#ifndef LOCAL #define FAST_IO #endif // ============ #include #define OVERRIDE(a, b, c, d, ...) d #define REP2(i, n) for (i32 i = 0; i < (i32)(n); ++i) #define REP3(i, m, n) for (i32 i = (i32)(m); i < (i32)(n); ++i) #define REP(...) OVERRIDE(__VA_ARGS__, REP3, REP2)(__VA_ARGS__) #define PER2(i, n) for (i32 i = (i32)(n)-1; i >= 0; --i) #define PER3(i, m, n) for (i32 i = (i32)(n)-1; i >= (i32)(m); --i) #define PER(...) OVERRIDE(__VA_ARGS__, PER3, PER2)(__VA_ARGS__) #define ALL(x) begin(x), end(x) #define LEN(x) (i32)(x.size()) using namespace std; using u32 = unsigned int; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i32 = signed int; using i64 = signed long long; using f64 = double; using f80 = long double; using pi = pair; using pl = pair; template using V = vector; template using VV = V>; template using VVV = V>>; template using VVVV = V>>>; template using PQR = priority_queue, greater>; template bool chmin(T &x, const T &y) { if (x > y) { x = y; return true; } return false; } template bool chmax(T &x, const T &y) { if (x < y) { x = y; return true; } return false; } template i32 lob(const V &arr, const T &v) { return (i32)(lower_bound(ALL(arr), v) - arr.begin()); } template i32 upb(const V &arr, const T &v) { return (i32)(upper_bound(ALL(arr), v) - arr.begin()); } template V argsort(const V &arr) { V ret(arr.size()); iota(ALL(ret), 0); sort(ALL(ret), [&](i32 i, i32 j) -> bool { if (arr[i] == arr[j]) { return i < j; } else { return arr[i] < arr[j]; } }); return ret; } #ifdef INT128 using u128 = __uint128_t; using i128 = __int128_t; #endif [[maybe_unused]] constexpr i32 INF = 1000000100; [[maybe_unused]] constexpr i64 INF64 = 3000000000000000100; struct SetUpIO { SetUpIO() { #ifdef FAST_IO ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); #endif cout << fixed << setprecision(15); } } set_up_io; void scan(char &x) { cin >> x; } void scan(u32 &x) { cin >> x; } void scan(u64 &x) { cin >> x; } void scan(i32 &x) { cin >> x; } void scan(i64 &x) { cin >> x; } void scan(string &x) { cin >> x; } template void scan(V &x) { for (T &ele : x) { scan(ele); } } void read() {} template void read(Head &head, Tail &...tail) { scan(head); read(tail...); } #define CHAR(...) \ char __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__); #define U32(...) \ u32 __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__); #define U64(...) \ u64 __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__); #define I32(...) \ i32 __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__); #define I64(...) \ i64 __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__); #define STR(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__); #define VEC(type, name, size) \ V name(size); \ read(name); #define VVEC(type, name, size1, size2) \ VV name(size1, V(size2)); \ read(name); // ============ #ifdef DEBUGF #else #define DBG(...) (void)0 #endif // ============ #include #include #include template struct Edge { using W = T; int from, to, id; W weight; Edge rev() const { return Edge{to, from, id, weight}; } }; template void debug(const Edge &e) { std::cerr << e.from << " -> " << e.to << " id = " << e.id << std::cerr << " weight = "; debug(e.weight); } template class Graph { public: using E = Edge; using W = T; static constexpr bool DIRECTED = DIR; struct Adjacency { using Iter = typename std::vector::iterator; Iter be, en; Iter begin() const { return be; } Iter end() const { return en; } int size() const { return (int)std::distance(be, en); } E &operator[](int idx) const { return be[idx]; } }; struct ConstAdjacency { using Iter = typename std::vector::const_iterator; Iter be, en; Iter begin() const { return be; } Iter end() const { return en; } int size() const { return (int)std::distance(be, en); } const E &operator[](int idx) const { return be[idx]; } }; private: int n, m; std::vector edges, csr; std::vector sep; bool built; public: Graph(int n) : n(n), m(0), built(false) {} int v() const { return n; } int e() const { return m; } int add_vertex() { return n++; } void add_edge(int from, int to, W weight = 1) { assert(0 <= from && from < n && 0 <= to && to < n); edges.emplace_back(E{from, to, m++, weight}); } void build() { sep.assign(n + 1, 0); csr.resize(DIRECTED ? m : 2 * m); for (const E &e : edges) { ++sep[e.from + 1]; if (!DIRECTED) { ++sep[e.to + 1]; } } for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { sep[i + 1] += sep[i]; } std::vector c = sep; for (const E &e : edges) { csr[c[e.from]++] = e; if (!DIRECTED) { csr[c[e.to]++] = e.rev(); } } built = true; } Adjacency operator[](int v) { assert(built && 0 <= v && v < n); return Adjacency{csr.begin() + sep[v], csr.begin() + sep[v + 1]}; } ConstAdjacency operator[](int v) const { assert(built && 0 <= v && v < n); return ConstAdjacency{csr.begin() + sep[v], csr.begin() + sep[v + 1]}; } }; // ============ void solve() { I32(n); Graph<> g(n); REP(i, n - 1) { I32(u, v); --u; --v; g.add_edge(u, v); } g.build(); V deg(n); REP(i, n) { deg[i] = LEN(g[i]); } i64 ans = n - 1; REP(i, n) { ans += (i64)deg[i] * (deg[i] - 1) / 2; } REP(v, n) { for (auto e : g[v]) { if (v > e.to) { continue; } ans += (i64)(deg[v] - 1) * (deg[e.to] - 1); } } cout << ans << '\n'; } int main() { i32 t = 1; // cin >> t; while (t--) { solve(); } }