#include using namespace std; #define all(a) a.begin(),a.end() #define pb push_back #define sz(a) ((int)a.size()) using ll=long long; using u32=unsigned int; using u64=unsigned long long; using i128=__int128; using u128=unsigned __int128; using f128=__float128; using pii=pair; using pll=pair; template using vc=vector; template using vvc=vc>; template using vvvc=vc>; using vi=vc; using vll=vc; using vvi=vc; using vvll=vc; #define vv(type,name,n,...) \ vector> name(n,vector(__VA_ARGS__)) #define vvv(type,name,n,m,...) \ vector>> name(n,vector>(m,vector(__VA_ARGS__))) template using min_heap=priority_queue,greater>; template using max_heap=priority_queue; // https://trap.jp/post/1224/ #define rep1(n) for(ll i=0; i<(ll)(n); ++i) #define rep2(i,n) for(ll i=0; i<(ll)(n); ++i) #define rep3(i,a,b) for(ll i=(ll)(a); i<(ll)(b); ++i) #define rep4(i,a,b,c) for(ll i=(ll)(a); i<(ll)(b); i+=(c)) #define cut4(a,b,c,d,e,...) e #define rep(...) cut4(__VA_ARGS__,rep4,rep3,rep2,rep1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define per1(n) for(ll i=((ll)n)-1; i>=0; --i) #define per2(i,n) for(ll i=((ll)n)-1; i>=0; --i) #define per3(i,a,b) for(ll i=((ll)a)-1; i>=(ll)(b); --i) #define per4(i,a,b,c) for(ll i=((ll)a)-1; i>=(ll)(b); i-=(c)) #define per(...) cut4(__VA_ARGS__,per4,per3,per2,per1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define rep_subset(i,s) for(ll i=(s); i>=0; i=(i==0?-1:(i-1)&(s))) template constexpr T ifloor(const T a, const S b){return a/b-(a%b&&(a^b)<0);} template constexpr T iceil(const T a, const S b){return ifloor(a+b-1,b);} template void sort_unique(vector &vec){ sort(vec.begin(),vec.end()); vec.resize(unique(vec.begin(),vec.end())-vec.begin()); } template constexpr bool chmin(T &a, const S b){if(a>b) return a=b,true; return false;} template constexpr bool chmax(T &a, const S b){if(a istream& operator >> (istream& i, pair &p){return i >> p.first >> p.second;} template ostream& operator << (ostream& o, const pair &p){return o << p.first << ' ' << p.second;} #ifdef i_am_noob #define bug(...) cerr << "#" << __LINE__ << ' ' << #__VA_ARGS__ << "- ", _do(__VA_ARGS__) template void _do(vector x){for(auto i: x) cerr << i << ' ';cerr << "\n";} template void _do(set x){for(auto i: x) cerr << i << ' ';cerr << "\n";} template void _do(unordered_set x){for(auto i: x) cerr << i << ' ';cerr << "\n";} template void _do(T && x) {cerr << x << endl;} template void _do(T && x, S&&...y) {cerr << x << ", "; _do(y...);} #else #define bug(...) 777771449 #endif template void print(vector x){for(auto i: x) cout << i << ' ';cout << "\n";} template void print(set x){for(auto i: x) cout << i << ' ';cout << "\n";} template void print(unordered_set x){for(auto i: x) cout << i << ' ';cout << "\n";} template void print(T && x) {cout << x << "\n";} template void print(T && x, S&&... y) {cout << x << ' ';print(y...);} template istream& operator >> (istream& i, vector &vec){for(auto &x: vec) i >> x; return i;} vvi read_graph(int n, int m, int base=1){ vvi adj(n); for(int i=0,u,v; i> u >> v,u-=base,v-=base; adj[u].pb(v),adj[v].pb(u); } return adj; } vvi read_tree(int n, int base=1){return read_graph(n,n-1,base);} template pair operator + (const pair &a, const pair &b){return {a.first+b.first,a.second+b.second};} template constexpr T inf=0; template<> constexpr int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f; template<> constexpr ll inf = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; template vector operator += (vector &a, int val){for(auto &i: a) i+=val; return a;} template T isqrt(const T &x){T y=sqrt(x+2); while(y*y>x) y--; return y;} #define ykh mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()) #include using namespace atcoder; using mint=modint998244353; //using mint=modint1000000007; const int N=1<<17,mod=998244353; struct NTT { mint w[N]; NTT() { mint dw = mint(3).pow((mod-1)/N); w[0] = 1; for (int i = 1; i < N; ++i) w[i] = w[i-1]*dw; } void operator()(vector& a, bool inv = false) { int x = 0, n = a.size(); for (int j = 1; j < n - 1; ++j) { for (int k = n >> 1; (x ^= k) < k; k >>= 1); if (j < x) swap(a[x], a[j]); } for (int L = 2; L <= n; L <<= 1) { int dx = N / L, dl = L >> 1; for (int i = 0; i < n; i += L) { for (int j = i, x = 0; j < i + dl; ++j, x += dx) { mint tmp = a[j+dl]*w[x]; a[j + dl] = a[j]-tmp; a[j] = a[j]+tmp; } } } if (inv) { reverse(a.begin() + 1, a.end()); mint invn = mint(n).pow(mod-2); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = a[i]*invn; } } } ntt; vc Inverse(vc a) { int n = a.size(); vc res(1, a[0].pow(mod-2)); for (int m = 1; m < n; m <<= 1) { if (n < m * 2) a.resize(m * 2); vc v1(a.begin(), a.begin() + m * 2), v2 = res; v1.resize(m * 4), v2.resize(m * 4); ntt(v1), ntt(v2); for (int i = 0; i < m * 4; ++i) v1[i] = v1[i]*v2[i]*v2[i]; ntt(v1, true); res.resize(m * 2); for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) res[i] = res[i]+res[i]; for (int i = 0; i < m * 2; ++i) res[i] = res[i]-v1[i]; } res.resize(n); return res; } vc rem(vc a, vc b) { int n = a.size(), m = b.size(), k = n - m + 1; if (n < m) return a; vc ra = a, rb = b; reverse(all(ra)), ra.resize(k); reverse(all(rb)), rb.resize(k); vc Q = convolution(ra, Inverse(rb)); Q.resize(k); reverse(all(Q)); vc res = convolution(b, Q), R(m - 1); for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; ++i) R[i] = a[i] - res[i]; return R; } void ahcorz(){ int n; cin >> n; vc a(n); rep(n){ int x; cin >> x; x+=i; a[i]=x; } vc> vec(n*4); auto get=[&](auto &self, int k, int l, int r) -> void{ if(l+1==r){ vec[k]={-a[l],1}; return; } int mid=l+r>>1; self(self,k<<1,l,mid),self(self,k<<1|1,mid,r); vec[k]=convolution(vec[k<<1],vec[k<<1|1]); }; get(get,1,0,n); auto solve=[&](auto &self, int k, int l, int r, vc P) -> mint{ if(l+1==r){ reverse(all(P)); mint res; for(auto &x: P) res=res*a[l]+x; return res; } int mid=l+r>>1; vc L=rem(convolution(P,vec[k<<1|1]),vec[k<<1]); vc R=rem(P,vec[k<<1|1]); return self(self,k<<1,l,mid,L)*self(self,k<<1|1,mid,r,R); }; mint res=solve(solve,1,0,n,{1}); mint cur=1; rep(i,2,n){ cur*=i; res*=cur.inv(); } print((res*res).val()); } signed main(){ ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0),cin.tie(0); cout << fixed << setprecision(20); int t=1; //cin >> t; while(t--) ahcorz(); }