#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

long long mod = 998244353;

int main(){
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);

    int N,M,Q; cin >> N >> M >> Q;
    vector<long long> A(N);
    for(auto &a : A) cin >> a,a--;

    vector<long long> L1(N);
    long long now = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<N; i++){
        now = now*M%mod;
        now = (now+A.at(i))%mod;
        L1.at(i) = now;
    }

    vector<long long> powerM(N+1,1);
    for(int i=1; i<=N; i++) powerM.at(i) = powerM.at(i-1)*M%mod;

    for(int i=0; i<Q; i++){
        int l,r; cin >> l >> r;
        l--; r--;

        long long answer = L1.at(r);
        if(l) answer = (answer-L1.at(l-1)*powerM.at(r-l+1)%mod+mod)%mod;
        cout << (answer+1)%mod << endl;
    }
}