#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/all>
using namespace atcoder;
#pragma GCC target("avx2")
#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops")

#define rep(i, n) for(ll i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define rep2(i, m, n) for(ll i = m; i <= n; i++)
#define rrep(i, m, n) for(ll i = m; i >= n; i--)
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
#define rall(a) a.rbegin(), a.rend()
#define MAX(x) *max_element(all(x))
#define MIN(x) *min_element(all(x))
#define SZ(a) ((ll)(a).size())
#define bit(n, k) ((n >> k) & 1)
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using P = pair<ll, ll>;
const int dx[4] = { 1, 0, -1, 0};
const int dy[4] = { 0, -1, 0, 1};
const int inf = 1e9 + 7;
const ll infll = 1e18;
//const double pi = acos(-1);
     
using Graph = vector<vector<ll>>;
using REV_PQ = priority_queue<ll, vector<ll>, greater<ll>>;
using PQ = priority_queue<ll>;

const int SIZE = 400010;
ll powll(ll n, ll x) {
    // return n ^ x;
    ll ret = 1;
    rep(i, x) ret *= n;
    return ret;
}
void OutputYesNo(bool val) {
    if (val) cout << "Yes" << endl;
    else cout << "No" << endl;
}
void OutputTakahashiAoki(bool val) {
    if (val) cout << "Takahashi" << endl;
    else cout << "Aoki" << endl;
}
void OutPutInteger(ll x) { cout << x << endl; }
void OutPutString(string x) { cout << x << endl; }

int pop_count(ll n){
    int ret = 0;
    while(n > 0){
        if(n % 2 == 1) ret++;
        n /= 2; 
    }
    return ret; 
}

using PAIR_REV_PQ = priority_queue<pair<ll, ll>, vector<pair<ll, ll>>, greater<pair<ll, ll>>>;
typedef atcoder::modint998244353 mint;
//typedef atcoder::modint1000000007 mint;
//typedef modint mint;
//typedef vector<mint> ModintVec;

ll beki[200010];
ll x[200010];
struct S{
  mint sum;
  ll len;
};
S op(S a,S b){
  return {a.sum*beki[b.len]+b.sum,a.len+b.len};
}
S e(){
  return {0,0};
}
using F = ll;
S mapping(F f,S s){
  if(f==0) return s;
  return {f*x[s.len],s.len};
}
F composition(F f,F g){
  if(f==0) return g;
  return f;
}
F id(){
  return 0;
}
int main(){
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);

    ll n, m, q; cin >> n >> m >> q;
    vector<ll> a(n);
    rep(i, n) cin >> a[i];
    rep(i, n) a[i]--;

    vector<S> v(n);
    rep(i, n) v[i] = {a[i], 1};

    beki[0] = 1;
    rep(i, 200000){
        beki[i + 1] = beki[i] * m;
        x[i + 1] = x[i] + beki[i];
    }
    atcoder::lazy_segtree<S,op,e,F,mapping,composition,id> seg(v);

    while(q--){
        ll l, r; cin >> l >> r;
        l--;
        mint res = seg.prod(l, r).sum.val();
        res++;
        cout << res.val() << endl;
    }
    
}