#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/all>
using namespace std;
using namespace atcoder;
#define rep(i, n) for(int i=0;i<(n);++i)
#define rep1(i, n) for(int i=1;i<=(n);i++)
#define ll long long
using mint = modint998244353;
using P = pair<ll,ll>;
using lb = long double;
using T = tuple<ll, ll, ll>;
#ifdef LOCAL
#  include <debug_print.hpp>
#  define dbg(...) debug_print::multi_print(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__)
#else
#  define dbg(...) (static_cast<void>(0))
#endif

int main()
{
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while(t--) {
        int n, m;
        cin >> n >> m;
        if(m>n) {
            mint ans = mint(10).pow(n)-1;
            cout << ans.val() << endl;
            continue;
        }
        ll mod = pow_mod(10, m, 998244353)+1;
        ll ans = pow_mod(10, n, mod) - 1;
        ans += mod;
        ans %= mod;
        cout << ans << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}