#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/all>

typedef long long int ll;
typedef long double ld;

using namespace std;
using namespace atcoder;

#define inf 1010000000
#define llinf 1001000000000000000ll
#define pi 3.141592653589793238
#define rep(i, n) for(ll i = 0; i < (n); i++)
#define rep1(i, n) for(ll i = 1; i <= (n); i++)
#define rep2(i,l,r) for(ll i = (l); i < (r); i++)
#define per(i, n) for(ll i = (n)-1; i >= 0; i--)
#define each(x, v) for (auto&& x : v)
#define rng(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define fi first
#define se second
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define pob pop_back
#define st string
#define pcnt __builtin_popcountll
#define bit(n) (1LL<<(n))

template <class T = ll>
inline T in(){ T x; cin >> x; return (x);}
#define vcin(x,n) {for(ll loop=0; loop<(n); loop++) cin>>x[loop];}

#define ret(x) { cout<<(x)<<endl;}
#define rets(x) { cout<<(x)<< " ";}
#define dame { ret("-1"); return 0;}
#define yes { ret("Yes"); return 0;}
#define no { ret("No"); return 0;}
#define Endl cout<<endl;
#define dump(x) { cout << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;}

template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false;}
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false;}

// 仮マクロ 便利だったら昇格
#define unique(v) v.erase( unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end())
// ここまで仮マクロ

// clock()/CLOCKS_PER_SEC 秒数を知りたいときに用いる

#define mod 998244353
using mint = modint998244353;

/*

#define mod 1000000007
using mint = modint1000000007;

*/

vector<ll> dx={1,0,-1,0};
vector<ll> dy={0,1,0,-1};

using pl = pair<ll,ll>;
using ppl = pair<pl,ll>;
// G.assign(n, vector<ll>()); グローバル変数にGを置く時に置く

// 関数を置くのはここ以下

int main() {
  cin.tie(nullptr);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cout << fixed << setprecision(20);
  ll n,m,q; cin >> n >> m >> q;
  ll a[n]; vcin(a,n);
  mint b[n];
  rep(i,n){
    b[i] = a[i]-1;
    b[i] *= pow_mod(m,n-i-1,mod);
  }
  mint c[n+1];
  rep1(i,n) c[i] = c[i-1] + b[i-1];
  rep(i,q){
    ll x,y; cin >> x >> y; x--;
    mint ans = c[y] - c[x];
    ans /= pow_mod(m,n-y,mod); ans+=1;
    ret(ans.val())
  }
}