#include using namespace std; using ll = long long; template struct prime_modint { using mint = prime_modint; unsigned int v; prime_modint() : v(0) {} prime_modint(unsigned int a) { a %= MOD; v = a; } prime_modint(unsigned long long a) { a %= MOD; v = a; } prime_modint(int a) { a %= (int)(MOD); if(a < 0)a += MOD; v = a; } prime_modint(long long a) { a %= (int)(MOD); if(a < 0)a += MOD; v = a; } static constexpr int mod() { return MOD; } mint& operator++() {v++; if(v == MOD)v = 0; return *this;} mint& operator--() {if(v == 0)v = MOD; v--; return *this;} mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { v += rhs.v; if(v >= MOD) v -= MOD; return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { if(v < rhs.v) v += MOD; v -= rhs.v; return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { v = (unsigned int)((unsigned long long)(v) * rhs.v % MOD); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint r = 1, x = *this; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { assert(v); return pow(MOD - 2); } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return (lhs.v == rhs.v); } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return (lhs.v != rhs.v); } friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream &os, const mint& rhs) noexcept { return os << rhs.v; } }; //using mint = prime_modint<1000000007>; using mint = prime_modint<998244353>; template struct segtree { public: segtree() : segtree(0) {} segtree(int n) : segtree(std::vector(n, e())) {} segtree(const std::vector& v) : _n(int(v.size())) { log = ceil_pow2(_n); size = 1 << log; d = std::vector(2 * size, e()); for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++) d[size + i] = v[i]; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 1; i--) { update(i); } } void set(int p, S x) { assert(0 <= p && p < _n); p += size; d[p] = x; for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) update(p >> i); } S get(int p) { assert(0 <= p && p < _n); return d[p + size]; } const S operator[](int p) const { return get(p); } S operator[](int p) { return get(p); } S prod(int l, int r) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= _n); S sml = e(), smr = e(); l += size; r += size; while (l < r) { if (l & 1) sml = op(sml, d[l++]); if (r & 1) smr = op(d[--r], smr); l >>= 1; r >>= 1; } return op(sml, smr); } S all_prod() { return d[1]; } template int max_right(int l) { return max_right(l, [](S x) { return f(x); }); } template int max_right(int l, F f) { assert(0 <= l && l <= _n); assert(f(e())); if (l == _n) return _n; l += size; S sm = e(); do { while (l % 2 == 0) l >>= 1; if (!f(op(sm, d[l]))) { while (l < size) { l = (2 * l); if (f(op(sm, d[l]))) { sm = op(sm, d[l]); l++; } } return l - size; } sm = op(sm, d[l]); l++; } while ((l & -l) != l); return _n; } template int min_left(int r) { return min_left(r, [](S x) { return f(x); }); } template int min_left(int r, F f) { assert(0 <= r && r <= _n); assert(f(e())); if (r == 0) return 0; r += size; S sm = e(); do { r--; while (r > 1 && (r % 2)) r >>= 1; if (!f(op(d[r], sm))) { while (r < size) { r = (2 * r + 1); if (f(op(d[r], sm))) { sm = op(d[r], sm); r--; } } return r + 1 - size; } sm = op(d[r], sm); } while ((r & -r) != r); return 0; } private: int _n, size, log; std::vector d; int ceil_pow2(int n) { int x = 0; while ((1U << x) < (unsigned int)(n)) x++; return x; } void update(int k) { d[k] = op(d[2 * k], d[2 * k + 1]); } }; using S = pair; S op(S lhs, S rhs){ return make_pair(lhs.first * rhs.second + rhs.first, lhs.second * rhs.second); } S e(){ return make_pair(0, 1); } int main(){ ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); int n, m, q; cin >> n >> m >> q; vector tmp(n); for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){ int v; cin >> v; tmp[i] = make_pair(v - 1, m); } segtree seg(tmp); while(q--){ int l, r; cin >> l >> r; cout << seg.prod(--l, r).first + 1 << '\n'; } }