 1; // INT(T); FOR(T) solve(); return 0; }