#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; template struct LazySegmentTree { private: vector node; vector lazy; int siz,log; void map_and_comp(F f,int u) { node[u] = mapping(f,node[u]); if(u < siz) lazy[u] = composition(f,lazy[u]); } void propagate(int u) { assert(0 <= u && u < siz); map_and_comp(lazy[u],2*u); map_and_comp(lazy[u],2*u+1); lazy[u] = id(); } void recalculate(int u) {node[u] = op(node[2*u],node[2*u+1]);} public: LazySegmentTree(int n) { siz = 1; log = 0; while(siz < n) siz <<= 1,log++; node.assign(2*siz,e()); lazy.assign(siz,id()); } void fill(T x,int l = 0,int r = -1) {if(r < 0){r = siz;} for(int i = l;i < r;i++) replace(i,x);} void clear() {fill(e());} void replace(int pos,T x) {func_update(pos,x,[](T u,T v){return u = v;});} void add(int pos,T x) {func_update(pos,x,[](T u,T v){return u + v;});} void func_update(int pos,T x,T (*func)(T,T)) { assert(0 <= pos && pos < siz); pos += siz; for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate(pos >> i); node[pos] = func(node[pos],x); for(int i = 1;i <= log;i++) recalculate(pos >> i); } T operator[](int pos) { assert(0 <= pos && pos < siz); pos += siz; for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate(pos >> i); return node[pos]; } void apply(int pos,F f) { assert(0 <= pos && pos < siz); pos += siz; for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate(pos >> i); node[pos] = mapping(f,node[pos]); for(int i = 1;i <= log;i++) recalculate(pos >> i); } void apply(int l,int r,F f) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= siz); if(l == r) return; l += siz; r += siz; int l0 = l/(l & -l); int r0 = r/(r & -r); for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate(l0 >> i); for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate((r0-1) >> i); while(l < r) { if(l & 1) map_and_comp(f,l++); if(r & 1) map_and_comp(f,--r); l >>= 1; r >>= 1; } for(int i = 1;i <= log;i++) recalculate(l0 >> i); for(int i = 1;i <= log;i++) recalculate((r0-1) >> i); } T prod() {return node[1];} T prod(int l,int r) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= siz); l += siz; r += siz; int l0 = l/(l & -l); int r0 = r/(r & -r); for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate(l0 >> i); for(int i = log;i >= 1;i--) propagate((r0-1) >> i); T Lval = e(),Rval = e(); while(l < r) { if(l & 1) Lval = op(Lval,node[l++]); if(r & 1) Rval = op(node[--r],Rval); l >>= 1; r >>= 1; } return op(Lval,Rval); } }; int op(int a,int b) {return min(a,b);} int e() {return (int)1e9;} void solve(); int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); int tt = 1; /* cin >> tt; */ while(tt--) solve(); } int N; void solve() { cin >> N; LazySegmentTree dp(N); dp.replace(0,0); for(int i = 0;i+1 < N;i++) { int R; cin >> R; int cur = dp[i]; dp.apply(i+1,R,cur+1); } cout << dp[N-1] << endl; }