#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <queue>
#include <atcoder/all>
using namespace std;
using namespace atcoder;
// S_1 = ((1), (2), ..., (m))
// S_2 = ((1, 1), (1, 2), ..., (m, m))

int main() {
  int n, m, q; cin >> n >> m >> q;
  vector<int> a(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];
  for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
    int l, r; cin >> l >> r;
    l--, r--;
    int k = r - l + 1;
    long long ans = 0;
    for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
      ans += (a[l + j] - 1) * pow_mod(m, k - j - 1, 998244353);
    }
    cout << (ans + 1) % 998244353 << endl;
  }

}